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Food drying up and hanging out in large intestine can last 18 hours to 2 days!
In our lifetime, digestive system may handle about 50 tons!!
Fun Fax
Fun Fax
HOW LONG ARE YOUR INTESTINES?
At least __?__ in an adult. Be glad you're not a full-grown horse -- their coiled-up intestines are 89 feet long!
Organs that take food and liquids to break them down into substances that the body can use for energy, growth, and tissue repair. Waste products the body cannot use leave the body through bowel movements.
Digestive system includes
Mouth
Pharynx (throat)
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
Anus
It also includes salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, which make digestive juices and enzymes helping body digest food and liquids. Also called gastrointestinal system.
Digestion
Digestion
Phases Include
Ingestion
Movement
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
Absorption
Elimination
Types
Mechanical (physical)
Chew
Tear
Grind
Mash
Mix
Chemical
Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Digestive System Organization
Digestive System Organization
Gastrointestinal (Gl) tract
Essentially one long tube with two openings
The entire length is lined with epithelial tissue
Direct link/path between organs
Structures
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
Mouth
Mouth
Teeth mechanically break food into small pieces. Tongue mix food with saliva (contains amylase that helps break down starch).
Epiglottis: flap-like structure at back of throat closing over trachea preventing food from entering.
Esophagus
Esophagus
Around 10" long
Funtion include:
Secrete mucus
Move food from throat to stomach using muscle movement called peristalsis
If acid from stomach gets in here that's hearburn
Stomach
Stomach
J-shaped muscular bag storeing food we ate, breaks it into tiny pieces.
Mixes food with digestive juices that contain enzymes to break down proteins and lipids.
Acid in stomach kill bacteria.
Food found stomach is now called chyme.
Villi
Villi
Small Intestine
Small Intestine
Roughly 6-7 meters long!
Lining of intestine walls has finger-like projections called villi, to increase surface area.
Villi are covered in microvilli which further increases surface area for absorption.
Nutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls.
Absorbs:
80% ingested water
Vitamins
Minerals
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Secretes digestive enzymes
Large Intestine
Also known as colon Large Intestine
Final part of digestive system in both humans and vertabratesAbout 1.5 m long
Larger in diameter vs. small intestine
Absorbs water
Rectum (short term storage which holds feces before it is expelled).
Depending on the maturity of the group, you can talk about the feces leaving via the anus.
Mention the appendix at the bottom of the ascending colon and that it might have been used long ago but is not today
Mention the portions of the large intestine, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, and rectum (last one if the audience is mature enough).
Large intestine is split into many parts, such as
Cecum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anus
Symbiotic: interaction between 2 different organisms living in close physical association.
Vital: absolutely necessary or important; essential.
Begining section is called "cecum" a pouch-like structure connecting small intestine to colon. It receives digestive food from a small intestine's section the "ileum".
After going upward the "ascending colon" it turns right to a horizontal hallway called "transverse colon", than down to "descending colon" and the horizontal "S" section called "sigmoid" ending at the
Water and salt is absorbed in large intestine and also food which turns into feces/poop which is stored in the sigmoid until it goes to rectum.
The large intestine contains trillions of bacteria part of the microbiome that have a very symbiotic relationship.
The bacteria produces Vitamin K and B and are vital digestion and health of large intestine.
Accessory Organs
Accessory Organs
Not part of the path of food, but play a critical role.
Include: Liver, gall bladder, and pancreas
Liver
Liver
Directyl affect digestion by producing bile
Bile and digest fat
Filter out toxins and waste includign drugs and alchol.
Gall Bladder
Gall Bladder
Stores bile from the liver into the small intestine
Fatty diets can cause gallstones.
Pancreas
Pancreas
Produce digestive enzymes to diet fats carbohydrates and proteins.
Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin
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