Physical Science Chapter 9 Energy sources.

*About 85 % of the U.S. energy comes from burning fossil fuels.

Law of conservation of energy=Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed.

Petroleum- A highly flammable liquid formed by decayed ancient organisms, such as microscopic plankton and algae

Fractional distillation-Process of separating hydrocarbons into separate compounds based on molecular size.

Other uses for petroleum

15 % of petroleum is used for nonfuel uses.

Ex. lubricants, asphalt, clothes, plastics, rubber, medications, and many more.

Natural Gas has the most energy/Kg of the fossil fuels.

*Look at charts on p.262 and 263.

Nonrenewable resources- resources that cannot be replaced by natural processes as quickly as they are used

Nuclear reactors- use the energy from controlled nuclear reactions to generate electricity

Nuclear fission-A process of splitting one atom into two smaller atoms.

The risks of nuclear power *  1986 Chernobyl, Ukraine accident killed 28 and impacted 260,000 other people’s health

Nuclear waste- any radioactive by-product that results when radioactive materials are used

N.I.M.B.Y(Not in my back yard)

There are two types of nuclear waste and they are: Low- level waste and High- level waste

Nuclear fusion-The process of combining two atoms into one larger one.  *Occurs on the sun.

Renewable resources- an energy source that is replaced nearly as quickly as it is used

Photovoltaic cell- converts radiant energy from the sun directly into electrical energy

Hydroelectricity- electricity produced from the energy of moving water

Geothermal energy- the thermal energy that is contained in hot magma

Biomass- Renewable organic matter, such as wood, sugarcane fibers, rice hulls, corn, soybeans, and animal manure

PBS video on Fukashema

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRKScRgsUaE

Chernobyl

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pOzJQJ1yAaM

CHERNOBYL vs FUKUSHIMA | which was Worse?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbLKc7f5mww