This experiment works by pouring methylated spirits onto cotton balls, then pouring different salts onto it, to give it different colours, and then setting it on fire. The diagram that I made below ⬇️ shows how different salts added to the fire make different colours.
In simple, fire creates heat, which creates vibration, which makes exes electrons get thrown out, and we see this in the form of light. Different salts have different amounts of electrons, and and we are able to see this as different colours.
Colour Flames with salts
This is just the script we used for the busk off, but it explains the science:
Welcome to the sparkly cotton ball experiment. This experiment demonstrates oxidization as well as complete and incomplete combustion reactions.
What we have here are cotton balls, methylated spirits, zinc and iron metals as powders and an ignition source (matches) (show).
What we are going to do is soak the cotton ball in meths
Here we have some small amounts of each metal powder which Flynn will roll the ball in making it pick up some of the powders
So there are three reactions at play here.
The Meths burning
The Cotton ball burning
And The metals rapidly oxidising
The combustion of methylated spirits is what is known as a complete combustion reaction. This is because the only products are CO2 and H2O.
Here is the balanced equation for the combustion of methylated spirits: 2CH3OH + 3O2→2CO2+4H2O.
Next
The cotton ball is also burning, but it is not a complete combustion reaction so it creates other products in the form of ashes, smoke and the charred remains
The final part of this is the metals burning. Both of the metals when heated become significantly more reactive with the oxygen in the atmosphere. This causes them to oxidise rapidly which we see as light.
Make cotton balls spark as they burn
Things needed:
Teabags
Matches
Heatproof surface
Method:
Empty teabags and remove strings
Stand teabags upright on top of a heatproof surface
Set fire to the top
Watch the tea bag fly up
Send teabags into the air