Blank Notes

Unit 3-7 notes pages 172-203

Molecules- group of atoms that are held together by ______________ bonds and act as a __________

Metals =

Good conductors of ______ and electricity that reflect _________ and are solid at room temperature

(metals are also malleable and ___________)

Malleable =

Ability to be hammered or ________ into __________

Ductile =

Ability to be __________ into __________

Metallic Bonding =

Positively charged ______________ ions are surrounded by a cloud of electrons (the electrons can move ___________ through the metal)

*Alkali Metals =

Group ___ on the periodic table; the most ___________metals that are softer than most other metals

Radioactive Element =

An element in which the nucleus ___________ down and _______  _______ particles and energy

(ex. Francium)

*Alkaline Earth Metals =

Group __ on the periodic table; reactive metals that are not readily found in _______

Transition Elements =

Groups ___ through ___ on the periodic table; made up of _______ that can be found in Nature (not as reactive)

*Lanthanides =

______  row of the inner transition metals (named after the element the row follows, Lanthanum) used in motion ___________ industry

*Actinides =

________  row of the inner transition metals (named after the element the row follows, Actinium) radioactive and ___________

Nonmetals =

Elements that usually are ___________ or brittle solids at room temperature; NOT _________ or ductile

Diatomic Molecule =

Consists of _______ atoms of the same element in a ____________ bond

(The diatomic molecules are H-NO-Halogens.)

____= Hydrogen                 ____ = Nitrogen                              ____ = Oxygen

____= Bromine                   ____ = Chlorine                              ____ = Fluorine

____ = Iodine

*Halogens =

Group ____ on the periodic table; _____________ (mostly gases) that are very reactive in their elemental form

(ex. Cl2 = chlorine gas)

Salt =

Term for when a _____________ gains an ____________from a metal

(ex. NaCl = sodium chloride)

Sublimation =

Process of a _________changing directly to a _________ without forming a liquid

(ex. dry ice = carbon dioxide solid à carbon dioxide gas)

*Noble Gases =

Group ____ on the periodic table; gases that exist as isolated atoms; they are _______ and do not react with other elements

(ex. neon, used in lights)

Metalloids =

Can form _____________ and covalent bonds with other elements and can have metallic and

_________________ properties

*Boron Group =

Group ___ on the periodic table; a mixed group including metals and a ___________ (boron)

(ex. aluminum, used to make pop cans)

*Carbon Group =

Group ___ on the periodic table; a mixed group including metals, metalloids, and a nonmetal (carbon)

(ex. silicon, found in _______)

Allotropes =

Different forms of the ______ element that have different molecular ______________

(ex. carbon allotropes = graphite, diamond, and buckminsterfullerene)

Semiconductors =

Elements that conduct an electric ________ under __________ conditions

(ex. germanium and silicon)

* Carbon family:

The family of elements in group ____of the periodic table. (4 valance electron and form a charge of +4 or -4)

*Nitrogen Group =

Group ___ on the periodic table; a mixed group including nonmetals, metalloids, and a metal (___________)These form bonds with a lot of __________!

(ex. nitrogen, used in fertilizers)

*Oxygen Group =

Group ___ on the periodic table; a mixed group including metalloids and __________

(ex. O2 = oxygen gas)

*Synthetic Elements =

Elements ____________ by smashing existing elements with particles accelerated in a ______ ion accelerator

(ex. technetium 43 and promethium 61)

Transuranium Elements =

Elements that have ______ than ____ protons (beyond uranium) these elements are synthetic and unstable

*Naming covalent compounds*

Subscript                 Name

1                                          ____

2                                          ____

3                                          ____

4                                          ____

5                                          ____

6                                          ____

7                                          ____

8                                          ____

9                                          ____

10                                        ____

Naming covalently bonded compounds.

1. List the prefix that indicates the subscript of the first element.

2. Write the name of the first element.

3. List the prefix that indicates the subscript of the second element.

4. Write the name of the second element with the -ide ending.

Ex.

C5Cl8

Pentacarbon Octachloride

Metals usually pose the following characteristics:

1. ____________ Able to be pounded into various shapes and NOT lose strength.

2. ____________ Able to be drawn into a wire.

3. ____________ Reflect light/ shiny appearance.

4. ____________ Able to transmit electricity and heat very readily.

5. ____________ Produce hydrogen gas when mixed with acids (oxidize (rust) in the presence of CuCl2 [copper(ll)chloride].)

Nonmetals usually poses the following characteristics:

1. ____________ Break when hit with a hammer.

2. ____________ Most do NOT reflect light nor appear shiny.

3. ____________ Can NOT be drawn into a wire.

4. ____________ Do NOT transmit heat or electricity.

5. ____________ Do NOT react with acid to form H2 gas or oxidize in CuCl2 [cupric chloride].

•          CALCULATE THE % MASS FOR EACH ELEMENT

A)  Ca (NO3)2

Subscript #   mass

    Ca=>      =   40/ 164 =

N=> *14=     28/164 =

O=>6*  =      96/164=

Total Mass =                 = g/mol

B)  C2N4O

Subscript #   mass

   C=>2*   =        24/ 96 =

  N=> *14=        56/96 =

  O=>        =   16/ 96 =

  Total Mass =                  =  g/mol