History of the Earth

Essential Question: How do we know dinosaurs died off 65 million years ago?

Assignments

3/18 - Quiz: Geologic Time Scale and Absolute Dating - Open Notebook

Video Notes Questions from How the Earth was Made (1 hr 30 mins)

3/17 - Absolute Dating Rock Layers WS using:

3/14 - Notebook and Keywords turn-in

3/14 - Portfolio 1/31 to 3/9, 2022

Notes on The Day the Mesozoic Died (2012) 33:43 - hhmi.org

3/8 - Radioactive Dating Game WS using Radioactive Dating Game - phet.colorado.edu.

3/3 Tree Rings WS using:

Turn-in to Canvas.

3/1 The Great Fossil Hunt WS

  1. Fossil Hunt Kick off Slides

  2. Fossils Around the World

  3. Clues in the Rock Layers

  4. A Matter of Time

  5. Choosing the Dig Site

3/1 Parts 6 & 7 - Make a slideshow or Doc reporting findings and choosing one site to dig for Dimetrodon. Turn-in to Canvas.

2/16 Quiz: Relative Dating & Fossils

2/16 - Relative Dating Review

2/15 - Is it a Fossil?

2/11 - Relative Dating Practice

2/10 - Telling Relative Time (gray paper)

2/8 - Relative Time Pre-Test in Canvas

2/3 - It's time to start thinking about high school. ppt

1/21 - Earthquake, Volcanos, and Plate Tectonics Picture Review - Picture; Color example

Good Source: Annenberg Learner - Dynamic Earth Interactives

PowerPoint for unit: History of the Earth slides Bright 2019.pdf (must login to district email to view)


- Life Science: Dating the Fossil Record Activity


- Geologic Timeline Review (must login to district email to view)

- Absolute Dating Article - sciencelearn.org.nz used with Absolute Dating Rock Layers WS

Video Notes: How the Grand Canyon was Made (2009)


- The 25 Biggest Turning Points in Earth's History - BBC Earth for Big Event Infographic


- Earth Timeline Group Project

  • - steps 1-5

  • - steps 6-7

  • - steps 7-9, Info-graphic attached to timeline

  • - Step 10: Present your Era to Mr. Bright and your group.

Objectives

MS-ESS1-4. (Chapter 3) - Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6 billion-year-old history.

MS-LS4-1. (Chapter 2) - Analyze and interpret data for patterns in the fossil record that document the existence, diversity, extinction, and change of life forms throughout the history of life on Earth under the assumption that natural laws operate today as in the past.

      • Explain how Earth materials, such as rock, fossils, and ice, show that Earth has changed over time.

      • Summarize how scientists measure the relative ages of rock layers.

      • Identify gaps in the rock record.

      • Describe how geologists use a geologic time scale to divide Earth's history.

*Non-Contact Forces

MS-PS2-3. (Chapter 7, 8)

MS-PS2-5. (Chapter 7, 8)

Resources

BrightNaturalHistory2021

Relative Dating Keywords

Erosion

Deposition

Horizontal

Fault

Uniformitarianism

Catastrophism

Relative Dating

Intrusive Rock

Strata

Stratigraphy

Principle of Superposition

Principle of Crosscutting

Unconformity

Geologic Column

Fossil

Petrification

Trace Fossil

Coprolite

Index Fossil

Facie Fossil

Fossil record

Geologic Time Scale

Eon, Era, Period, Epoch

Quiz Review

How can Relative Dating concepts show how and when rock layers formed?

From the animation Rocks and Ice Ages - sciencelearn.org.nz:

1. How can ice ages produce erosion in ocean formed strata?

2. How could this cause unconformities in rock strata?

Use the Relative Dating Article on the Principle of Superposition and Index Fossils to answer the following questions.

1. How is the Principle of Superposition shown by building a sandwich?

2. What are index fossils?

3. How can index fossils be used to match strata of rock?

More practice using the relative dating principles of superposition and crosscutting (anything that cuts across is younger) at:

What are different types of fossils?

