Course overview
Learners will finish the bonding unit they started last term and then begin energy and chemical changes
Bonding; In this unit we look at how chemists have used theories of structure and bonding to explain the physical and chemical properties of materials. Learners start by looking at the different types of bonds that compounds have; ionic, simple covalent, giant covalent and metallic. They look at how they are arranged in these bonds. They will also look at how scientists use this knowledge of structure and bonding to engineer new materials with desirable properties such as fullerenes. Triple learners also look at nanoparticles including the risks of using these in medicine and other products. We also will look into how we can test for specific cations and anions.
Energy changes; Energy changes are an important part of chemical reactions. The interaction of particles often involves transfers of energy due to the breaking and formation of bonds. Reactions in which energy is released to the surroundings are exothermic reactions, while those that take in thermal energy are endothermic. These interactions between particles can produce heating or cooling effects that are used in a range of everyday applications. Some interactions between ions in an electrolyte result in the production of electricity. Cells and batteries use these chemical reactions to provide electricity. Electricity can also be used to decompose ionic substances and is a useful means of producing elements that are too expensive to extract any other way.
Chemical changes; In this unit learners will recap the reactivity series of metals, look at how they react with different substances and gain an understanding of how this is used when extracting metals. They will look at the reactions of metals, metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal carbonates with acids. They will learn about the pH scale and what an acid and an alkali is. They will then look at the different methods of extracting metals.
Key Concept:
Bonding, chemical & energy changes
Assessment Points:
End of unit assessment will consist of a 40 mark test
Midway assessment set by class teacher which could be an exam question
Guidance:
Learners will receive guidance in a variety of ways. These include marked assessments, reports, verbal feedback, written feedback in books, 1:1 interaction, Google Classroom and whole class feedback.
Key Vocabulary:
Bonding
Bond
Evaporation
Melting
Melting Point
Particle Model
States of Matter
Ion
Ionic Bonding
Ionic Compound
Electron
Metal
Non-metal
Compound
Covalent Bond
Double Bond
Formula
Intermolecular Forces
Buckminsterfullerene
Composite Material
Delocalised
Diamond
Electrode
Fullerene
Giant covalent structure
Graphene
Graphite
Lubricant
Nonotube
Polymer
Tensile Strength
Conducting Electricity
Conducting Heat
Alloy
Energy changes
Energy
Chemical Reaction
Exothermic Reaction
Endothermic reaction
Combustion
Oxidation
Neutralisation
Thermal decomposition
Photosynthesis
Dissipates
Activation Energy
Reaction Profile/ Energy Level Diagrams
Bond energy
Displacement Reaction
Reactants
Products
Energy Changes
Chemical changes
abundance
acid
anode
atom
balanced chemical equation
cathode
compound
crust
displace
displacement reaction
dissolved
electrical energy
electrode
electrolysis
electrolyte
electron
element
extraction
half equation
insoluble
ion
ionic bonding
ionic compound
ionic equation
melting point
metal
molten
ore
oxidation
reactive
reactivity
reactivity series
redox reaction
reduction
salt
solution
Unreactive
acid
acidic
alkali
alkaline
base
carbonate
concentration
crystal
crystallisation
dissociation
dissolve
dissolved
electron
evaporation
excess
filtration
flammable
formula
half equation
indicator
insoluble
ion
ionic equation
ionise
litmus paper
metal
neutral
neutralisation
oxidation
pH
reactant
redox reaction
reduction
reversible reaction
salt
saturated
soluble
solute
solution
solvent
universal indicator
volume