Common aesthetic qualities:
brightly coloured hair and accessories, set against black leather
lots of studs, pins and chains - much of the look is DIY
art tends to consist of a 'patchwork' of elements, such as words cut from newspapers
anti-mainstream
Cultural context:
began in 1970's, believed to have originated in the UK (Sklar, 2013)
DIY was a way of rejecting consumerism and 'sticking it' to big corporations (Moran, 2010)
Embedded in politics and social issues
Primary aim of Punk is to disrupt the status quo (Worley, 2017)
Emerged as a response to the dismal economic situation in the UK in the 70’s, and was an outlet for the frustrations felt by young people at the time (Hebdige, 1981)
Was a way of rebelling against the conservative mainstream, and remains a fierce rejection of consumer culture (Moore, 2004)
D.I.Y. - sense of achievement from creating/cultivating something from scratch, “without the interference of major corporations” - determine own identity according to own rules
Punks are drawn together by the need to belong amidst their own - often feel like outsiders (Moran, 2010)
social capital is the principle of 'who you know, not what you know' - it is about fostering connections and achieving/maintaining status by networking (Thornton, 2005)
social capital can be an avenue of establishing a different set of rules and taboos that hold weight within the subculture
Hebdige, D. (1981). Subculture : The meaning of style. Taylor & Francis Group. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/sae/reader.action?docID=169053#
Moore, R. (2004). Postmodernism and Punk Subculture: Cultures of Authenticity and Deconstruction. The Communication Review, 7(3), 305–327. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714420490492238
Moran, I. P. (2010). Punk: The Do-It-Yourself Subculture. Social Sciences Journal Social Sciences Journal, 10(1). https://westcollections.wcsu.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.12945/2257/stamped.pdf?sequence=3
Sklar, M. (2013). Punk Style. In Google Books. A&C Black. https://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=1bfwAAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=origins+of+punk+subculture&ots=R8xtIEXFrp&sig=f7gotaVnrklImT_7RGrq7pMG_hQ#v=onepage&q=origins%20of%20punk%20subculture&f=false
Thornton, S. (2005). The social logic of subcultural capital (1995). In K. Gelder (Ed.), The subcultures reader (2nd ed.) (pp. 184-192). Routledge.
Worley, M. (2017). No Future: Punk, Politics and British Youth Culture, 1976–1984. In Google Books. Cambridge University Press. https://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=jD41DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR8&dq=punk+culture&ots=8hYff0DkQs&sig=QZW8A_ivpl2T3F-Jzq3HGnObpoM#v=onepage&q=punk%20culture&f=false