Category: Environment Design
Genre: Cyberpunk
Locations: Capua, Appian Way and Rome.
Key moments: Crucifixion along the Apian Way and escape from training school in Capua with kitchen equipment
Choosing one of the topics I have decided to go for environment design. Prop design was my second option but I prefer working with environment since it allows me to focus on the surrounding, buildings and explore my creativeness. I also want to develop my skills in this topic which would make it both challenging, interesting and learning. I looked at a couple of speed painting and call out sheets to get a better idea of the environment design process.
The two environment locations I have selected are 1. The crucifixion along the Appian Way and 2. The 78 gladiators escaping from the training school in Capua with kitchen equipment. I will look into locations in Capua, Appain Way and Rome, as the crucifixion was 20 miles long between Rome and Capua. The genre I have been thinking about is cyber punk, although the art contains a lot of neon colours and shades which can be a good concept to get a focal point.
The Third Servile War or called the Gladiator War and the war of Spartacus. The only dangerous was the Third Servile War in Italia in 73 BC and 71 BC, the Roman army lost battles against the slaves who won a few battles. [3] In 71 BC the rebellion collapsed by Marcus Licinius Crassus, Crassus commanded the left side of the Sulla's army at the Battle of the Colline Gate. [4]
Spartacus who was a slave and a gladiator fled from his training school in Capua. In 71 BC a group of 78 gladiators escaped, these men used kitchen equipment to escape from the school. it increased to 120,000 people both men, women and children led by Spartacus. All these 120,000 people wandered throughout Italy, the adults in this mass were a powerful armed force. The armed force could combat such as the Roman military from the local Campanian patrols, Roman militia etc, it was successful until they got defeated by the Roman legion.
It all began due to a rebellion by Spartacus, this event took place in South Italia, Capua. As Spartacus army increased and they defeated several Roman legions, at the end Spartacus got killed. [5] The 6000 survivors were crucified along the Appian Way, the 20 miles long road between Rome and Capua. [6]
Creating different thumbnails both in 2D and 3D, I personally like number 5 and 6. I like the composition in both but prefer number 6. The rule of thirds fits better, and the cross brings the viewers' attention. This also leads the eyes to the long path with several crosses where the end destination is the colosseum. Since the colosseum is a popular sightseeing and is very known, I thought the viewer can easily understand where in the world this takes place.
For the 3D blockout I was mostly experimenting the perspective, I didn't find any of them interesting. After doing some research about environment design, I noticed there were too much going on in the 3D blockouts. This could confuse the viewer where the actual focal point is.
I started off with the mountains at first to get the correct size and positioning before adding the other objects. Following the tutorial there was a mountain displacement map added to the polygon place to create a realistic look for the mountains. Although I might do it later, doing it now might increase the memory that could cause crashing. Importing the mountain displacement map will be very helpful as guidelines later.
Following a tutorial of how to make the gladiator arena. It was a quick and simple tutorial, so I decided to include the details as well. My plan is to make some further changes to it on Photoshop later to suit my chosen genre, cyberpunk. Such as adding lights along the edges to make the building more defined.
Instead of duplicating each cross one by one along the path I created a curve and adjusted the vertices. Afterwards I duplicated special of the number of crosses I wanted, selecting both the cross and the curve.
Going to Modify > Snap Align Objects > Position along curve.
The crosses didn't end up on the curves I wanted, I think it's because I didn't place the pivot point correctly. It's not that big of an issue, all I did was moving both the curve and crosses down to match the pathway. This method was easy and saved so much time.
After receiving feedback, I have decided to start over by repositioning the objects. The left image is the before crucifixion environment I will start over and that I am unhappy with. The composition wasn't right, instead I moved the coliseum to the left side. This creates the rule of thirds and golden triangle. (bottom images). I did start with the overpaint on the older block out but had some issues with the details as I didn't know what to add.
I think starting over and adjusting it will give me better results and learning. Another issue was the scale between the mountain and buildings. Looking at real life references of buildings and mountain, the mountains are much larger than the buildings. This was quite frustrating as nothing went as I wanted, but I’m glad I’m starting over as I will learn from my mistakes and improve my workflow.
I have decided to use the technique photobashing as it's popular among artists to blend photographs together while painting over them. I also think this will give a neat final piece and speed up my process. I have tried photobashing before but never really succeed since I find it very difficult to blend the photographs and paint over it to make it look like my own drawing. Before starting with photobashing I looked at several tutorials of artists work. I think the biggest issue it trying to make the images fit into the painting and make it blend it well. I will be using a soft eraser and a wet brush which blends a lot better, and I will also be using the adjustments settings to fit my environment.
