LESSON OBJECTIVES
State that the Earth has an infinite amount of fresh water.
Identify the different sources of water.
SUCCESS CRITERIA
The learners are able to:
Describe the differences between surface and groundwater.
DISCUSSION
The hydrosphere or the liquid water part of the earth, which is also called “water sphere,” covers about 70% of its surface.
It includes the oceans, seas, lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, and falls which are the home for many plants and animals. It is always in motion, just like the air. It also exists below the ground as groundwater, and some of it is stored as glaciers and snow in the polar regions.
Water, generally, is one of the most important substances on Earth. Plants, animals, and humans must have and use water to survive. If there is no water, there would be no life on Earth.
Water is a natural resource available in any living community. Most of us receive our water supply from water treatment facilities and water towers.
When we receive water by way of pipes or wells, we should be aware that these are just distribution mechanisms instead of sources.
So where does water really come from?
SOURCES OF WATER
Rainwater
Rainwater is a major component of the water cycle. It is responsible in depositing most of the freshwater on Earth. Rainwater is collected or deposited on Earth in the form of surface water and underground water. It provides suitable conditions for different types of ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric plants and for crop irrigation.
Surface Water
Water present on Earth’s surface is found in different forms: the oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds, streams, and falls. These are called surface water. There are two types of surface water: salt and fresh water.
Salt Water
Water from the oceans and the seas is classified as salt water. These saltwater sources are beneficial to humans such as for traveling and maintaining natural cycles. On the other hand, salt water is not useful for drinking; consuming it can actually harm humans.
Fresh Water
The water in rivers, lakes, streams, and falls is fresh water. The majority of it is stored in the form of glaciers and ice caps. An ice cap is a miniature sheet of ice found at high elevation, such as in the peaks of mountains.
Underground Water
Some of the rainwater seeps through the soil and stored into the nonporous rock layer below the ground. This is called underground water.
Sometimes, due to high pressure, this water spurts out in the form of springs. This type of water source can be obtained by digging wells and sinking tube wells.
Underground water is also an important source of irrigation water. Since it is deposited below the ground, it must be lifted or pumped before it can be used.
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REAL LIFE APPLICATION
The learners are able to appreciate the importance of water in our daily lives.
CROSS CURRICULAR LINK
Values - Appreciation of the importance of water in our daily lives.
EVALUATION
Write down ways on how to conserve water.
What are the different sources of water?
What are the uses of water?