[BC17-05]マイコンLED砂時計

マイコンを使って、決められた時間が経つとブザが鳴るタイマ。

使用部品

ブレッドボード

PICマイコン PIC12F1822P

カーボン抵抗器 150Ω （茶緑茶金）

LED

圧電ブザ

バッテリスナップ

電池ボックス（単３×３本用）

※プログラムを書き込んだ後には、一度５本のケーブルを外し、電源を入れ直す必要がある。

最初にLEDが数回点滅し、ブザが鳴る。

次に、センサを触ると、3分間LEDが点滅し、３分経過するとブザが鳴る。

（1ファイル版）bc17-05-1file-led-timer-capsensor-pic12f1822.zip

（分割ファイル版）bc17-05-led-timer-capsensor-pic12f1822.zip

以下は分割ファイル版のコード

File: user_def.h

/*

 * User customizing Definition

*/

#define FIRSTFLASHBLINK 1 // When system boot, First flash "FIRSTFLASH" times blink

#define TIMELIMIT 180L // Time limitation 3 minutes (180sec.)

File: main_led_timer_capsensor_12f1822.c

/*

 * target device : PIC12f1822

 * XC8 compiler

 * I/O

 *  ( INPUT )

 *  PIN7 : RA0 / CPS3 : Capacitive Sensing Module

 *  ( OUTPUT )

 *  PIN3 :  RA4 : Buzzer

 *  PIN5 :  RA2 : LED : 1=ON, 0=OFF

*/

#include <xc.h>

#include "kaimu_config.h"

#include "kaimu_io.h"

#include "capsensor.h"

#include "kaimu_timer0.h"

#include "kaimu_interrupt.h"

#include "kaimu_sound.h"

#include "user_def.h"

void wait(volatile unsigned long t)

// Delay

while(t-- > 0) NOP();

volatile unsigned long T0Counter;

void main(void) {

    int i;

    initIo();

    initCPSV();

    initTimer0();

    // first flash

    for ( i = 0; i < FIRSTFLASHBLINK * 2; i++ ) {

        led();

        wait(20000);

    // first sound

    bootBeep();

    while (1) {

        if (isTouch(0)) {

            startBeep();

            while (isTouch(0)); // wait until pad untouched

            ledOn();

            T0Counter = 0L;

            while (T0Counter < T0UNIT * TIMELIMIT) {

                led(); wait(100 + (T0UNIT * TIMELIMIT - T0Counter) * 10);

            alarmBeep();

        } else {

            ledOff();

File : kaimu_config.h

/*

 * Configuration Bit

 *  for pic12f1822

*/

// Configuration 1

#pragma config FOSC     = INTOSC   // Internal Clock

#pragma config WDTE     = OFF      // NO Watchdog timer

#pragma config PWRTE    = ON       // Program start at Power on after 64ms

#pragma config MCLRE    = OFF      // No Ext Reset, Enable RA3 input pin

#pragma config CP       = OFF      // No Code protect

#pragma config CPD      = OFF      // No Data Protect

#pragma config BOREN    = ON       // Brown out enable

#pragma config CLKOUTEN = OFF      // CLKOUT as RA4

#pragma config IESO     = OFF      // No Internal External clock

#pragma config FCMEN    = OFF      // No FCM

// Configuration 2

#pragma config WRT    = OFF        // No Write Protect

#pragma config PLLEN  = OFF        // No PLL

#pragma config STVREN = ON         // Reset on Stack over / under flow

#pragma config BORV   = HI         // Watch Voltage drop (2.5V = HI)

#pragma config LVP    = OFF        // No Low Voltage Programming

File : kaimu_io.h

/*

 * I/O port control macros.

 * Target device : PIC12F1822

*/

#define led() ( RA2 ^= 1)

#define ledOff() ( RA2 = 0)

#define ledOn() ( RA2 = 1)

#define buz() ( RA4 ^= 1 )

void initIo(void);

File : kaimu_io.c

/*

 * I/O port settings

 * Target device : PIC12F1822

*/

#include <xc.h>

void initIo(void)

// Initialize I/O ports

    OSCCON = 0b01111010; // PLL disable, 16MHz internal clock

GIE = 1; //Interrupt enable

    ANSELA = 0b00000001;         // RA0 analog port, others digital port

    CM1CON0 = 0x00;     //Comparator disable

// 76543210

TRISA = 0b00001001; //I/O Direction. RA1245:output, RA03 : input

LATA = 0b00000000; // PORTA Latch Settings

File : capsensor.h

/*

 * Capacitive Sensing Module

 * Target device : PIC12F1822

*/

void cps_wait(volatile unsigned long );

void initCPSV(void);

int isTouch(unsigned int );

File : capsensor.c

/*

 * Capacitive Sensing Module

 * Target device : PIC12F1822

*/

#include <xc.h>

#include "capsensor.h"

void cps_wait(volatile unsigned long t)

