Counties: Northumberland, Durham, Cumbria, Yorkshire (N-S-E-W), Lancashire, Greater Manchester, Cheshire, Merseyside
Refer wikipedia :
Cumberland is a historic county with an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974. It bordered Northumberland to the east, County Durham to the southeast, Westmorland and Lancashire to the south, and Dumfriesshire in Scotland to the north.
SUNDERLAND was a locational name 'of Sunderland' (de Sunderland), a seaport parish in County Durham. so also, Marlow, Boyd, Stormont, Bloomfield were locations in Northern Ireland.
The bulk of surnames in England were formed in the 13th and 14th centuries. The process started earlier and continued in place names into the 19th century, but the norm is that in the 11th century people did not have surnames, whereas by the 15th century they did.
During the Middle Ages, when people were unable to read or write, signs were needed for all visual identification. Streets in Britain were filled with signs for public houses, tradesmen and residences and there were no numbered houses; an address was a descriptive phrase that made use of a convenient landmark.
Names of relatives were passed down over generations and in Victorian times the names of prominent people were also adopted eg. Prince Albert.
Summary of Northern' Carver research
(Reverend) variously titled / Captain John Carver appears to have been an English agent (factor) involved in the African slave trade and in shipping African people to the Carribean and was granted rights as a shareholder/proprietor of a lease of a (gold) mine and sugar plantations in Vere and Clarendon, Jamaica (Whitney and Rymesbury in Clarendon and New Yarmouth in Vere).
Sources: British History Online: Gold leases awarded
1703, March 27. Royal warrant to the Attorney General for a great seal for a grant of royal mines in Jamaica to Thomas Handasyde, Lieut. Governor of Jamaica, Peter Beckford senr., Henry Lowe, Charles Chaplain, Charles Long, Samuell Lovell, John Carver, John Livesay, Peter Beckford junr., John Gardner and Charles Gandy, inhabitants of Jamaica ; viz. all mines of gold and silver and all royal mines whatsoever for 31 years from date hereof at a rent of one-fifth of the net yearly product thereof. Queen's Warrant Book XXII, pp. 5-6.
"Without the forts, and their officials, the English trade might have been less able to compete with other slavers". John Carver (circa. 1660-1724), Royal Africa Company factotum / Chief, Fort Arda, (1684-1711)
....they maybe an ancestor of the highwayman Benjamin Carver and as such could be an adopted person. John Carver has been omitted in this text however, his life and heirs were explored in depth and his story written up in separate notes.
2.1 - Viscount William Ward married Julia Bosville
2.2 - John William Earl of Dudley Castle
John Carver married Mary (Warner or Cooke) and his second wife was also named Mary and of Jamaica. John Carver senior died in 1724 (parish of St George, Hanover Square) and his Will records he bequeaths his estate to his widow Mary and surviving three daughters Mary, Grace and Elizabeth and formerly to only son John. His heirs married into the gentry of the English Midlands.
He was succeeded by his only son, born in Clarendon, Jamaica in 1714. A person of the same name John Carver died in 1742. It appears that either this John or a son of a later generation, married Elizabeth Marguerite de Guiry, Baronne de Leuvriest. His titles included Baron de Kerver, Britanique and he died in 1753 in Chettle, Dorset, England.
Lady Mary Carver, half sibling of John married John Ward, Viscount of Dudley and Ward; Their children included:
Elizabeth Carver, spinster of St James Westminster
Grace Carver, married Robert Barber esq of Ashmore, Dorset, England.
In 1754 , the will of John Carver (Baron de Kerver, Britanique) was contested by a 12 year old boy represented in and pleaded via the Court of Chancery; Six Clerks Office: The contestant's name was John Carver alias de Guire de la Chapelle, a boy born about 1742 in Jamaica, West Indies and the plea referenced in C 11/1671/12, Description: Short title: Lord Ward v Carver. Document type: Bill and answer.
Regarding the will of John Carver,1 esq. deceased, (late of St George the Martyr (QUEEN SQUARE, GREAT ORMOND STREET) and formerly of Jamaica, West Indies), the inheritance of whom went to his son John, and on his death, to his three sisters - Lady Mary wife of Baron Ward of Birmingham and Staffordshire, her sister's Elizabeth and Grace wife of Robert Barber of Ashmore in Dorset.
Plaintiffs:
John [Ward] Baron Ward of Birmingham, Staffordshire and
Mary [Ward] Lady Ward his wife,
Elizabeth Carver, spinster of St James Westminster and
Robert Barber, esq of Ashmore, Dorset and
Grace Barber nee Carver his wife,
Reference "Legacies of British Slave Ownership" Note: The John Carver of St George the Martyr whose will was proved 24/07/1724 bequeathed property and enslaved people in Jamaica to his son John Carver, and also named a daughter Mary Carver among his daughters (to each of whom he left £4000): this was presumably the father of Mary Lady Viscountess Dudley and Ward and the origin of her slave-ownership in Jamaica.
Sources: PROB 11/1091/319; will of John Carver of St George the Martyr PROB 11/598/396.
The Gentleman's Magazine. 1788:- The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle, Volume LVIII
https://books.google.com.au › books
Sylvanus Urban · 1788 4, 1744-5, wedded Mary, daughter and heir of John Carver, esq. of St. George, Hanover-square; and by her had two sons, the Hon. Humble Ward, who died an infant, and the Hon. Wm. Ward (now living ...
John Carver, Archdeacon of Surrey: The Ven John Carver, MA (1741 – 1814) was an Anglican Archdeacon.
Life: Carver's father John Carver, of Westminster, was an illegitimate son of John Carver of St' George's, Hanover Square; whose daughter and heiress Mary married John Ward, 1st Viscount Dudley and Ward, as his second wife.[1][2]. Carver was educated at Oriel College, Oxford, where he matriculated in 1759.[ 1] He held livings at Dudley, Himley, Hartlebury and Kingswinford; and was Archdeacon of Stafford from 1769 to 1782, and of Surrey from 1795 until his death on 1 August 1814.[3] His daughter Elizabeth Carver married as his second wife, and survived, Charles Peter Layard.[2][4][5]
Notes
s:Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Carver, John: Carver, John, s. John, of Westminster, arm. Oriel Coll., matric. 18 May, 1759, aged 18.
Collins, Arthur; Brydges, Sir Egerton (1812). Peerage of England. F.C. and J. Rivington [and others]. pp. 278 and note n. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
"Carver, John (CRVR770J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
"Layard, Charles Peter (LRT766CP)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
"Kindred Britain, Elizabeth Carver". Stanford University. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
and his daughter Mary, aka Lady Dudley and Ward, plantation owners and mining shareholders of the Caribbean.