After receiving feedback I changed the mountain above the coliseum to strengthen the focal point. I will also be adjusting the crosses scale and rotation since all of the crosses are pointing towards same direction. Since my environment has a dark mood it's important to have a good depth, at this point the depth looks quite similar everywhere, that's an adjustment I will be doing later on.
The pathway is needs to be wider at the front and thinner further away. At this point everything looks very close. Lastly, receiving the feedback the coliseum wasn't obvious until I mentioned it. I will be using the old coliseum architecture showing the broken part.
Recieving the feedback has improved my environment a lot as the leading lines are much more exaggerated. In this image the mountain has been cut down a bit so it's pointing towards the coliseum. I duplicated the front cross and placed each individually, using the crosses I created leading lines with them as well as the image shows.
Here is my final piece of the crucifixion environment. The process has been quite difficult and I have been having some issues with the depth, perspective, scale etc. The feedback I have received has been extremely useful and I'm happy with my final piece as it's my first time making an environment and photobashing. My first concept and final concept has changed a lot, the composition has been changed, mountain shapes, pathway, crosses and depth, these has added more leading lines to the focal point.
I also changed the shape of the coliseum to give a better explanation it's the coliseum in Rome while the crosses leads its way to the coliseum. With the crucifixion and coliseum together. it explains whats behind the image. The analogous colours are cold colours, the purple shades are in the darker areas and the pink hues brings focus far back. What enhances the focal point is the blue hue which is the complementary colours which brings attention to the main object.
I'm using my 3D objects for my callout sheet as there will be more detail and perspective required. I will also be showing what material the objects are made of to give a better explanation.
Making the thumbnails have been difficult as the shapes are quite simple and there are no material added to show the details, this made the thumbnails look boring. My aim for the shape language was to keep the sharp edges to suit the genre. Through the windows and door, I wanted to include a small part of the gladiator school to show the viewer where it's located.
I like thumbnail 2 and 8, number 2 is because of the placement of the object and depth. But I don't think I will be able to it a purpose since it quite zoomed in. Number 8 shows a larger area of the room, this allows me to show more of the old roman structure added to the objects, wallpapers as example. Then, I liked number 9 as well since the composition is quite similar to number 8.
To get a better idea I did a quick blockout of thumbnail 8 and 9. I added some lightning to get a clearer idea of the tone in kitchen environment. There is a huge difference on the perspectives compared to the thumbnails. Although, I decided to go for thumbnail 8 (left image) since I like the composition as it's not a huge open space compared to thumbnail 9. From thumbnail 9, I liked the hanging shelf as it creates some depth. And I would’ve like to do a smaller environment since the crucifixion environment was quite big.
Following this simple tutorial, I used this method to create a messy carpet and towels. Going into FX mode which allows you to create various effects, in this case I used nCloth. This is a new technique I have tried, this was also a quicker way to create the shaper. However this is an animation, where the plane falls down due to gravity and hits the surface which create the diferent cloth shapes. Each frame gave me different results.
After receiving some feedback, I have done a few changes. I added in a prison cell door on the right side and a padlock laying on the floor. This is to enhance the narrative when the gladiators escaped from the gladiator school.
Once I finished all the objects, I added materials to all objects that will be taken into Keyshot. This is my first time using Keyshot, I thought it would be nice to learn a new software as I will use it for future projects. I had a look into the demo version and experimented a bit, there were a large amount of options which I am satisfied with. I also think I will be downloading other materials from textures.com.
Another small thing I will include are plants using planes, the same method for hair cards. I thought it would be interesting to experiment something different using the same method and what else I could create. This will be a simple UV taken into photoshop as I import a plant image, each plane will be shaped differently inside Maya.
A few issues I came across when importing all the selection was the carpet which disappeared. I think this issue appeared due to the nCloth animation. However, it should have worked since the towels were done with the same method. I fixed the issue by the setting from millimeters to centimeters. For some reason everything was imported as centimeters besides the carpet. Another adjustment I did was rescaling the width of the prison cell door as it was too wide on the sides.
The final render came out decent, there are still a lot of noises such as the table where the light is. Overall, I'm happy how my environment turned out, although I will be doing some adjustment and add in more detail as I think the objects doesn't look very smooth.
I tried following different tutorials to remove noises in Photoshop such as Noise>Reduce noise. This method didn't remove all the noise, it made the image blurrier which reduced the details. For the process I will be using the clone tool, smudge tool etc. This method may take longer but it will give better results.
To improve the environment, I used photo bashing by adding details to the pots, towels, add more lightning etc. I found photobashing useful since the environment is more realistic.
