Blank Notes

Physical Science Chap. 3-6 notes pages 153-171

STP=The standard____________ and ____________.

Standard Pressure= The ____________exerted by the atmosphere at ____________level.

1 ______ (atm)   760 ______   101.3 ____________ (kPa)

Standard temp.=The___________at which water _______.

_______oC  ______oF  or ____ K 

Charles Law=

At constant ________, the _______ and _________are directly proportional.

V1/T1=V2/T2

Temp must be in ____________ for Charles Law!

Boyles Law=

At a constant _______, the ________and _________are inversely proportional.

V1P1=V2P2

Ideal Gas Law  PV = RnT 

 States that all gases at any ________, ______, _______, and # of moles will always equal this number.

Ideal Gas Constant =(R)=8.31 kpal/molk

Combined Gas Law = The combined expressions of the previous gas laws.

N=#OF MOLES

                     P1 * V1 = P2 * V2

                     T1 * N1 = T2 * N2

Avagadro's Hypothesis = Equal _______of gases at the same ________and _________ contain equal # of atoms

At ____ 1 mol  of any gas has _________particles, and occupies a space of ________.

Daltons Law of Partial Pressures= The _______ pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is a result of the individual gas pressures

         PTotal = P1 +P2 +P3

Ex.

What is the total pressure if 40 kpa of O2, 20 kpa of He and 25 kpa of CO2 are in a container?

Kinetic theory- explanation of how ________ in matter ________

Melting point- ________at which a ________begins to ________

Heat of fusion- amount of energy required to change a substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase at its melting point(________ needed ________an object.)

Boiling point- temperature at which the pressure of the vapor in the liquid is equal to the external pressure acting on the surface of the liquid(________ at which a ________changes _ _ ___)

Heat of vaporization- amount of energy required for the liquid at its boiling point to become a gas

(________ needed ________ an object.)

Diffusion=

The tendency of _______and ________to move from a ________ concentration to a low concentration.

*Effusions=

The escape of ________ through tiny  ________  in a container

When two bodies of different masses have the  ________  kinetic energy, the  ________  body moves  ________.

Plasma- matter consisting of positively and negatively  ________  ________

Thermal expansion-  ________  in the size of a substance when the  ________  is increased

Buoyancy- ability of a fluid to exert an  ________   ________ on an object immersed in it

Real vs. Ideal gases

Real gases                                                              Ideal gases

Form ________ and ________.          ________stay in gas state.

Have ________.                                                            Have no ________.

Occupy ________.                                                    Atoms take up ___   _____.

PESSURE= The ________applied to ________ unit of ________ area.

Pressure = ________/________ or P=F/A

Pressure in ________ = Force in ________/________ in m2

Example:

What is the pressure exerted if a force of 10 N is over 20 m2?

P = 10 N/(20 m2)

P = ____ pascals or Pa

1 kPa = ________ Pa

Newton(N)= The ________ commonly used to express________.

At ________ level, for ________kg, there is ________of force acting on the object.

Example:

What is the force on a 20 kg object?

Mass in Kg X  9.8 N/kg

Absolute zero= The ________ point on the ________ scale, at which all ________theoretically stops.

Kinetic energy= The energy produced by the ________of the atoms.

Kinetic molecular theory =Postulates of gas behavior.

1.         Gases consist of tiny ________(atoms or ________)

2.         Gas particles are in ________  ________ motion.

3.         Collisions of gases are________. (Kinetic ______ is not lost when molecules collide.)

4.         At any________, the individual molecules will have ________amounts of _____ energy.

Layers of the atmosphere

1.        ________= Layer closest to the Earth. Most dense and contains most of the Earth’s _____.  (Approximately 78 % N2, 21 % O2, and 1 % Ar, plus numerous other gases in trace amounts.) See table 1 on p. 385.

2.        ________= The layer of atmosphere that contains the ________ layer.  This layer is thin, cold until the ________is absorbed, and contains little ________.

3.        ________= The ________layer of the atmosphere and has high ________ that reach 320 km/hr.

4.        ________ = The upper most layer of the atmosphere that absorbs most ______ radiation.  This layers contains the ________, which absorbs most ____ ____ and _-___.

________ principle= The relationship between ________ and the ________ of the displaced fluid.

________ Property= A property used to ________ and ________substances.

________= The ________created as an object moves through a ________or gas.

________ principle= The ________ a fluid moves, the ________ pressure it exerts.