Radarhoved Skagen
Radarhoved Skagen
Den første radarstation i Skagen blev oprettet allerede i december 1940. Det drejede sig om en tysk kystradarstation, som var placeret helt ude på Grenen.
Radarstationen blev oprindeligt anlagt af Luftwaffe under besættelsen og var klar til indsats 15. juli 1942. Efter befrielsen oprettede Flyvevåbnet en radarstation på stedet, hvor dele af den tyske infrastruktur, blandt andet bunkers blev genbrugt.
Da Flyverkommandoen i 1952 skulle træffe beslutning om placeringen af de radarstationer, man forventede at få som våbenhjælp fra U.S.A., blev det hurtigt klart, at en realistisk mulighed i Nordjylland ville være Skagen.
Skagen radar head
The first radar station in Skagen was established as early as December 1940. It was a German coastal radar station located at the very tip of Grenen.
The radar station was originally built by the Luftwaffe during the occupation and was ready for action on July 15, 1942. After liberation, the Air Force set up a radar station on the site, reusing parts of the German infrastructure, including bunkers.
When the Air Force Command in 1952 had to decide on the location of the radar stations expected to be received as weapons aid from the U.S., it quickly became clear that a realistic option in North Jutland would be Skagen.
Den 24. november 1952 kunne man i Skagens Avis læse:
“Efter hvad Skagens Avis erfarer, vil Skagen i nær Fremtid blive Garnisonsby, idet Luftvaabnet paatænker at stationere 100 specialuddannede Soldater i Skagen med det formaal at udbygge Radar nettet omkring Grenen, der derefter vil komme til at danne et uundværligt led i hele Lufttrafikken. «
Tre år senere var det en kendsgerning - Flyverkommandoen havde nemlig bestemt, at Flyverdetachement Skagen skulle oprettes pr. 15. januar 1956.
Og i Skagens Avis kunne man læse:
“I dag ankom fra Flyvestation Aalborg 30 mand af den styrke på hundrede, som i fremtiden skal stationeres i Skagen. De er foreløbig indkvarteret på Hotel Højengran som skulle huse soldaterne til kasernen bliver færdig næste år. Soldaterne vil komme til at præge bybilledet og vil sikkert blive modtaget med venlighed af skagboerne, en venlighed som i hvert fald hos det svage køn vil grænse til begejstring. Hæren vil sikkert blive nødt til at tage defensiven i dette tilfælde!” Ja tænk, sådan skrev man i 1956.
På en omvisning i 2020 på Skagen Radarstation fortæller omviser J. Nitzsch om radaren:
”På tidligere radarer kunne man kun se retningen af fly, derefter brugte man højdemåler for at bestemme flyets højde. I dag er radaren 3-dimensionel og kan bedømme højde, afstand og retning.
I dag er der kun én radar, men tidligere var der flere, som nu er nedrevet på foranledning af fredningsmyndighederne.
Radaren er italiensk med 5 års leveringstid – i øvrigt samme leverandør som IC4 togene!
Vi har i 2011 tre radarhoveder i Danmark – Skagen, Bornholm og Skrydstrup i Sønderjylland, som Flyvevåbnets Air Control Wing (ACW) driver. De kan dække hinanden i tilfælde af reparation. Alle melder ind til Karup.
Tidligere var der omkring 150 ansatte i Skagen, hvor der også var en stor kaserne. Disse arbejdspladser er nu i Karup.
Radaren holder øje med alle fly – rutefly som har flyplaner, fly som via transponder giver sig til kende og fly som ikke giver sig til kende, ofte russiske fly.
Radaren i tårnet dækker det sydlige Norge, det vestlige Sverige, det meste af Danmark, Nordsøen og det nordligste af Tyskland.
Der er stationeret to F16 fly i Karup til afvisningsberedskab. Russerne prøver ofte grænserne af – flyver for eksempel tæt på Bornholm.
Ofte kun venskabelig afvisning – ikke nogen konflikt indtil videre.
Et radarhoved er en dansk betegnelse for en radarstation med en stor søgeradar til overvågning af nationalt luftrum.
I Skagen er det en stationær radar – 11 x 7 meter, vejer 7 tons og kører 24/7. Den skal være meget nøjagtigt afbalanceret, idet en millimeters hældning kan blive til rigtigt meget på 100 km afstand.
Kuplen er af glasfiber og felterne er i forskellige former, næsten ingen er ens. Dette er med til af forstærke konstruktionen. Dækket befinder sig 22 m.o.h. og kuplen ca. 28 m.