// Delay

while(t-- > 0) NOP();

volatile unsigned int CPSV[4]; // Capacitive Sensing parameter Threshold value for CPS0,1,2,3

#define CPSPERIOD 10 // Capacitive sensing Counting period

void initCPSV(void)

// Initialize Touch ON/OFF threshold value to 95% of Initial CPS value

    volatile unsigned int i;

    unsigned int cpsv0;

    // CaPacitive Sensing settings

    CPSCON0 = 0b00001000; // Oscillator is in Medium Range. Charge/Discharge Current is nominally 1.2uA

    // Timer1 settings

    T1CON   = 0b11000001 ; // TIMER1 clock source is CAPOSC. Prescaler 1:1, TIMER1 ON

    TMR1H   = 0 ;          // Initialize TIMER1

    TMR1L   = 0 ;

    PEIE    = 1 ;          // Peripheral Interrupt Enable

    GIE     = 1 ;          // General Interrupt Enable

    CPSON   = 1 ;          // CPS module ON

    for (i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {

        CPSON = 0; // CPS module off

        CPSCON1 = i; // CPS channel 0,1,2,3 select.

        CPSON = 1; // CPS module on

        TMR1H = 0; TMR1L = 0; // Initialize TIMER1

        cps_wait(CPSPERIOD);

        cpsv0 = (TMR1H<<8) + TMR1L; // Get CPS Counted value

        CPSV[i] = (unsigned int)((float)cpsv0 * 0.95); // When pad is touched, under 95% of initial value

int isTouch(unsigned int padno)

// Touch Sensor using Capacitive Sensing module

// RETURN VALUE:

//   0  : Pad is NOT touched.

//   -1 : Pad is TOUCHED.

    unsigned int v; // CPS module output value

    int touched;

    CPSON = 0; // CPS module off

    if (padno > 3) {

        return 0; // Invalid port no

    } else {

        CPSCON1 = padno; // CPS channel 0,1,2 select.

    CPSON = 1; // CPS module on

    TMR1H = 0; TMR1L = 0; // Initialize TIMER1

    cps_wait(CPSPERIOD);

    v = (TMR1H<<8) + TMR1L; // Get CPS Counted value

    if (v < CPSV[padno]) {

        touched = -1;

    } else {

        touched = 0;

    return touched;

File : kaimu_timer0.h

/*

 * Timer0 functions prototype

 * Target device : PIC12F1822

*/

#define T0UNIT 61 // Timer0Counter about 1sec ( 1 / (1 / ((Clock 16MHz / 4) / prescaler 256) * 256)

void initTimer0(void);

FIle : kaimu_timer0.c

/*

 * Timer0 setting function

 * Target device : PIC12F1822

 *  XC8Compiler

*/

#include <xc.h>

void initTimer0(void)

    TMR0 = 0x00; // Initialize TIMER0

    TMR0CS = 0; //Internal instruction cycle clock (FOSC/4)

    PSA = 0; //Prescaler is assigned to the Timer0 module

    PS2 = 1; PS1=1; PS0 = 1; // Prescaler Rate Select bits set 1:256

    TMR0IE = 1; // Timer0 Intterupt Enable

    PEIE = 1;

    GIE =1;

File : kaimu_sound.h

/*

 * Sound functions prototype

*/

void sound_wait(volatile unsigned long );

void bootBeep(void);

void startBeep(void);

void alarmBeep(void);

File : kaimu_sound.c

/*

 * Sound functions

 *  for XC8 compiler

*/

#include <xc.h>

#include "kaimu_io.h"

#include "kaimu_sound.h"

void sound_wait(volatile unsigned long t)

// Delay

while(t-- > 0) NOP();

void bootBeep(void)

    volatile unsigned int i, j;

    for ( i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

        for (j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {

            buz();

            sound_wait(10);

        sound_wait(10000);

void startBeep(void)

    volatile unsigned int j;

    for (j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {

        buz();

        sound_wait(10);

void alarmBeep(void)

    volatile unsigned int i, j;

    for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) {

        for ( j = 0; j < 4000; j++) {

            buz();

            sound_wait(8);

        for ( j = 0; j < 2000; j++) {

            buz();

            sound_wait(16);

File : kaimu_interrupt.h

/*

 * Interrupt

 * Target device : PIC12F1822

 * XC8 compiler

*/

void interrupt isr(void);

File : kaimu_interrupt.c

/*

 * Interrupt function

 * Target device : PIC12F1822

 * XC8 compiler

*/

#include <xc.h>

#include "kaimu_interrupt.h"

extern volatile unsigned long T0Counter; // declare in main_***.c

void interrupt isr(void)

// When Interrupt catched ...

    if (TMR0IF) {

        // Timer0 Interruption

        TMR0IF = 0; // Clear Timer0 Interrupt Flag

        TMR0 = 0; // Clear Timer1 counter

        T0Counter++;

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