See somebody do와 see somebody doing

1. 기본 구조

1) see somebody do

다음 예문을 보지요:

Tom got into his car and drove away. You saw this.

이 두 문장은 다음과 같은 한 문장으로 말할 수 있습니다.

• • I saw Tom get into his car and drive away.

이 구조에서는 get/drive/do와 같은 동사 원형이 사용됩니다:

Somebody did something + I saw this

I saw somebody do something.

여기서는 to를 사용하지 않습니다:

• • We saw them go out. (not to go)

2) see somebody doing

다음 예문을 살펴 보지요:

Yesterday you saw Ann. She was waiting for a bus.

이 문장은 다음과 같이 말할 수 있습니다:

• • I saw Ann waiting for a bus.

이 구조에서는 waiting과 같은 -ing를 사용합니다:

Somebody was doing something + I saw this

I saw somebody doing something.

2. 두 형식의 차이점

1) I saw him do something = he did something (단순 과거), and I saw this(나는 그의 행위를 처음부터 끝까지 전부 다 보았습니다).

• • He fell off the wall. I saw this. -> I saw him fall off the wall.

  • The accident happened. Did you see this? -> Did you see the accident happen?

2) I saw him doing something = he was doing something(과거 진행형), and I saw this(나는 그가 뭔가를 하고 있는 중인 것을 보았습니다. 이것은 전부 다 보았다는 것을 의미하지 않습니다).

• • He was walking along the street. -> I saw him walking along the street.

I saw this when I drove past in my car.

경우에 따라서는 이 두 구조의 차이는 크게 중요하지 않으며, 모두 사용할 수 있습니다:

• • I've never seen her dance. or I've never seen her dancing.

3. 같은 형식을 사용하는 동사

이와 같은 형식은 see와 hear 같은 일부 동사들과 함께 사용합니다:

• • I didn't hear you come in. (= you came in but I didn't hear this)

  • Liz suddenly felt something touch her on the shoulder.

  • Did you notice anyone go out?

• I could hear it raining. (= it was raining and I could hear it)

• The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.

• Listen to the birds singing!

• Can you smell something burning?

• I found Sue in my room reading my letters.