Embedded Files
Faisal Abdulkadir Sakri1, Noori Hassan Ghafour2, & Shireen Abdulkarim Amin3
1 College of Science, Salahaddin University, 2 College of Science, University of Sulaimani ,3 College of Science, Salahaddin University
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10137
Abstract
This research was conducted to study the response of various wheat cultivars to water status through plant length , flag leaf length, number of tillers per plant, number of leaves per plant, weight of loosed, plant dry weight, protein content in kernel%, and total carbohydrates, Results indicate that the drought periods significantly days for Sham-3-hard(durum) cultivars and signifiecantly decreased for Maxipak and Abu-Greb cultivars at drought period 21 days and Bakrajow at drought period of 7, 14 and 21 days period fo Aras.
Water stress periods significantly decreased number of spike per plant, number of seed per spike, number of seed per plant for all cultivars except Bakrajow for number of seed per spike, and also it significantly decreased weight of loosed especially of the two water stress periods 14, and 21 days and plant dry weight for all cultivars except Sham-3-Soft(aestivum). Drought period significantly decreased protien content in kernel% of Sham-3-Hard in all drought periods and Sham-6-soft at 21 days period.
Keywords : Various wheat (Triticum aestivam) cultivars [Maxipak, Abu-Greb, and Sham-3-hard (durum) also Aras, Bakrajow and Sham-6-soft (aestivum), water drought periods.
Refrences
1. Mundree, S. G. , Bienyarneen B. , Shaheen, M., Sham P,. Sabri N4. , Clare V. W. , Kershini
G., Ali M. , Samson M.. Jil1, M. F. and Jennifer A. T. Physiological and molecular insights
in to drought tolerance. African journal of biotechnolog, 2002 (2).28-38.
2. Bohneft, H. J.; Nelson D. E., and Jensen R. G. Adaptations to environmental stresses. Planl
cell 1995.7; 1099-1 I I 1.
3. Cigiar Priorities and Strategies for Resource Allocation During April.29. 1997.
4. Wheat and grain flours 2002. Wheat out look (WFIS). Products of the Economic Research
service US. Departrnent of Agriculture.
5. Nizameddin, M. Marshall, D.R. Effects of dwarfing genes on yield and yield components
under irrigated and rain-fed conditions in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Euphytica 1989.42:
t27-134.
6. Waddington, S. R.; Cartwright, P. M., and Wall P. C" A quantitative scale of spike initial
and pistil developrnent in barely and wheat" Annuals of Botany. . 1983,51; 1 19-130.
7. Alexandrov, V. A. and Hoogenboom, G" The impact of climate variability and change on
crop yield in Bulgaria. Agricultural and Forest meterology 2000,104: 315-327.
8. Li, A.-G., Hou,Y. S. Wall, G.W. Trent, A., Kimball, B. A. and Printer J. R., P. J. Free-air
CO2 ettrichment and drought stress et-fects cin grain filling rate and duration in spring wheat.
Crop science 2000,4C: 1263-1270.
9. Bauder, Jim. I998 When necessary "Jusi in time" irrigating can saw water. Montana. state
university U.S.A. Ertension soil and water quality',
10. Bakhshandeh, A. 2001. Effects of water stress on the development of the inflorescence in
two spring wheat. Proceedings of the 10th Australian Agronomy Conference, Hobart.
Il. Xiping, D.; Shan L, Inanaga S, 2002. Assessments on the water conservation practices
and wheat adaptations to the semi-arid and eroded environrnents. 12th ISCO Conference,
12. Baalabaki, R.. and A. Abdel-Rahin:,2002. Effect of Osmotic stress vegertative growth
and yield of drought tolerant susceptible wheat cultivars and protection. Crop production.
AUB research Agricultural crop project"
13. Sharma, D. L and Anderson W. K.200I. Agronomic responses of new wheat cultivars in
the northern wheat belt. In crop updates 2001: Cereal updates (Eds. Roslyn. Jetner and
Jessica Johns) pp. 4l-4?. Agriculture westrn.
