Genetics, Inheritance, & Change-over-time

Post date: Apr 8, 2020 8:56:11 PM

Essential Questions: What does DNA do? Why do whales have fingers? Why do life forms change over time?

Distance Learning Support Materials

Starting Monday 4/13, the district will be pivoting to Distance Learning for the remainder of the 2019-2020 school year - see Covid-19 School Closure. Common lessons are prepared for core classes across the district for each grade. These lessons are posted by grade on the district website at Distance Learning Resources / Recursos de educación a distancia. The lessons are designed so that all of the assignments to be turned in are in the worksheet packet sent to your house. There are also online links to helpful material to support learning.

Distance Learning for Grade 6-8 Weekly Plan Link

Assignments will be turned into Google Classroom. All of my Eighth grade science classes will be in the same Google Classroom. Day-by-day expectations will be posted there as well.

Feel free to email me with any questions you have: christopher.bright@albany.k12.or.us

Week 2 - 4/13 to 4/17

In your packet, complete and turn-in to Google Classroom:

Week 3 - 4/20 to 4/24

In your packet, complete and turn-in to Google Classroom:

Week 4 - 4/27 to 5/1

In your packet, complete and turn-in to Google Classroom:

Week 5 - 5/4 to 5/8

In your packet, complete and turn-in to Google Classroom:

Week 6 - 5/11 to 5/15

In your packet, complete and turn-in to Google Classroom

Week 7 - 5/18 to 5/22

Complete:

Artificial Selection Reading & Questions

Create a Designer Organism through Genetic Engineering and Artificial Selection.

Week 8 - 5/26 to 5/29

Complete Zork Genetics using the Zork Genotypes and Phenotypes table.

Farther and Deeper

Since this class website is an integral part of my science classes, I have the assignments, warm-ups, keywords and web links below that we would normally be using in the classroom. This is intended as additional material for those who would like to go farther and deeper. None of the lessons or assignments on this website will be graded, unless they happen to be part of the Distance Learning curriculum.

A - The Code of Life Notes WS using DNA: The Code of Life PP (GAPS Login Required)

B - Notes Questions for Nova: Cracking your Genetic Code - MS-LS4-5

C - Genes and Inheritance Notes WS using Genes & Inheritance PP (GAPS Login Required)

D - Use Punnett Square Virtual Lab - glencoe.com with WS

E - Genes & Proteins WS using

F - Use the following links with the Blood Typing Game WS:

G - Dinosaur game: CONSTRUCT-A-SAURUS - brainpop.com for Worksheet

H - Note questions for Great Transitions: The Origin of Birds (2015) 18:59 - hhmi.org

H - The Origin of Birds interactive - hhmi.org with Comparative Anatomy Worksheet

I - Notes Questions for The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch - hhmi.org

I - Phylogenetic Tree of Galapagos Finches

K - Embryo Activity - MS-LS4-3.

L - GMO Socratic Seminar

Keywords

Molecule

DNA

Nitrogen Bases (nucleotides)

Trait

Gene

Proteins (IS pgs. 11,14-17)

Amino acids

Chromosome

DNA Replication (IS pg. 12)

Mutation (IS pgs. 19-20)

Cancer (IS pgs. 21-23)

Tumor

Chemotherapy

Allele

Dominant

Recessive

Natural Selection

Artificial Selection

Gradualism

Punctuated Equilibrium

Adaptation

Homologous Structures

Cladogram

Out group

Common Ancestor

Parsimony/Ockham's Razor

Species (Is the definition specific enough to account for Grolars?)

Variation

Evolution

Scientific Theory

Overproduction

Warm-ups

Letters correspond to the assignments above.

A - Build 10 rungs of a DNA Molecule at Build a DNA Molecule - learn.genetics.utah.edu . Write down the 10 letter pairs you match as you make the rungs of DNA.

A - For the following DNA strands, what nitrogen bases would pair to form the other strand of DNA?

  1. CCGATAGGT

  2. GTCGACTAG

  3. TAACTGCAG

A - Using Journey into Human DNA - pbs.org interactive, summarize what you see in each of the 15 zooms.

A - From the 2 video segments Kinesin protein walking on microtubule - youtube.com and A Day in the Life of a Motor Protein - youtube.com answer the following.

  1. What does a motor protein do?

  2. What are the following in a nerve cell?

    • Axon

    • Cytoskeleton

    • Microtubules

    • Synapse

A - From the website National Cancer Institute: Common Cancer Types - cancer.gov:

  1. List at least 4 common types of cancer.

  2. Research one of the common cancer types to find out: what is it, where does it occur, what increases the chances of getting it, and how common is it?

B - For the following DNA strands, what nitrogen bases would pair to form the other strand of DNA?

  1. TTAGCGTAC

  2. GACGTCATG

  3. GTACGCTAA

B - Research some genetic testing options. (Search Terms: Genetic Testing, DNA Ancestry, Genetic Genealogy)

  1. What are some of the kits you can buy?

  2. What is the primary purpose of each?

  3. Would you want to get your genome tested with one of these kits? Why or why not?

B - Do you have any concerns about DNA testing after watching the Trailer for Gattaca?

B - Summarize one of the sections from: Eugenics Interactive - www.dnai.org/e/

C - For the following DNA strands, what nitrogen bases would pair to form the other strand of DNA?

  1. ATAGGCCAG

  2. GCGGAATTC

  3. TAGGACTAT

C - Look at the Observable Human Characteristics - learn.genetics.utah.edu to find some genetic traits you may have.

C - If you were to breed an pet, what would it be and what traits would it have?

C - Answer the following questions after watching Cloning ethics still murky 20 years after Dolly - youtube.com .

  1. What are some of the concerns that have been raised by cloning?

  2. How has overall public opinion changed over time?

  3. What is your opinion about human clones?

C - Why might the Cavendish Bananas we eat go extinct? How has artificial selection produced this problem? What are possible solutions?

E - Use the RNA: The Versatile Molecule - learn.genetics.utah.edu interactive to compare RNA to DNA on a Venn diagram.

E - Watching the video Amoeba Sisters - Protein Synthesis, describe how a cell goes from DNA to protein in 5 or 6 steps.

E - For the following DNA strands, what nitrogen bases would pair to form an RNA copy? (remember RNA has Uracil instead of Thymine)

  1. GGCTATCCA

  2. CAGCTGATC

  3. ATTGACGTC

E - 4 Questions about RNAi. (2005) 15 mins - pbs.org

G - Do you think hybrid animals should be considered a new species?

H - From the video: Finding Home: A Sea Turtle's Life Cycle Explained (also The Survival of the Sea Turtle - Ted Ed, Sea Turtles: The Lost Years )

What is the life cycle of a sea turtle?

I - Answer the following questions from the 7 minute video - Cladograms - Bozeman Science.

What is a Cladogram?

What is an outgroup?

What is a common ancestor?

What is Ockham's Razor/Parsimony?

I - From the video clip Things You May Not Know About Evolution, list 4 things you did not know. (Mole Rats 2:40)

I - Look at the different beak structures on IS page 51. Match the finch to the type of food you think it eats by information in the names and beak structure:

Finch

  1. Vegetarian tree finch

  2. Cactus ground finch

  3. Medium ground finch

  4. Small tree finch

Food

A. Hard seeds and nuts

B. Insects

C. Berries

D. Cactus

Objectives

  • MS-LS4-2. (IS Chapter 2) - Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships.

  • MS-LS4-3. (IS Chapter 2) - Analyze displays of pictorial data to compare patterns of similarities in the embryological development across multiple species to identify relationships not evident in the fully formed anatomy

  • MS-LS4-4. (IS Chapter 2) - Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment

  • MS-LS4-6. (IS Chapter 2) - Use mathematical representations to support explanations of how natural selection may lead to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time.

  • MS-LS3-1. (IS Chapter 1) - Develop and use a model to describe why structural changes to genes (mutations) located on chromosomes may affect proteins and may result in harmful, beneficial, or neutral effects to the structure and function of the organism.

  • MS-LS4-5. (IS Chapter 1, 2) - Gather and synthesize information about the technologies that have changed the way humans influence the inheritance of desired traits in organisms.

Websites

Genetics & Heredity

Learn Genetics - learn.genetics.utah.edu - Primer on genetics and cell biology with interactives and videos.

Amoeba Sisters - youtube.com

Stated Clearly - statedclearly.com

DNA

DNA from the Beginning - dnaftb.org - An animated primer of 75 experiments that made the field genetics.

Genetics Home Reference - nih.gov - Specific information about each human gene and various genetic conditions.

Genes vs. DNA vs. Chromosomes - Instant Egghead #19

DNAanatomy - johnkyrk.com - Animations of DNA and its replication.

Build DNA - explorelearning.com - Gizmo model for DNA.

yourgenome - youtube

Amoeba Sisters - youtube.com

Your Amazing Molecular Machines - youtube.com - Understandable narration of Drew Berry's animations.

The Science of Picky Eaters (2009) 12:45 mins - pbs.org

Genome

Extract Your DNA! - pbs.org - NOVA DIY for seeing your own DNA!

Cracking the Code of Life. (2001) 113 mins - pbs.org - Sequencing of human genome.

Mutations

Nova: Cracking your Genetic Code - pbs.org - Possibilities and pitfalls of genetic testing. note questions

TED-Ed

Two-Thirds of All Cancers Are Caused by One Thing: Your DNA - youtube.com

Epigenetics

RNAi. (2005) 15 mins - pbs.org - RNAi. (2005) 15 mins, NOVA. Fun analogy of how DNA and RNA work together to create proteins and the discovery of interference RNA.

Stem Cells Breakthrough. (2008) 14 mins - pbs.org

Epigenetics (2007) 15 mins - pbs.org

Epigenetics - learn.genetics.utah.edu - Videos and interactives.

Inheritance

Punnett Square Virtual Lab - glencoe.com *

Genetics - INQ-ITS Virtual Labs *

Diversity of Traits - INQ-ITS Virtual Labs *

Blood Typing

Multiple Alleles (ABO Blood Types) and Punnett Squares - Youtube.com *

Genes and Blood Type - learn.genetics.utah.edu *

The Blood Typing Game - nobelprize.org - Direct link. - video (3 mins) *

Artificial Selection

Popped Secret: The Mysterious Origin of Corn — HHMI BioInteractive Video *

Dmitry Belyaev and Fox Experiments - youtube.com *

Design Your Own Baby: Patent Granted - youtube.com *

Cloning

1996: Dolly the sheep cloned - youtube.com *

Clones of Dolly the Sheep Age Well - youtube.com *

Cloning ethics still murky 20 years after Dolly - youtube.com *

How Close Are We to Resurrecting Extinct Species? - youtube.com

GE Socratic Seminar

Main Questions

    • Should genetic engineering be allowed outside of medical uses?

    • Should GE crops be allowed in Willamette Valley?

    • How should we protect non-GE crops?

    • How should we deal with super-weeds?

Related Questions:

    • Should GE food be labelled as such?

    • Can GE companies be trusted to be reasonably responsible?

    • Can the government be trusted to properly regulate GE food and crops?