On the left side are a couple of textures I used for the kitchen, most of them are downloaded from Texture.com. For the wall I combined different textures and drew in the yellow lower part. Most of the materials used are from Ketshot (both materials and textures) and textures.com.
The analogous colours creates a calm mood which describes warmth, positive energy and happiness. The story behind it are the gladiators who stole kitchen equipment and escaped from the kitchen in the gladiator school, this can be seen by the open shelves and kitchen cabinet, fallen chair, pad lock laying on the floor and outdoor environment.
For the environment values I wanted to blend the hues together, the brighter areas should draw the eyes attention and I made the corners darker to enhance to focal point. The shapes sort of flattens out since the values are close to each other, but there are a few areas that separates the hues and values such as the prison cell door which is brown, and wall is beige/white.
The composition is the golden triangle, the right smaller triangle on the right side shows the open prison cell door, which is slightly open. As you continue into the larger triangle there should be the padlock on the floor, it might not be noticeable unless you look carefully. The second left triangle also shows the focal point guided by the leading lines, lights, window frames. Putting all these together shows someone has escaped from the kitchen and leading the way outside that shows the gladiator school or gladiator training arena.
For my final environment the results were different than expected, this is because of my thumbnail since my perspective and composition wasn't very good. I would say the kitchen looks like a combination of modern and ancient kitchen, to include the cyberpunk style I added lights around the table, box (behind prison cell door) and arched shelf. The sink, oven, kitchen cabinet, chair and table lights keeps the modern style whilst the old traditional pots, walls and no ceiling or lamps keeps the ancient style. I also wanted to have a different atmosphere that is bright compared to the crucifixon that was dark, as the kitchen atmosphere brings happiness and calmness.
The process has been easier compared to the crucifixion, learning the photobash was the hardest part. I found learning Keyshot for the first time quite easy, I looked at a few beginner tutorials before starting with my environment. It's a well strucutred software and easy to use compared to Substance Painter and Maya. The workflow was quicker as Keyshot made it easy to access the materials, textures and options. The render was very useful as it renders immidiately which shows the reults faster.
There are a few areas I do need to improve on though, I noticed my perspective wasn't accurate which led to different outcome when I made the 3D blockout thumbnail. These mistakes have been improved by reciving the useful feedback to improve both environments, I think this very important as it's a way to improve your art piece a lot. And during the whole process there has been so many changes along the way, it has been frustrating but it's a way for me to improve and get better.
For this brief I choose to do environment design, I didn’t find prop design or narrative design as interesting as environment since it allows me to be more creative and I’m not good with characters. Reaching the final pieces of the crucifixion and kitchen, I have learnt how to use photo bashing and Keyshot for the first time, and other software's such as Maya shortcuts and tutorials. The best way I learnt was to begin looking at tutorials to get a better understanding of different techniques and then get into a new software. I would definitely use Keyshot and photobashing again, I personally think I my workflow was smoother with these methods.
For the crucifixion I would say I managed to achieve the cyberpunk genre by using the dark tones and using the strong neon colours which creates a focal point. The kitchen was more modern and ancient as I wanted to enhance the narrative in the environment, I added a few led lights to keep the genre. Throughout the process I was using the same method by drawing 2D concepts, thumbnails and eventually do 3D block out of the chosen thumbnails to get an accurate perspective. Perspective was one of the areas I struggled with, using the 3D block out was extremely helpful and is a good way to combine with photobashing. It also showed where the shadows and lightning would hit the buildings as example.
At the beginning I didn’t understand the reason of style guides and callout sheets. When reaching the final environments, it made my workflow smoother and easier. Such as amount of details, tone, reference images, materials, textures etc. I found it helpful when I felt unsure or forgot how much details I wanted for the environments.
I received lots of feedback which improved my final environments. I changed the composition, depth, scale, rotation, objects shapes etc to strengthen the focal point. As example my issue was the scaling with pathway in the crucifixion, it had the same width the whole way, this made the distance between the buildings and front cross look close to each other. The coliseum didn’t look like the coliseum as I made it in a cyberpunk style, instead I changed it to the original coliseum and added in some neon lights. And for the kitchen I got suggested to maybe add in a prison door cell and padlock to enhance the meaning behind the image. By starting over and taking the feedback as something positive, I also learnt which areas are my weaker side. Doing the second environment helped me to use the feedback from my first environment what to keep in mind so I knew what to focus more on. I also found what kind of work process I prefer, such as 3D over 2D when doing the thumbnails because of the perspective and easier guidelines where I could use wireframes. I’m happy with the two final environments, although I think I managed to get a better composition in the crucifixion as I have more leading lines. But I like the final piece of the kitchen more because of the tone and results came out better as it was my second environment where I had a better idea how to use different techniques.
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