List and describe 6 different kinds of fossils using:

Sources of Natural History

Warm-ups

Write the date, summarize the question(s), and then answer in your notebook:

2/4 - Color the Rock Cycle handout with at least 5 different colors. Answer the 3 questions. Paste or tape into a left-hand page of your notebook. (Old ES pgs.

2/7 - Discover the Ice Age Floods - hugefloods.com

  1. What was the first type of huge floods that took place in the Northwest 15 to 17 million years ago?

  2. Where is the hot spot that made the floods now?

  3. What did ice do to the Clark Fork river in Montana during the last ice-age?

  4. What happened when the ice dam broke? How do we know?

  5. What caused the Bonneville flood? How do we know?

- Make a Venn diagram comparing uniformitarianism and catastrophism.

2/8 Make a Venn diagram comparing Relative Dating and Absolute Dating. (Old ES pgs. 137, 142)


  1. What is the Principle of Horizontality?

  2. What are the 3 youngest rock layers of Minor Canyon?

2/9 - Use the principle of superposition and principle of cross-cutting to list the strata of Minor Canyon from youngest to oldest. Animation of Minor Canyon Formation – mheducation.com Minor Canyon, AZ

2/10 - The Grand Staircase - youtube.com

  1. Why is southern Utah and northern Arizona called the "Grand Staircase?"

  2. Why isn't the whole section of rocks exposed somewhere? Where are all the rocks that aren't there?

  3. How was correlation between the Grand Canyon, Zion Canyon and Bryce Canyon accomplished?


2/11 - What’s in a tar pit? In this video by Science Friday, Dr. John Harris describes how the La Brea Tar Pit has come to accumulate so many fossils.

2/14 - Part 1: 15.1 How Fossilization Creates Fossils - ck-12.org How Fossilization Creates Fossils Study Guide - ck-12.org

  1. What are fossils?

  2. How does a bone from a dead organism harden to become a fossil?

  3. Why are there so few fossils of soft parts?

Part 2: Dinosaur Plague (2009): Video (15:05 mins) at terrirandallproductions.com, Transcript - pbs.org

  1. What is the main hypothesis of why the dinosaurs went extinct 65 million years ago?

  2. How can amber have important fossils in it?

  3. What is a Coprolite?

  4. What can we learn from dinosaur dung?

2/18 - From Index Fossils - youtube.com

  1. What had to be discovered before we could do absolute dating?

  2. What did William "strata" Smith discover?

2/22 - PBS Eons: A Brief History of Geologic Time - youtube.com

  1. What is the Geologic Time Scale?

  2. Put the following in order from largest to smallest unit of time: Period, Epoch, Eon, and Era.


- Use PhET Build an Atom and the Periodic Table to find the following two elements.

1.

2.


- How Does Radiocarbon Dating Work? - Instant Egghead #28 - youtube

  1. How does Carbon-14 form?

  2. After an plant or animal dies, how much of the original C-14 will be in its body at 1 half-life (5730 yrs)? 2 half-lives (11460 yrs)?

  3. What ratio is measured to determine the age of an animal or plant?

  4. Problem to solve:

    • A fossil of a mosquito in amber has 0.5 (one-half or 50%) of the original carbon-14 material in it. If the half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years, how old is the mosquito?

    • In another 5730 years from now, how much of the original carbon-14 material will remain?

- Make a Venn diagram comparing Biotic Factors and Abiotic Factors. (Old LS pg. 434)

What is a Stromatolite? Why are they Important? - youtube.com The natural wonder that holds the key to the origins of life – and warns of its destruction - thegaurdian.com

  1. What are Stromatolites?

  2. What is special about the cyanobacteria that produced them?

  3. What effect did this life have on the earth's atmosphere?


- What big event defines the beginning and ending of each era? Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic. Use The 25 Biggest Turning Points in Earth's History - BBC Earth or other sources.