Anvender stadig tysk bunker med 3 meter tykke mure og er atomsikret. Der holdes en konstant temperatur på 22-23 grader i lokalet.”
OM AIR CONTROL WING
Air Control Wing (ACW) er en geografisk spredt operativ myndighed i Flyvevåbnet med satellitenheder placeret rundt om i Danmark (Skagen, Skrydstrup, Kastrup og Bornholm) med hovedsæde på Flyvestation Karup.
Døgnet rundt, året rundt, overvåger, kontrollerer og indsætter vi fly til afvisning af krænkelser i dansk luftrum – samt bidrager til gennemførelse af luftoperationer i både nationalt og internationalt regi.
Radarhoved Skagen er en del af ACW, og er en lille spændende arbejdsplads i stadig forandring og udvikling. Vi er en del af et netværk af radarhoveder, der leverer luftrumsinformationsbilleder til operationscenteret i Karup, for derigennem at sikre en konstant overvågning af det danske luftrum.
Henvisninger:
http://www.nyluftvet.dk/415588325
https://www.yumpu.com/da/document/read/43950831/finn-westergaard-forsvarskommandoen side 48-51
On November 24, 1952, the Skagens Avis newspaper stated:
"According to what Skagens Avis has learned, Skagen will in the near future become a garrison town, as the Air Force plans to station 100 specially trained soldiers in Skagen with the purpose of expanding the radar network around Grenen, which will then become an indispensable link in the entire air traffic. "
Three years later it was a fact - the Air Force Command had decided that the Skagen Flying Detachment was to be established as of January 15, 1956.
And in the Skagen newspaper you could read:
"Today, 30 men of the 100-strong force that will be stationed in Skagen in the future arrived from Aalborg Air Force Station. For the time being, they are accommodated at Hotel Højengran, which will house the soldiers until the barracks are completed next year. The soldiers will characterize the townscape and will certainly be received with friendliness by the people of Skagen, a friendliness that will border on enthusiasm, at least among the weaker sex. The army will probably have to take the defensive in this case!" Imagine, that's what they wrote in 1956.
On a tour of Skagen Radar Station in 2020, tour guide J. Nitzsch talks about the radar:
"On earlier radars, you could only see the direction of the aircraft, then you used an altimeter to determine the altitude of the aircraft. Today, radar is 3-dimensional and can judge altitude, distance and direction.
Today there is only one radar, but in the past there were several, which have now been demolished by the preservation authorities.
The radar is Italian with a 5-year delivery time - incidentally the same supplier as the IC4 trains!
In 2011 we have three radar heads in Denmark - Skagen, Bornholm and Skrydstrup in Southern Jutland, operated by the Air Force Air Control Wing (ACW). They can cover each other in case of repair. All report to Karup.
Previously, there were about 150 employees in Skagen, where there was also a large barracks. These jobs are now in Karup.
The radar keeps an eye on all aircraft - scheduled flights that have flight plans, aircraft that report via transponder and aircraft that do not report, often Russian aircraft.
The radar in the tower covers southern Norway, western Sweden, most of Denmark, the North Sea and northernmost Germany.
Two F16 aircraft are stationed in Karup for interceptor readiness. The Russians often test the borders - flying close to Bornholm, for example.
Often only friendly rejection - no conflict so far.
A radar head is a Danish term for a radar station with a large search radar for surveillance of national airspace.
In Skagen, it is a stationary radar - 11 x 7 meters, weighs 7 tons and runs 24/7. It must be very accurately balanced, as a millimeter tilt can add up to a lot at a distance of 100 km.
The dome is made of fiberglass and the fields are in different shapes, almost no two are the same. This helps to reinforce the construction. The deck is 22 meters above sea level and the dome about 28 meters.
Still uses German bunker with 3 meter thick walls and is nuclear-proof. A constant temperature of 22-23 degrees is maintained in the room."
ABOUT THE AIR CONTROL WING
Air Control Wing (ACW) is a geographically dispersed operational authority in the Air Force with satellite units located around Denmark (Skagen, Skrydstrup, Kastrup and Bornholm) with headquarters at Karup Air Base.
Around the clock, all year round, we monitor, control and deploy aircraft to deny violations in Danish airspace - and contribute to the execution of air operations both nationally and internationally.
Radar Head Skagen is part of ACW, and is a small exciting workplace in constant change and development. We are part of a network of radar heads that provide airspace information images to the operations center in Karup, thereby ensuring constant surveillance of Danish airspace.
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)