Change Over Time, Inheritance, and Genetics

Post date: May 2, 2019 11:46:17 PM

Keywords

Adaptation

Homologous Structures

Cladogram

Out group

Common Ancestor

Parsimony/Ockham's Razor

Species (Is the definition specific enough to account for Grolars?)

Natural Selection

Variation

Evolution

Scientific Theory

Overproduction

Molecule

DNA

Nitrogen Bases (nucleotides)

Gene

Proteins (IS pgs. 11,14-17)

Amino acids

Chromosome

DNA Replication (IS pg. 12)

Mutation (IS pgs. 19-20)

Cancer (IS pgs. 21-23)

Tumor

Chemotherapy

Allele

Dominant

Recessive

Artificial Selection

Gradualism

Punctuated Equilibrium

Warm-ups


5/8 - Summarize these note questions for Great Transitions: The Origin of Birds (2015) 18:59 - hhmi.org

5/9 - Answer the following questions from the 7 minute video - Cladograms - Bozeman Science.

  1. What is a Cladogram?

  2. What is an outgroup?

  3. What is a common ancestor?

  4. What is Ockham's Razor/Parsimony?

5/13 - From the video clip Things You May Not Know About Evolution, list 4 things you did not know. (Mole Rats 2:40)

5/15 - Build 10 rungs of a DNA Molecule at Build a DNA Molecule - learn.genetics.utah.edu . Write down the 10 letter pairs you match as you make the rungs of DNA.

5/16 - For the following DNA strands, what nitrogen bases would pair to form the other strand of DNA?

  1. CCGATAGGT

  2. GTCGACTAG

  3. TAACTGCAG

5/17 - From the video segments Kinesin protein walking on microtubule - youtube.com A Day in the Life of a Motor Protein - youtube.com answer the following.

What does a motor protein do?

What are the following in a nerve cell?

  • Axon

  • Cytoskeleton

  • Microtubules

  • Synapse

5/20 - From the website National Cancer Institute: Common Cancer Types - cancer.gov:

  1. List at least 4 common types of cancer.

  2. Research one of the common cancer types to find out: what is it, where does it occur, what increases the chances of getting it, and how common is it?

5/21 - For the following DNA strands, what nitrogen bases would pair to form the other strand of DNA?

  1. TTAGCGTAC

  2. GACGTCATG

  3. GTACGCTAA

5/22 - What concerns do you have after watching the Trailer for Gattaca?

5/23 - For the following DNA strands, what nitrogen bases would pair to form the other strand of DNA?

  1. ATAGGCCAG

  2. GCGGAATTC

  3. TAGGACTAT

6/3 - Look at the Observable Human Characteristics - learn.genetics.utah.edu to find some genetic traits you may have.

6/4 - Use the RNA: The Versatile Molecule - learn.genetics.utah.edu interactive to compare RNA to DNA on a Venn diagram.

6/5- Watching the video Amoeba Sisters - Protein Synthesis, describe how a cell goes from DNA to protein in 5 or 6 steps.

- For the following DNA strands, what nitrogen bases would pair to form an RNA copy? (remember RNA has Uracil instead of Thymine)

  1. GGCTATCCA

  2. CAGCTGATC

  3. ATTGACGTC

- 4 Questions about RNAi. (2005) 15 mins - pbs.org

- Answer the following questions after watching Cloning ethics still murky 20 years after Dolly - youtube.com .

  1. What are some of the concerns that have been raised by cloning?

  2. How has overall public opinion changed over time?

  3. What is your opinion about human clones?

- Using Journey into Human DNA - pbs.org interactive, summarize what you see in each of the 15 zooms.

- Summarize one of the sections from: Eugenics Interactive - www.dnai.org/e/

- Research some genetic testing options. (Search Terms: Genetic Testing, DNA Ancestry, Genetic Genealogy)

      1. What are some of the kits you can buy?

      2. What is the primary purpose of each?

      3. Would you want to get your genome tested with one of these kits? Why or why not?

- What do you know about Genetic Testing? What opinions do you have about it?

- From the video: Finding Home: A Sea Turtle's Life Cycle Explained (also The Survival of the Sea Turtle - Ted Ed, Sea Turtles: The Lost Years )

What is the life cycle of a sea turtle?

- Why might the Cavendish Bananas we eat go extinct? How has artificial selection produced this problem? What are possible solutions?

- If you were to breed an pet, what would it be and what traits would it have?

- Do you think hybrid animals should be considered a new species?

- Look at the different beak structures on IS page 51. Match the finch to the type of food you think it eats by information in the names and beak structure:

Finch

  1. Vegetarian tree finch

  2. Cactus ground finch

  3. Medium ground finch

  4. Small tree finch

Food

A. Hard seeds and nuts

B. Insects

C. Berries

D. Cactus

Objectives

  • MS-LS4-2. (IS Chapter 2) - Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships.

