2016 New Diseases Discovered
LOTS of Them
January 18, 2016
In less than 3 weeks, 2 publications from 2 continents identified about a dozen known disease causing organisms in ticks. That could be a record-breaking number. The scientists also discovered seven (7) new species/strains not previously identified, in the same ticks.
We know lab tests miss B. burgdorferi already (about 75% of those infected), and we don’t have accurate tests for most of the other strains/species listed here, certainly not any of the new ones.
Best advise?
TREAT THE BITE!
Don't wait to see if you become sick.
TREAT THE BITE!
Go to www.TreatTheBite.com for more information.
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Quote from latest article- "We identified as pathogenic bacteria, Rickettsia africae in Am. variegatum (90%), Rh. microplus (10%) and Hyalomma spp. (9%), Rickettsia aeschlimannii in Hyalomma spp. (23%), Rickettsia massiliae in Rh. senegalensis (33%) as well as Coxiella burnetii in 0.2%, Borrelia sp. in 0.2%, Anaplasma centrale in 0.2%, Anaplasma marginale in 0.5%, and Ehrlichia ruminantium in 0.5% of all ticks. Potential new species of Borrelia, Anaplasma, and Wolbachia were detected."
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PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Jan 15;10(1):e0004367. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004367. eCollection 2016.
Multiple Pathogens Including Potential New Species in Tick Vectors in Côte d'Ivoire.
Ehounoud CB1,2,3, Yao KP3, Dahmani M1, Achi YL4, Amanzougaghene N1, Kacou N'Douba A5, N'Guessan JD3, Raoult D1,2, Fenollar F1,2, Mediannikov O1,2.
Our study aimed to assess the presence of different pathogens in ticks collected in two regions in Côte d'Ivoire.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:
Real-time PCR and standard PCR assays coupled to sequencing were used.
Three hundred and seventy eight (378) ticks (170 Amblyomma variegatum, 161 Rhipicepalus microplus, 3 Rhipicephalus senegalensis, 27 Hyalomma truncatum, 16 Hyalomma marginatum rufipes, and 1 Hyalomma impressum) were identified and analyzed.
We identified as pathogenic bacteria, Rickettsia africae in Am. variegatum (90%), Rh. microplus (10%) and Hyalomma spp. (9%), Rickettsia aeschlimannii in Hyalomma spp. (23%), Rickettsia massiliae in Rh. senegalensis (33%) as well as Coxiella burnetii in 0.2%, Borrelia sp. in 0.2%, Anaplasma centrale in 0.2%, Anaplasma marginale in 0.5%, and Ehrlichia ruminantium in 0.5% of all ticks.
Potential new species of Borrelia, Anaplasma, and Wolbachia were detected.
Candidatus Borrelia africana and Candidatus Borrelia ivorensis (detected in three ticks) are phylogenetically distant from both the relapsing fever group and Lyme disease group borreliae; both were detected in Am. variegatum.
Four new genotypes of bacteria from the Anaplasmataceae family were identified, namely Candidatus Anaplasma ivorensis (detected in three ticks), Candidatus Ehrlichia urmitei (in nine ticks), Candidatus Ehrlichia rustica (in four ticks), and Candidatus Wolbachia ivorensis (in one tick).
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:
For the first time, we demonstrate the presence of different pathogens such as R. aeschlimannii, C. burnetii, Borrelia sp., A. centrale, A. marginale, and E. ruminantium in ticks in Côte d'Ivoire as well as potential new species of unknown pathogenicity.
PMID: 26771308 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] Free full text
Link Here- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26771308
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Posted 3 weeks earlier
MORE tick borne diseases discovered…
PLoS One. 2015 Dec 28;10(12):e0145449. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145449. eCollection 2015.
Bacterial Profiling Reveals Novel "Ca. Neoehrlichia", Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma Species in Australian Human-Biting Ticks
Gofton AW1, Doggett S2, Ratchford A3, Oskam CL1, Paparini A1, Ryan U1, Irwin P1.
In Australia, a conclusive aetiology of Lyme disease-like illness in human patients remains elusive, despite growing numbers of people presenting with symptoms attributed to tick bites.
In the present study, we surveyed the microbial communities harboured by human-biting ticks from across Australia to identify bacteria that may contribute to this syndrome.
Universal PCR primers were used to amplify the V1-2 hyper-variable region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes in DNA samples from individual Ixodes holocyclus (n = 279), Amblyomma triguttatum (n = 167), Haemaphysalis bancrofti (n = 7), and H. longicornis (n = 7) ticks.
The 16S amplicons were sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform and analysed in USEARCH, QIIME, and BLAST to assign genus and species-level taxonomies.
Nested PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to confirm the NGS data and further analyse novel findings. All 460 ticks were negative for Borrelia spp. by both NGS and nested PCR analysis.
Two novel "Candidatus Neoehrlichia" spp. were identified in 12.9% of I. holocyclus ticks.
A novel Anaplasma sp. was identified in 1.8% of A. triguttatum ticks, and a novel Ehrlichia sp. was identified in both A. triguttatum (1.2%) ticks and a single I. holocyclus (0.6%) tick.
Further phylogenetic analysis of novel "Ca. Neoehrlichia", Anaplasma and Ehrlichia based on 1,265 bp 16S rRNA gene sequences suggests that these are new species.
Determining whether these newly discovered organisms cause disease in humans and animals, like closely related bacteria do abroad, is of public health importance and requires further investigation.
PMID: 26709826 [PubMed - in process] Free full text
Link Here
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26709826
Lucy Barnes