Dictyonema coppinsii (interruptum)
(cc) BY-NC Dave GenneyDictyonema coppinsii (interruptum)
(cc) BY-NC Dave GenneyProf. Roy Watling
[check position - Atheliaceae ?]
TFTaDMSSoCAR Athelia rolfsii As Corticium rolfsii recorded as causing Stem Rot of Celtuce (cross between Celery & Lettuce) in Clyde (Lanarkshire, Lesmahagow, 1943). Sclerotia were also found amongst the seed and appears under anamorphic name Sclerotium rolfsii..
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. nivea Two collections still remain in E not re-identified as P. crispa. viz. Tay (Dunkeld, 27 ix 1993) & Clyde (Ardtrossan Wd., Earn, on Alnus, x 1982).
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. crispa Common in some areas on attached to branches of Corylus, Alnus and especially Fagus.On Fagus branches. Several sites in Tweed (Dawyck on Fagus 11 x 2000), Tay (Ardtaliang Glen, Perthshire; 21 I 2002; Birks of Aberfeldy, 23 v 2003; Blairgowrie, on Corylus, 28 ii 1976; Balnaguard, on Salix, 24 ix 1979; Glen Lyon, on Corylus 22 v 1976 & on Fagus & Alnus, 30 ix 1961; Fortingall, on Corylus, 21 I 2002) and Forth (Roslin on Fagus 20 ix 1992; Saltoun Big Wood, on Fagus, 24 vi 2000; Aberfoyle, on Corylus 10 x 1970 & 23 v 2003; Drummond Castle on Fagus 24 iv 1976; Mavis Bank, Edinb. on Fagus; River Devon near Vicar’s Bridge 16 ii 1975), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Clyde (Cleghorn Glen, on Alnus 6 x 1985 & Chatelherault on Corylus), Dee(nr. Braemar, on Corylus, 15 v 1968) and Moray (Darnaway, on Alnus, 6 v 1967). A collection made by A. Jerdon as Cantharellus is probably from Tweed. In Stevenson as Trogia on Betula twigs from Tweed, Tay, Moray and Clyde. Record of Plicatura nivea on Corylus from Forth (Falls of Lenny, near Callander) is the present species.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. atropuncta Dotted Fanvault Single record from edge of shrubbery Clyde (Linn Park near Glasgow, 4 x 1987).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. foetens In pastures and grassy areas. Known from St Kilda, Skye and Rhum and from lawns at St Magnus Cathedral, Kirkwall, Orkney; absent from Shetland. Rare on mainland Scotland. Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. hymenocephala Single record from Moray (Glen Affric, 18 xii 1958).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. micacea In pastures and thickets. Single record on soil amongst Pterdiium from Ross (Rhue near Ullapool, 30 viii 1994).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. schulzeri In pastures and on bare soil in woodland. Known from Mull and more recently from Skye (20 ix 2000) but neither Shetland nor Orkney. Records from Tweed (Abbotsford, 8 x 1999 & Firestone Edge 3 x 1999), Tay (Cochieville nr. Fortingall 2 x 1961) and Clyde (Creinch, Loch Lomond, 5 ix 1980)
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. acuta Pointed Club. On soil in open woodland and also in cool greenhouses amongst pot plants. Known from Forth (Balerno, 18 x 1964), Tay (Drummond Hill, nr. Fortingall, 27 ix 1961), Tweed (Pot Law, Borders, 23 x 1999; Dawyck near Taxus, 30 ix 2001), Clyde (Blantyre & Cleghorn Glen) and Moray (Abernethy, 13 ix 1988). Also in greenhouses Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., Research Block, with Sequioa sempervirens, iii 1989; with Papuacedrus papuana, 10 iii 1987) and Tay (greenhouse Old St Andrews BGdn. 2 xi 1954). Records from Mull and Ulva. Included here are records as C. asterospora for which there are records for Clyde (Creinch, Loch Lomond, 6 ix 1980; Cadzow Castle, under Fagus & Acer peudoplatanus, ix 1987 & Chatelherault).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. amoenoides Known from single Scottish collection found as unident. Specimen in K. Clyde (Lanarkshire, Glasgow, Loch Lomond Park, 6 x 1939). Known from other areas of UK although originally described from India.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. argillacea Moor Club. On peaty soil especially on moorlands and acidic grasslands, usually with Calluna vulgaris; also with potted Ericaceae with which it is possibly mycorrhizal. Known from Tay (Black Wd., Rannoch, 29 viii 1954; Rannoch, 6 x 1965), Moray (Coylum Bridge, Aviemore, 16 ix 1957); also Arran and widespread on Shetland incl. Foula, Fetlar and Yell, and from Orkney. Recorded in cool greenhouses from Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., Rhododendron Hse., 12 ii 1962 & with Gaultheria leucocarpa, x 1984). Noted in Stevenson from Tay & Dee