  • MS-LS4-3. (IS Chapter 2) - Analyze displays of pictorial data to compare patterns of similarities in the embryological development across multiple species to identify relationships not evident in the fully formed anatomy

  • MS-LS4-4. (IS Chapter 2) - Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment

  • MS-LS4-6. (IS Chapter 2) - Use mathematical representations to support explanations of how natural selection may lead to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time.

  • MS-LS3-1. (IS Chapter 1) - Develop and use a model to describe why structural changes to genes (mutations) located on chromosomes may affect proteins and may result in harmful, beneficial, or neutral effects to the structure and function of the organism.

  • MS-LS4-5. (IS Chapter 1, 2) - Gather and synthesize information about the technologies that have changed the way humans influence the inheritance of desired traits in organisms.

Websites

Genetics & Heredity

Learn Genetics - learn.genetics.utah.edu - Primer on genetics and cell biology with interactives and videos.

Amoeba Sisters - youtube.com

Stated Clearly - statedclearly.com

DNA

DNA from the Beginning - dnaftb.org - An animated primer of 75 experiments that made the field genetics.

Genetics Home Reference - nih.gov - Specific information about each human gene and various genetic conditions.

Genes vs. DNA vs. Chromosomes - Instant Egghead #19

DNAanatomy - johnkyrk.com - Animations of DNA and its replication.

Build DNA - explorelearning.com - Gizmo model for DNA.

yourgenome - youtube

Amoeba Sisters - youtube.com

Your Amazing Molecular Machines - youtube.com - Understandable narration of Drew Berry's animations.

The Science of Picky Eaters (2009) 12:45 mins - pbs.org

Genome

Extract Your DNA! - pbs.org - NOVA DIY for seeing your own DNA!

Cracking the Code of Life. (2001) 113 mins - pbs.org - Sequencing of human genome.

Mutations

Nova: Cracking your Genetic Code - pbs.org - Possibilities and pitfalls of genetic testing. note questions

TED-Ed

Two-Thirds of All Cancers Are Caused by One Thing: Your DNA - youtube.com

Epigenetics

RNAi. (2005) 15 mins - pbs.org - RNAi. (2005) 15 mins, NOVA. Fun analogy of how DNA and RNA work together to create proteins and the discovery of interference RNA.

Stem Cells Breakthrough. (2008) 14 mins - pbs.org

Epigenetics (2007) 15 mins - pbs.org

Epigenetics - learn.genetics.utah.edu - Videos and interactives.

Inheritance

Punnett Square Virtual Lab - glencoe.com *

Genetics - INQ-ITS Virtual Labs *

Diversity of Traits - INQ-ITS Virtual Labs *

Blood Typing

Multiple Alleles (ABO Blood Types) and Punnett Squares - Youtube.com *

Genes and Blood Type - learn.genetics.utah.edu *

The Blood Typing Game - nobelprize.org - Direct link. - video (3 mins) *

Artificial Selection

Popped Secret: The Mysterious Origin of Corn — HHMI BioInteractive Video *

Dmitry Belyaev and Fox Experiments - youtube.com *

Design Your Own Baby: Patent Granted - youtube.com *

Cloning

1996: Dolly the sheep cloned - youtube.com *

Clones of Dolly the Sheep Age Well - youtube.com *

Cloning ethics still murky 20 years after Dolly - youtube.com *

How Close Are We to Resurrecting Extinct Species? - youtube.com

Genetic Engineering

Eyes of Nye - GMO foods - youtube.com *

Why are GMOs Bad? - youtube.com

*

GMO's Socratic Seminar Sources *

Should we grow GM crops? - pbs.org * - Skip to the 12 arguments for and against

Pros and Cons of Genetically Modified Foods - healthresearchfunding.org *

A Tale Of Two Seed Farmers: Organic Vs. Engineered - npr.org with audio from the radio show All Things Considered. (White Packet) *

GMO grass that 'escaped' defies eradication, divides grass seed industry - oregonlive.com (Yellow Packet) *

Classification & Evolution

The Majestic Grolar Bear - SciShow - Hybrid species.

Evolution 101 - evolution.berkeley.edu - Evolution 101 gives you the basics from Berkeley.

Great Transitions: The Origin of Birds (2015) 18:59 - hhmi.org -

The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch - hhmi.org -

Untamed Science - untamedscience.com - Short videos about various subjects in biology.

A Fish with Red Lips Untamed Science™

LIfe - An Autobiography (Biodiversity Rap) - youtube.com - Rap covering natural history. Amazing!

Questions

    • Should genetic engineering be allowed outside of medical uses?

    • Should GE crops be allowed in Willamette Valley?

    • What systems should be in place to protect non-GE crops?

    • How should we deal with super-weeds?

Related Questions:

    • Should GE food be labelled as such?

    • Can GE companies be trusted to be reasonably responsible?

    • Can the government be trusted to properly regulate GE food and crops?