- The Origin of Tetrapods (2012) 17:11 - hhmi.org

  1. What was the importance of finding Tik-Tal-Lik?

  2. What has to happen to make a fossil that can be found?

  3. How were relative dating principles used?

  4. How were absolute dating principles used?

- How Dinosaurs Took Over The World - Science Insider - Video 3:22

  1. What were the first dinosaurs like?

  2. How did the climate change while Pangaea broke up?

  3. What group of dinosaurs did not go extinct 65 million years ago?

- Marching Dinosaurs - Animated Size Comparison (video 7:03)

  1. Attach the dinosaur list onto a left-hand page of your notebook.

  2. Put a question mark (?) by any of the underlined dinosaurs you have questions about.

  3. Circle the 5 dinosaurs you think are the most interesting.


- When doing science, scientists try to watch out for:

  • Presentism - judging the past through present day values and beliefs. -> Leads to anachronism and cultural bias.

  • Whiggism - Presenting the past as an inevitable progression towards freedom and enlightenment. -> Ignores all the failures and dead ends along the way.

  • How do you think about the past? Are you ever Presentist or Whiggish in how you think about the past?

- Cenozoic Beasts - Animated Size Comparison - youtube.com - Beast list

  1. Attach the beast list onto a left-hand page of your notebook.

  2. Use the word parts chart to find the literal meaning of the names: Thylacosmilus, Smilodon, and Dinopithecus

  3. Interpret the names of some other beasts in the list.

  4. Look to see if their names match there looks when the video plays.

Websites

Historical Geology - opengeology.org - A free online textbook for Historical Geology courses

Relative Dating

Relative Rock Layers - sciencelearn.org.nz - Relative dating interactive. Video answers.

Exploring Earth: What stories do rocks tell? - classzone.com - Animations about the principles of Relative Dating.

Earth Science Lab: Relative Dating #1 - profharwood.x10host.com - Test your knowledge by arranging the strata.

Animation of Minor Canyon Formation – mheducation.com

Absolute Dating

About Tree Rings - arizona.edu - Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research at the University of Arizona.

Tree Rings Simulation - Dendrochronology - scied.ucar.edu - Interactive dendrochronology activity.

The Science of Tree Rings - utk.edu - Excellent website on all things about tree rings.

Lord of the Tree Rings - Science Nation - youtube.com

Calendar in Ice - youtube.com


Radioactive Dating Game for Chromebook - archive.cnx.org/specials - Learn about radiometric dating with this simulation. Originally: Radioactive Dating Game - phet.colorado.edu

Absolute Dating of Rock Layers - sciencelearn.org.nz - Interactive for selecting the correct absolute dating method.

Radioactive Decay of Carbon-14 - pbslearningmedia.org

Radiocarbon Dating -pbs.org

Zircon Chronology: Dating the Oldest Material on Earth - amnh.org

Natural History

The 25 Biggest Turning Points in Earth's History - BBC Earth

Oregon: A Geologic History - oregongeology.org

ALL Animals, Dinosaurs & Sea Monsters SIZE COMPARISON - youtube.com - Animals through natural history.

Phylogeny of Life - ucmp.berkeley.edu - The Tree of Life including fossil record and history.

LIfe - An Autobiography (Biodiversity Rap) 6:34 - youtube.com - Rap covering natural history. Amazing!

Sortify: Tree of Life - GameUp

Paleozoic

A Chart of Geological Time (from a trilobite's point of view) - trilobite.info

The Origin of Tetrapods (2012) 17:11 - hhmi.org

Sortify: Invertebrates - GameUp - brainpop.com

Sortify: Vertebrates - GameUp


Keywords

Erosion

Deposition

Horizontal

Fault

Uniformitarianism

Catastrophism

Relative Dating

(old ES pgs. 137-141)

Intrusive Rock

Strata

Stratigraphy

Superposition

(old ES pgs. 137-141)

Law of Crosscutting

Unconformity

Geologic Column

(old ES pg. 138)

Fossil

(old ES pgs. 146-150)

Petrification

Trace Fossil

Coprolite

Index Fossil

Facie Fossil

Fossil record

Geologic Time Scale

Eon, Era, Period, Epoch

Absolute Dating

(old ES pg. 142-145)

radiometric dating

Isotope

Radioactive Decay

Half-Life

Biotic

Abiotic

geologic time scale

(Old ES pgs. 151-155; Old LS 176-187)

Precambrian Time

Paleozoic Era

Extinction

(ScienceWorld or Dictionary)

Mesozoic Era

Cenozoic Era