A required module of New Venture Finance and supplemental module for other entrepreneurship courses.
Venture capital is a form of private equity and a type of financing that investors provide to startup companies and small businesses that are believed to have long-term growth potential, or to companies that have grown quickly and appear poised to continue to expand. Venture capital generally comes from well-off investors, investment banks and any other financial institutions. However, it does not always take a monetary form; it can also be provided in the form of technical or managerial expertise. Venture capital is typically allocated to small companies with exceptional growth potential (Investopedia, 2020).
Upon completing this module you should be able to:
articulate the process involved in securing an investment in a VC-led round (usually starting with Series A, but lately VCs seem to be moving further downstream to focus on later stage rounds like B, C, D, ... You get it).
articulate the key differences between angel investing and venture capital investing, such as whose money is at stake, timing of investments, and types of benefits and preferential treatment each type of investor gets when they finance you.
describe the role venture capital industry plays in the process of helping adolescent-stage companies grow dramatically into comparatively mature companies that are attractive candidates for acquisition or an IPO.
Venture capital is one of many source of financing for your venture. I discuss friends and family and angel investors, as well as the tools of equity financing, such as valuation, cap tables, and term sheets, in other parts of this course.
Watch the assigned videos and presentations;
Read the assigned readings;
Complete the practice quiz or other assigned practice activity
Complete the assessment;
Complete the "Mark as Complete" checklist.
Professional private equity investors focus on analysis of your business; due diligence of you, your partners, company cohorts, customers, technology, and competitors; and partner "buy-in" (or note) that results in an investment offer through a term sheet.
The startup founders and VC investors agree on a valuation, investment amount, and percentage of ownership the VC investors will receive in exchange for their investment. This sets a new "post-money" valuation and, coupled with the investment amount, infers a new "pre-money" amount. The funds of the investment may be distributed to the startup in tranches based on completion of key milestones. VC investors will typically require a "preferred" category of shares of your stock that give them certain priorities and privileges that come with this type of funding. And one of those priorities will be to have one of their people become a member of your Board of Directors.
Mark Suster presents the general steps in the VC process here.
Andreessen, M. 2009. But I don't know any VC's!. Pmarca Archives, Part 3. pp. 18-24.
Drory, O. 2024. A scientific approach to VC. NfX.com, February 2024 <-- NEW! (A rule in life: you always get what you incentivize. So you should understand the incentive structure behind venture capital.)
Parker, M. September 15, 2025. Forget warm intros--Customer CEOs are the only way to get VC meetings (Four Insights Substack)
Riggs-Davie, PLC. 2017. Guide to negotiating a venture capital round
Suster, M. 2018. How Many Investors Should You Talk to in a VC Fund Raise? And How Do You Prioritize? https://bothsidesofthetable.com/how-many-investors-should-you-talk-to-in-a-vc-fund-raise-and-how-do-you-prioritize-7be15aa7136e, May 13, 2018. Accessed August 18, 2020
Suster, M. 2018. How to Talk About Valuation When a VC Asks. https://bothsidesofthetable.com/how-to-talk-about-valuation-when-a-vc-asks-7376f5721226, May 30, 2018. Accessed August 18, 2020.
Suster, M. 2019. A Deep Dive into What Has Really Changed in Venture Capital. https://bothsidesofthetable.com/a-deep-dive-into-what-has-really-changed-in-venture-capital-f5d225f7f8 February 7, 2019, accessed August 18, 2020.
Notes on Venture Capital (Armstrong notes from Feld and Mendelson (2016), Venture Deals, 3rd Ed., Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
The Slideshare download to the left accompanies Mark Suster's post from February 2019 listed above.
Venture capital investments have not been this high since the end of the dot-com boom, but the majority of funds is going into mega-deals to sustain multi-billion-dollar private "unicorns."
Mark says In reality the “private capital market” now really consists of three distinct markets: Seed capital (the start), Venture capital (scale or bust) and Growth Capital (private IPOs). The skills in each are quite distinct, the investment strategies are different yet the connective tissues between the best firms are strong.
Patience to get to liquidity is a virtue. Mark correctly observes that "if just Google, Salesforce and Amazon has stayed private for 12 years (today’s IPO benchmark) an additional $200 billion would have been captured in the private markets!" To which I say, "Great for private equity investors, but haven't you squeezed all the value out of the investments by the time they are public companies?" That's a legitimate question if the company wants to remain a true growth company post-IPO. Otherwise, it's another GM.
Marc Andreessen, Co-Founder & Partner at Andreessen Horowitz, discusses his philosophy on investing in technical founders and the role of technology in today's startups. Andreessen also addresses the kind of entrepreneurs and ideas his venture capital firm look for: "Big breakthrough ideas often seem nuts the first time you see them."
Meet 10 Kickass Black Female Venture Capitalists You Should Know (Sian Morson, 12/12/2019)
, In-class team assignment Nov 16 (here is an example of how the mechanics work) (if you miss class, turn in by Nov 19, 10 points (On Bb as "Venture Capital").
New Venture Finance, MGT 481, Fall 2020
New Venture Development, MGT X82, Fall 2020