다음 상황을 살펴보세요.
Jack과 Jill은 작년에 해변에서 휴가를 보냈습니다. 비가 많이 왔었지만, 재미있게 보냈습니다. 이 상황에 대해 다음과 같이 표현할 수 있습니다.
Although it rained a lot, they enjoyed themselves.
(= It rained a lot, but they ...)
또는
In spite of
Despite
the rain, they enjoyed themselves.
although 다음에는 "주어 + 동사"가 옵니다:
Although it rained a lot, we enjoyed our vacation.
I didn't get the job although I was extremely qualified.
although와 because의 비교:
We went out although it was raining.
We didn't' go out because it was raining.
in spite of 또는 despite 다음에는 명사, 대명사(this/that/what 등) 또는 -ing가 옵니다:
In spite of the rain, we enjoyed our vacation.
I didn't get the job in spite of being extremely qualified.
She felt sick, but in spite of this she went to work.
In spite of what I said yesterday, I still love you.
Despite는 in spite of와 같습니다. despite에는 of를 사용하지 않습니다:
She felt sick, but despite this she went to work. (not despite of this)
in spite of the fact (that)과 depste the fact (that):
I didn't get the job
in spite of the fact (that)
despite the fact (that)
I was extremely qualified.
in spite of와 bacause of의 비교:
We went out in spite of the rain. (or despite the rain)
We didn't go out because of the rain.
although와 in spite of / despite의 비교:
Although the traffic was bad,
In spite of the traffic,
I arrived on time. (not In spite of the traffic was bad)
I couldn't sleep
although I was very tired.
despite being very tired.
(not despite I was tired)
경우에 따라서 although 대신 though를 사용하기도 합니다:
I didn't get the job though I had all the nessary qualifications.
구어체에서는 문장 말미에 though를 사용하기도 합니다:
The house isn't very nice. I like the garden though. (= but I like the garden)
I see him every day. I've never spoken to him though. (= but I've never spoken to him)
even though는 though보다 강한 표현입니다:
Even though I was really tired, I couldn't sleep. (not Even I was really tired)