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Unit 4 section 1 notes(p. 2-33)
Waft with me safety video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJG0ir9nDtc
Look at the periodic table.
1-Atomic Number
H-Atomic symbol
Hydrogen- Atomic name
1.008 –Atomic mass(grams/mole) or (g/mol)
Or AMU
Conservation of Mass problems
Mass problems using the periodic table.
Ca + S → CaS
40 g/mol + 32 g/mol= 72 g/mol
Physical properties-Can be observed or measured without changing the substance.
Qualitative data-Observation that is an opinion.
Quantitative-Measurement that involves a number and label.
Turn to page 27 Examples of physical properties.
A)Conductivity-
The ability of a substance to conduct heat or electricity.
B)Boiling point-
The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.
C)Melting point-
The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.
D)Solubility-
The ability of one substance to dissolve into another substance.
EXTRA
Mass-Amount of matter in a substance.
Volume-Amount of space taken up by a substance.
Density-Mass per unit volume.
Density=Mass/volume
Example What is the volume if the mass is 4 g and the density is 2 g/ml?
Volume =mass/density
Volume = 4 g/2 g/ml
Volume = 2 ml
Chemical property-Characteristic that can only be measured or observed by changing the substance into something else.
Examples of chemical properties.
A)Flammability-The ability of a substance to burn.
B) Oxidation-Occurs when a substance reacts with an oxidizing agent.
C)Reactivity-Occurs when two or more substances combine to form a new substance.
Inert-A substance that is not reactive.
Substance-
A type of matter with a fixed composition.
Element-
All atoms in a substance have the same identity.
i.e. Silver or anything on the periodic table.
Compound-
Atoms of two or more elements are combined in a fixed portion.
e.g. Water(H2O)
Heterogeneous mixture-
A mixture in which different materials can be distinguished.
i.e. Cinnamon and sugar.
Homogeneous mixture-
Contains two or more gases, liquids, or solids that are blended evenly throughout.
e.g. Salt water.
Types of mixtures
1.Solution-
A homogenous mixture of particles so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope and will never settle. e.g. Salt water.
2.Colloid-
A type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in a solution. E.g. homogenized milk, fog, smoke
Mid-size particles that will never settle
Tyndall effect-
The scattering of light by colloid particles.
3.Suspension-
Heterogeneous mixture containing liquid in which visible particles have settled.
Large particles that will settle out.
e.g. oil and water, chocolate milk, paints
Distillation-
The process of separating substances in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor.
Separation using boiling points.
Cover the following on the periodic table! valence electrons, shells, and divisions of the periodic table.
Valence electrons-Electrons in the outermost layer of the atom.
s-shell, d-shell, f-shell, and p-shell
Divisions of the periodic table
A)Metals-Left of the stair steps.
B)Nonmetals-Right of the stair steps.
C)Metalloids(Semimetals.)-Either on the stairs or “hanging” from the stairs, except Aluminum.
List charges across the top.
List Valence electrons across the bottom.
List levels(periods or rows) on the left side.
Filtration-
The process of separating substances in a mixture by size based on a “screen” the particles pass through.
Separation by size of particles.
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