Britain

~ "In England, everything is serious but we never lose hope" ~

In England, Civil Registration of births, marriages and deaths began in 1837, key events in a person’s life were previously and typically recorded by the Church.

Countries occupied by trading companies and armies of the British Empire in retrospect provide much acerbic criticism when reviewing the impact of decisions made by colonial authorities; Analysts today can be well informed, thanks to excellent research and documentation available, regarding British administrative processes, historical events together with reports regarding those influential persons involved in the parliament and professional service. It is worthwhile considering the contested contributions made by practitioners of all persuasions, on issues presented for decision to authorities under the Westminster system of Government.

The story of Britain's colonial past is interwoven with the history of an "Inglorious Empire*" driven by the Monarchs and Parliaments of England. From the 16th-20th century, the Crown developed a monopoly of trade across one third of the globe and moved the accumulated riches gained thereby, into industries, supported by colonial expansion in Ireland, America, Africa, India, Canada, the Caribbean, New Zealand, Australia, Indonesia and a selection of Pacific Islands.

Imperialist expansion policy began with experimentation in plantations, first exercised in Ireland, the Caribbean and in India and followed up in eastern Australia. Labour was drawn from indigenous peoples which was soon exhausted so schemes unfolded with Irish dissidents, slavery under a Royal African Company's Charter and penal settlement in New South Wales and Van Dieman's Land providing a workforce for building and servicing an economy based on exploiting foreign resources and in Australia began with the growing of wool through introduction of sheep from the Cape.

Australia story is one of labour and ideas, of individual merchants working with entrepreneurial associates in shipping and trade, commercial enterprise, authority and power and everywhere under Whitehall, a sanctioned policy of 'divide et impera". This militant approach ".. disrupted the existing social organisation of States developed and unleashed aggressive competitive interplay for market share, suited to the seafaring countries, namely: Holland (Dutch), Portugal, Spain and France. The period of World trade marked competitive exploration and in the annals of history was the foundation for our Modern world and formative to our Post modern epoch.

"What is all Knowledge too, but recorded Experience, and a product of History; of which, therefore, Reasoning and Belief, no less than Action and Passion, are essential materials.

"Quote: Thomas Carlyle - On History: