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a Malus domestica tree
Apples are made of ~ 85% water, 14% carbohydrates (sugars and fiber), small vitamins amounts (C), minerals, and many phytochemicals, especially antioxidants.
They're fruits of the Malus domestica trees, of the Rosaceae family - the trees that mainly make apples.
etm: In Latin, "Malus" means "apple tree," and "domestica" means "domesticated, refering to apple bred for fruit production.
They develop from flowers through a process called pollination, where bees and other insects transfer pollen between flowers, leading to fertilization.
Once fertilized, flower's ovary swells and forms the apple.
Structures:
Skin (Exocarp): Rich in antioxidants and fiber, the skin protects the fruit.
Flesh (Mesocarp): This part contains most of the water, sugars (mainly fructose), and nutrients.
Core (Endocarp): Holds seeds, which are dispersed to propagate the species.
Apples are also full of phytonutrients, like flavonoids, which help protect the tree from pests and diseases and provide health benefits to us.
Apple trees came from Central Asia, with Malus sieversii as the wild ancestor still found there.
The word "apple"'s Old English ancestor æppel, is from the Proto-Germanic noun aplaz.
Apples are pomes that matures in late summer/autumn. The true fruits or carpels are harder interior chambers in their core. Apples have often 5 carpels, with few as 3. Each chambers have 1-2 seeds.
Its edible flesh is formed from receptacle at its flower's base of the flower.
Why apples darken
Why apples darken
Due to
Apples can be covered by acariens as they consume often leaves and skins of the fruits, which cause visible damages.
They are in large number and attack to apple trees for nutriments, which weakens the tree, affecting apple's appearance and quality.
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