Anchers Hus
Michael og Anna Anchers Hus og Saxilds Gaard, Markvej 2-4, Skagen
Arkitekt: Tilbygning 1913 af Ulrik Plesner
Husets historie før Ancher:
Her boede fhv. strandings kommisær Woller, en overvægtig olding med stubskægget bulldogansigt og et bjerg af en mave, spændt ind i et par vadmelsknækukser med klap. Han kan stort set ikke bevæge sig, men hundser rundt med sin husholderske, som trods hans opførsel, tager sig godt af den gamle.
Da Woller dør arver husholdersken frøken Storm huset - formentlig som kompensation for svie og smerte gennem tiden. Huset lejer hun ud til sommergæster, blandt andre Drachmann i 1882 og Krohg og Lundh i 1883.
Da Ancher køber huset af frøken Storm kommer hun jo til penge og får straks en frier der gør hende til frue. (læs Alba Schwartz: Den svundne tid i sagn og billeder)
History of the house before Ancher:
Former beaching commissioner Woller lived here, an overweight old man with a stubbly bulldog face and a mountain of a stomach, strapped into a pair of flapped cotton knickerbockers. He can hardly move, but dogs around with his housekeeper, who, despite his behaviour, takes good care of the old man.
When Woller dies, the housekeeper, Miss Storm, inherits the house - presumably as compensation for the pain and suffering of the past. She rents out the house to summer guests, including Drachmann in 1882 and Krohg and Lundh in 1883.
When Ancher buys the house from Miss Storm, she comes into money and immediately gets a suitor who makes her his mistress. (read Alba Schwartz: The bygone era in legends and pictures)
Michael og Anna Anchers Hus
Maleren Michael Ancher kom til Skagen i 1874 og boede på Brøndums gæstgiver, det vil sige, han boede i Det lille Havehus, hvortil gæstgiveriet, købmandsbutikken og privatboligen midlertidigt var flyttet, for der havde været brand i gæstgiveriet.
Pladsen i værelset var så trang, at man var nødt til at klæde sig på i sengen.
Da Michael Ancher seks år senere, i 1880, blev gift med Brøndums datter, Anna, flyttede de to ind i Havehuset, hvor Ancher fik et atelier.
Efter datteren Helga Anchers fødsel i 1883, købte Michael og Anna Ancher i 1884 Markvej 2 af frøken Storm eller Jomfru Storm.
Anchers boede i 30 år i den forreste længe ud mod vejen. Herefter tilføjede de, ved hjælp af arkitekten Ulrik Plesner, den store tilbygning nord for længen. Det tog måske så lang tid inden tilbygningen kom, fordi Michael Ancher var ret vægelsindet og ikke kunne tage beslutningen og gennemføre den.
Tilbygningen med atelier (stort til Michael og lille til Anna) stod færdigt i 1913.
Michael Ancher døde i 1927 og Anna i 1935. Efter forældrenes død, forlod Helga huset og lod det stå uberørt og ubeboet.
Da Helga døde i 1964 efterlod hun alt til en Fond - Helga Anchers Fond, som skulle drive huset som et museum. Huset og malerierne blev restaureret og åbnet som museum i 1967.
I 1989 fik man muligheden for at købe naboejendommen Saxilds Gård, hvor der nu er cafe og skiftende udstillinger.
Michael and Anna Ancher’s House
Michael Ancher came to Skagen in 1874 and stayed at Brøndums - that is, the hotel had burned and moved to the Garden House, where he shared a room so small that he had to get dressed in bed.
When he married Anna Brøndum in 1880 they moved in to the Garden House.
The artists Michael and Anna Ancher bought the house in Markvej in 1884 after the birth of their daughter Helga. The family lived for 30 years in the long, low wing facing the road. When they felt the lack of space, the architect Ulrik Plesner designed a studio building (completed 1913) to the north of the original house and with a link access to it.
Maybe it took so long, because Michael Ancher had difficulties making up his mind whether or not they should extend the house.
After the deaths of Michael Ancher in 1927 and Anna Ancher in 1935, the house remained unoccupied. Helga Ancher, who died in 1964, had laid down in her will that everything she left was to be used to create a fund, The Helga Ancher Foundation. The house in Markvej together with the paintings and contents was restored and opened as a museum in 1967.
