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Meeran A. Omer1, Slahaddin A. Ahmed1, kais J. Al-Jumaily2
1 College of Science, University of Sulaimani, 2 College of Science, University of Al-Mustansiriya
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10232
Abstract:
The energy transfer from the sun to the atmosphere is one of the primary drivers of the
weather. The Earth climate is strongly affected by the amount of solar radiation emitted
by the sun, which changes with solar activity. The search for cyclicity in the climate record
can resolve some complexities of the atmospheric system. Periodicities in the sun spot
number time series, annual, seasonal temperature time series have been studied visualising
the data for 63 years spanning over the period 1948-2011. The temperature series is
obtained from NCAR-NCEP reanalysis data centre. The sunspot number and temperature
series, where subjected to spectral analysis by multitaper method to investigate the
possible periodicities exist in all series. Several periodicities in the band 10.5-12.5 years are
detected in annual and seasonal temperature where they are related to solar cycle. The
temperature at Kurdistan is negatively correlated with the length of the solar cycle. The
North Atlantic oscillation also affects the temperature of the region through 3.7 years
periodicity.
Keywords: Sunspot Number, Solar Cycle, solar cycle length, Multitaper Method, The National
centre for Environmental Prediction and National Centre for Atmospheric Research,
North Atlantic oscillation.
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