As it turns out, the brain's secret is surprisingly simple: devote no more than half (and no less than 40 percent) of each cell's effort to individual tasks.
Where does the rest of the effort go? Towards scalable teamwork.
And here's the kicker: we found the exact same organizational structure across the brains of five species – from fruit flies and nematodes to zebrafish, mice and monkeys.
brain activity unfolds according to a fractal hierarchy.
Cells work together to build larger, coordinated networks, creating an organization with each scale mirroring those above and below.
This structure answered the debate: the brain actually does both.
It balances individuality and teamwork, and does so in a clever way. Roughly half of the effort goes to "personal" performance as neurons collaborate within increasingly larger networks.
When elements are organized into tiered networks, resources can be shared efficiently, and the system becomes robust against disruptions.
The best businesses operate in the same way — when a new challenge arises, individuals can react without waiting for instructions from their manager, allowing them to solve the problem while remaining supported by the organization rapidly.