It contains a lot of paintings by the couple and others that Ancher purchased. All the furniture and interior decorations remains as it was when Anna Ancher died.
Saxilds Gaard
Saxild House stands close to Michael and Ancher’s House. It was in the possession of the Saxild family from the end of 18th century to 1959, and from 1810-1919 there was a bakery in the eastern wing. In 1989 the property was acquired by The Helga Ancher Foundation as a gift from The Aage V. Jensen Foundations.
Changing exhibitions, primarily of works owned by The Helga Ancher Foundation, are arranged in Saxilds Gaard. These consists in particular of sketches and preparatory studies by Michael, Anna and Helga Ancher.
Rispapirlampen
I Michael og Anna Anchers Hus hænger en rød rispapirlampe, som mange gæster bemærker, fordi den skiller sig meget ud fra resten af interiøret.
Lampen er en fremskaffet erstatning for den oprindelige lampe, som er for skrøbelig til at hænge fremme.
Engang havde Anchers Hus besøg af en tysktalende japansk familie, Kurita fra Japan, som oversatte de japanske tegn på rispapirlampen således
東 Toh = øst (i betydningen:Japan)
照 sho = glorværdig
宮 gu = Temple
= Toshogu, Japans glorværdige tempel
På siden af lampen ses familien Tokugawas familievåben.
Et Tōshō-gū (東照宮) er enhver Shinto helligdom, hvor Tokugawa Ieyasu er nedfældet med navnet Tōshō Daigongen (東照大権現).
Ieyasu var grundlægger af Tokugawa shogunatet (1603-1868), hvilket var det tredje og sidst shogunale regeringsemperium i Japans historie.
Det mest berømte Tōshō-gū findes i Nikkō i Tochigi regionen. Det er et af Japans mest populære turistmål.
Tokugawa Ieyasu (徳川 家康, 31.1.1543 – 1.6.1616) var grundlægger og første shogun i Tokugawa shogunatet i Japan, som bogstavligt regerede Japan fra 1600 til Meiji Restoration i 1868.
Ieyasu (fornavn) kom til magten i 1600, blev udnævnt til shogun i 1603, abdicerede fra embedet 1605, men blev ved magten indtil sin død i 1616.
Tokugawa-shogunatet var et feudalt, militært regime i Japan, der bragte århundreders japansk borgerkrig under kontrol. Shogunatet blev grundlagt af Tokugawa Ieyasu i 1603 og styret af shoguner fra Tokugawa-familien frem til 1868. Perioden kaldes for Tokugawa-perioden eller for Edo-perioden efter hovedstaden Edo (i dag Tokyo).
Tokugawa-shogunerne styrede landet fra Edo-borgen frem til Meiji-restaurationen
Shinto og buddhisme i Japan - I Japan har man to hovedreligioner, som de fleste japanere dyrker med større eller mindre intensitet. Den ene kaldes shinto, den anden er den særlige japanske buddhisme, som går under navnet zen eller zenbuddhisme.
Meget groft sagt bruger japanere shinto til alt, hvad der har med livet og hverdagen at gøre – for eksempel bliver man traditionelt gift i et shinto-tempel – mens buddhisme bruges til håndtering af døden og af lidelse. Begravelser er derfor buddhistiske.
Shinto er en noget uudgrundelig størrelse, som de færreste udlændinge forstår til bunds. Men grundlæggende er shinto en animisme. Det vil sige, at man i shinto tilbeder kami, som betyder guder eller ånder. Ofte er det ånder, der er forbundet med et sted eller en naturlig ting. Solen har sin egen kami, men en stor klippe ude i havet kan også være hellig, så folk fra nær og fjern kommer og tilbeder dens kami.
Ordet kami kender vi fra kamikazepiloterne, der var på selvmordsmissioner for den japanske kejser under Anden Verdenskrig. De var så farlige, når de dræbte sig selv imod fjendens skibe, at de blev kaldt guddommelig vind.
Japonisme er betegnelse på den stilistiske og tekniske påvirkning som japansk kunst, arkitektur og kunsthåndværk havde på vestlig kunst efter 1858, da vesteuropæiske lande og USA havde genoptaget handelsforbindelsen med Japan. Der blev udgivet bøger om Japans kunst og kunstindustri.
