Test Key

Unit 3-6 Test pages 153-171                                          NAME__________________________Hr._____

                                                         Multiple Choice/Guess

1._B___      Which layer of the atmosphere absorbs most harmful rays?                                  (100 points)

                     A) Stratosphere.                                      C) Troposphere.

B) Thermosphere.                                        D) Mesosphere.

2._D___      Which layer of the atmosphere has extremely strong winds?

                     A) Ionosphere.                                                    C) Troposphere.

B) Ozone layer.                                           D) Mesosphere.

3._C___      When do gases most likely behave ideally?

                     A) High temperature and high pressure.

                     B) Low temperature and low pressure.

                     C) High temperature and low pressure.

                 D) Low temperature and high pressure.

4.__D__      Which of the following gases has the lowest concentration in the atmosphere?

                     A) Nitrogen                                     C) Oxygen

                     B) Argon                                         D) Carbon dioxide

5.__A__      Which law deals only with temperature and volume?

                     A) Charles' Law                              C) Boyle's Law

                     B) Dalton's Law                              D) Graham's Law

6.__D__      Which is/are true of the kinetic molecular theory?

                     A) The collisions are perfectly elastic.

                     B) Gases are tiny and basically have no mass.

                     C) Gases are in motion, and vary in kinetic energy.

                     D) All of the above are true of the molecular theory.

7.__B__      Which law/principle deals with airplanes and birds flying and landing?

                     A) Charles' Law                              C) Boyle's Law

                     B) Bernoulli’s principle                  D) Archimedes’ principle

8.__A__      Which is/are true of ideal gases?

                     A) The collisions are perfectly elastic.

                     B) Ideal gases have volume.

                     C) Ideal gases have mass.

                     D) All are true of ideal gases.

9.__B__      Standard temperature is:

                     A) 0 o F                                           C) 32 o C

                     B) 273 K                                         D) All the above

10._A___    One mole of any gas basically has ____ for a volume at standard pressure.

                     A) 22.4 L                                        C) 0 L

                     B) 273 L                                          D) 101.3 L.

                                             True or False

11._T___     Increased temperature will give a gas more Kinetic Energy.

12._T___     Most of the universe is plasma.

13._T___     Diffusion is things moving from a high concentration to a low concentration.

14._T___     There are over 100,000 Pascals in 1 atmosphere.

15._T___     Air is most dense near the earth's surface.

16._F___     A pressure cooker allows the food to cook faster because it gets hotter.

17._F___     In the pressure law, the label for pressure is kPa.

18._T___     At absolute zero, there is theoretically no kinetic energy.

19._F___     As the number of particles increases, the pressure increases.

20._T___     The air inside the ship helps it float.

                                             Essays/Problems SHOW ALL WORK FOR THE PROBLEMS

21. Convert the following to standard pressure and calculate the new volume.(Watch the labels!!) (10 points)

A)  800 L  at 202.6 kPa                               B) 400 cm3  at 76 mmHg                            C)  500 ml at 5 atm

800*202.6=101.3(x)                                   400*76=760(x)                                           500*5=1(x)

1600L                                                          40cm3                                                           2500ml

22. Calculate the following volumes at standard temperature.                  (10 points)

A) 600 cm3  at 27.3 K                                 B) 300 cm3 at 546 K                                   C) 800 L  at 2730 K

600/27.3=(x)/273                                        300/546=(x)/273                                         800/2730=(x)/273

6000cm3                                                      150cm3                                                        80L

23. What is the new temperature if the volume is 40 cm3and the old volume was 200 cm3 at 20 K?(3pts)

200/20=40/(x)

4K

24. The following objects have what force pulling on them?                    (6 points)

A) 10 kg                                                                  B) 1000 g

10*10   10*9.8                                                    1000/1000=1 *10  or *9.8

100N or 98N                                                           10N or 9.8N

25. Calculate the volume at STP for: (6 points)

A) 6 moles. (3 points)

6*22.4

134.4L

 B) 0.1 mole (3 points) .1*22.4     2.24L

26. Name four laws/principles discussed in the chapter, and then give an example that demonstrates each one.   Some of these may have been demonstrated in class!!  NOT an equation or math problem! (10 points)

Charles Law=(p.494) At constant pressure, the temperature and volume are directly proportional.

Boyle’s Law=At a constant temperature, the volume and pressure are inversely proportional.

*Daltons Law of Partial Pressures= The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is a result of the individual gas pressures

Grahms’ Law of diffusion=Smaller particles move faster than larger particles.

Archimedes’ principle= The relationship between buoyancy and the weight of the displaced fluid.

Bernoulli’s principle=  The faster a fluid moves, the less pressure it exerts.

27. List three facts about ideal gases, three facts about real gases, then list three gases. (10 points)

                        Real vs. Ideal gases

Real gases                                                     Ideal gases

Form liquids and solids.                            Always stay in gas state.

Have mass.                                        Have no mass.

Occupy space.                                 Atoms take up no space.

Lose energy on contact.                        Have perfectly elastic collisions.

**Real gases behave like Ideal gases at high temperature and low pressure.

28. What is the total atmospheric pressure and the % of each if the air contains 20 KPa O2, 10 KPa Cl2, 15 KPa Ar, and 15 KPa H2O?   (10 points)

20/60* 100 =33% O2                      15/60* 100 =25%Ar

10/60* 100 =16.6%Cl2                   15/60* 100 =25%H2O

29. List five facts from the readings on page 167. (5 points)

30.  List four reasons the atmosphere is so important, list two ways we are damaging the atmosphere, then list why we should be so concerned about all the pollution we are releasing into the atmosphere.  (10 points)

OR

Name four layers of the atmosphere and list one unique quality about each. (10 points) Circle your choice

Layers of the atmosphere

1.        Troposphere=

Layer closest to the Earth. Most dense and contains most of the Earth’s gases.  (Approximately 78 % N2, 21 % O2, and 1 % Ar, plus numerous other gases in trace amounts.)

2.        Stratosphere=

The layer of atmosphere that contains the ozone layer.  This layer is thin, cold until the U.V. light is absorbed, and contains little moisture.(Strato-Sun protection)

3.        Mesosphere=

The coldest layer of the atmosphere and has high winds that reach 320 km/hr.

(Minnesota’s winters-cold and windy.)

4.        Thermosphere =

The uppermost layer of the atmosphere that absorbs most solar radiation.  This layer contains the ionosphere, which absorbs most gamma rays and X-rays. (Hottest layer.)