14. Sharma. D. L. and Anderson W. K. 2003. Tirne of sowing affects small grain screening in
wheat in a dry season proceedings of the I1th Australian Agronomy Conference. Geelong
"Victoria-Australian Society of Agronomy.
15. Ivandic, V; C. A. Hackett; Z. J. ZhanE, J. E. Stabllb, E. Nevo; W. T, B. Thomas and B. P.
Forster, Phenotypic responses of wild barley to experimentally imposed water stress
JournaI af Experimental B ot arzy 2 000. 5 I (3 5 3 ) : 2A2 l -2029 .
16. Bartoli, C. fuI. Simontacchi. E. Tambussi, J. Beltrano, E. Montaldi, and S. Puntarulo.
Drought and watering- dependent oxidative stress: effect on antioxidant content in (Triticum A ,#+ (UA Sr.!r,,, f <S* uiLiK siLjJ-.-6;b ot)S
aestivum I-.) leaves. Journal of experimental tsotany1999,50,373-381, Copy right oxford
university press.
17. Cochran, W. G. and Cox, G. M. 1957. Experimental Design. Wiley publication in statistics.
2nd edition. John Wiiey and sons Inc. USA.
18. McClare, J. T. and Sincich,T, 2000. A first course in statistics. 7th edition. Printed Hall Inc" USA.
19. Shalfer, P. A. and Hartman, A. F. 1921. The iodometric determination of cupper and its use
in sugar analysis (Modified by Noakell E, J, and El-Gawadi , A., Barnell: New phytol 35:229-266.
20. Coombs, J.o G. Hind, R. C. Leegood , L. L. Tieszen and A. Vonshak 1985. Anaiytical
techniques. From techniques in bioproductivity and photosynthesis. 2nd edition .Pergamon
press. Newwork.
21. Black. C. A.; D. D. Evans; L. E. Ensminger and F. E. Clark. 1982. Methods.
22. Krarner J. K. 1969. Plant and soil water relation ships; Amodern synthesis. McGraw-Hill
Book Compar:y.
23, Vander, W.C.; Pammenter N, W", Mundree S. G., Farrant J. M" Physiological comparisons
between the resurrection grass, Ergannindeasis and the related desiccation-sensitive species,
Eragrostis plant growth Regul. 2001.-q5: 121-129.
24. Whitmore, F. W. afld R. Zafunr Evidence for direcl effect of water stress on traechid wall
metabolisrn in pine forest Sci. 1967.13:397-400.
25. Stuchburg, 2000. Iv{aking crop plants which have increased resistance to stress. Plant cell
biotechnology. Lecture synopsis for BI 1505.
26. Meyer, R. E. and J. R. Gigrich, Osmotic stress; effects of its application to a portion of
wheat root systems, Science 1964. 144:1463-1454.
27. ltai, C,, anci Y, Vaadia, Kinetin- like activity in root exudates of water stressed sunflower
plants. Physical Plant. 1965.18: 941-944.
28, Berman, M. E.; Dejong T. M. Water stess and crop load effects on fruit fresh and dry weights in peach (Prunus persica) . Tree physictlogy. 1996. 16;859-864.
29. Dorion ,S., Lalorrde S, Saini H. Slndustion of male sterility in wheat by meiotic- stage water
deficit is preceded by a decline in invertase activity and changes in carbohydrate
metabolism in culture. Plant physiologt. 1996.1 11, 137-145,
30. AL-Niemi, S. N, 1980. Early grou.th response of grain sorphum, Corn and soybean to salt
and water stress. Ph.D, Thesis . Missouri University-Coiumbia in physiology.
31. Bernett, W.E., D.H. Brown and J. L. Epler, Mitochondria speci'flc, chlorcplasl; plant
physiol. 1967 .41: 7 61-7 7 A.
32. Hartung, W. Schiller Pikar Josef D., Physiology of poikilohydric Prog. Bot. 1998. 59:299'
-327.
Page updated
Report abuse