Japan deltog for første gang på Verdensudstillingen i London 1862, og de udstillede varer blev revet væk. Samme år blev der åbnet en butik for japanske varer i Paris.
Impulser fra den enkle og sobre, men raffinerede japanske interiøropfattelse fik afgørende betydning for art nouveau-stilen. Kunstnere som Edgar Degas, van Gogh, Gauguin og Manet blev inspireret af japansk kunst. Motivafskæring og den virtuose japanske penselføring og hurtige formidling af motivet fik stor betydning for billedkunsten i slutningen af 1800-tallet.
P.S.Krøyers maleri "Sommeraften ved Skagen", 1892 (Skagens Museum) - også kaldet "Marie med Rap" er inspireret af japansk træskærerkunst.
Har de købt den i Paris? - Anna og Michael Ancher besøgte Paris i 1889 (Verdensudstillingen) og kan have købt lampen med hjem derfra.
Rice Paper Lamp
In Michael and Anna Ancher's house hangs a red rice paper lamp, which many guests notice because it stands out so much from the rest of the interior.
The lamp is a procured replacement for the original lamp, which is too fragile to hang out.
Anchers Hus was once visited by a German-speaking Japanese family, Kurita from Japan, who translated the Japanese characters on the rice paper lamp as follows
東 Toh = East (meaning:Japan)
照 sho = glorious
宮 gu = Temple
= Toshogu, the glorious temple of Japan
On the side of the lamp is the Tokugawa family crest.
A Tōshō-gū (東照宮) is any Shinto shrine where Tokugawa Ieyasu is enshrined with the name Tōshō Daigongen (東照大権現).
Ieyasu was the founder of the Tokugawa shogunate (1603-1868), which was the third and last shogunate reign in Japanese history.
The most famous Tōshō-gū is in Nikkō in the Tochigi region. It is one of Japan's most popular tourist destinations.
Tokugawa Ieyasu (徳川 家康, 31.1.1543 - 1.6.1616) was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which literally ruled Japan from 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868.
Ieyasu (first name) came to power in 1600, was appointed shogun in 1603, abdicated from office in 1605, but remained in power until his death in 1616.
The Tokugawa shogunate was a feudal military regime in Japan that brought centuries of Japanese civil war under control. The shogunate was founded by Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1603 and ruled by shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. The period is called the Tokugawa period or the Edo period after the capital Edo (now Tokyo).
The Tokugawa shoguns ruled the country from Edo Castle until the Meiji Restoration
Shinto and Buddhism in Japan - Japan has two main religions, which most Japanese practise with varying degrees of intensity. One is called Shinto, the other is the distinctive Japanese Buddhism known as Zen or Zen Buddhism.
Very roughly speaking, Japanese use Shinto for everything to do with life and everyday life - for example, traditionally getting married in a Shinto temple - while Buddhism is used for dealing with death and suffering. Funerals are therefore Buddhist.
Shinto is a somewhat unfathomable entity that few foreigners understand in depth. But basically Shinto is animism. That is, Shinto worships kami, which means gods or spirits. Often these are spirits associated with a place or a natural thing. The sun has its own kami, but a big rock out in the sea can also be sacred, so people from near and far come to worship its kami.
We know the word kami from the kamikaze pilots who went on suicide missions for the Japanese emperor during the Second World War. They were so dangerous when they killed themselves against enemy ships that they were called divine wind.
Japonisme is the term used to describe the stylistic and technical influence that Japanese art, architecture and crafts had on Western art after 1858, when Western European countries and the United States resumed trade relations with Japan. Books were published on Japanese art and the art industry.
Japan participated for the first time in the 1862 World's Fair in London, and the exhibits were torn down. In the same year, a shop for Japanese goods was opened in Paris.
Impulses from the simple and sober, but refined Japanese interior design had a decisive influence on the Art Nouveau style. Artists such as Edgar Degas, van Gogh, Gauguin and Manet were inspired by Japanese art. The cut of the motif and the virtuoso Japanese brushwork and rapid conveyance of the motif had a great impact on the visual arts of the late 19th century.
P.S.Krøyer's painting "Summer Evening at Skagen", 1892 (Skagens Museum) - also called "Marie with Rape" was inspired by Japanese wood carving.
Did they buy it in Paris? - Anna and Michael Ancher visited Paris in 1889 (World's Fair) and may have bought the lamp from there.