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. crosslandii Recorded as C. tenuipes from Scotland but only a single collection Forth (RBGdn., Edinb. Rhododendron Hse, 17 i 1982).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. fragilis White Spindles. Common in unimproved grassland; better known as C. vermicularis. All records as C. vermicularis Tay (West Sands, St Andrews, 7 xi 1958; Fortingall, 26 ix 1961), Moray (Aviemore, ix 1938) and Forth (Lothians); also records from Rhum, Shetland incl. Fetlar and Orkney. Old collections in E included unlocalized Menzies collection, Greville collections from Balmuto, Fife and from Carlowie and record from Clyde (Glasgow Bot. Gdn., 2 xi 1889 as C. fragilis). Also material from Druidibeg, South Uist, 5 ix 1967. Var. gracilis is recorded from Clyde (Chatelherault) and var. sphaerospora from Clyde (Blantyre). In Stevenson as C. vermicularis and recorded fro Tweed, Forth, Tay, Moray & Clyde and as C. fragilis from all Watersheds except Tweed, Sutherland & Ross.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. fumosa Smokey Spindles. Common in unimproved grassland. Known from Forth (Carberry Tower, 24 ix 2000), Moray (Abernethy, 3 & 11 ix 1988), Tweed (Whitropefoot, Borders, 3 x 1999; Range Cleuch, Borders, 23 x 1999) and Ross (Rassal Wd., 14 ix 1963); also known from Shetland, Mull, St Kilda Rhum and Skye (Rubha Hunish 27ix 1980). In Stevenson recorded from Forth & Tay.
TFTaDMSSoCAR ?C. incarnata Recorded from Scotland but material from Forth (Balerno, 18 x 1964) appears to be a Clavulinopsis fide Olexia.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. purpurea Purple Spindles. Single unlocalized Scottish collection in K. Placed by some authorities in Alloclavaria. In Stevenson known from Moray (Rothiemurchus, Rev. Keith).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. rosea Rose Spindles. In grassy areas in open woodland. Records from Forth (Megget, Edinb., 1 x 2000), Solway (Dalbeattie, Kircudbrightshire, 2 vii 1985) and Moray (Drumochter, ? 1999). Early record from Moray (Forres). In Stvenson noted for Tweed & Tay.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. straminea Straw Spindles. In unimproved grassland. Several collections from Tweed (Sourhope, viii & ix 2003 see D. Lewis thesis) and recent record from Forth (M. Clarkson). As C. flavipes Tweed (Posso, 7 x 2000).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. zollingeri Violet Spindles. In unimproved rough grassland and grassy woodland margins. Known from Tweed (Dawyck, 16 viii 1998), Forth (Dollar, ix 1985; Chamberlain Rd., Edinb., 18 I 1979; Bridge of Allan, 23 ix 1973), Argylle (nr. Ardfern, 5 x 1997; Acharagle, 11 ix 1975), Sutherland (Glen Lerang, 6 viii 1984) and Moray (Abernethy, 3 ix 1988). Also recorded from St Kilda, and Mull. As C. amethystea recorded from Forth (Airthley castle, Stirling, 5 x 1968) and record from Orphir, Orkney
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. corniculata Meadow Coral. Common in unimproved grasslanmd and open grassy woodlands; also on lawns. Known from Forth (Swanston, 12 x 1961; Roslin, 14 x 1961; Fintry, Stirlingshire, 27 x 1994; Rhind Hill, Fife, 30 x 2000; Blinkbonny, Edinb., 2 x 1983 & 1 x 2004; Creagmead Meadows, Fife, 12 x 2000; Arniston, 18 ix 2004), Ross (Tornapress, Applecross, 13 ix 1963), Clyde ( Chatelherault; Tarbert, xi 1920; Carnwath, in birchwood, 29 ix 1958), Sutherland (Strathnaver, 24 ix 1984) and Tay (Jubilee Course, St Andrews, 10 x 1954; Tentsmuir, 4 xi 1965). Also known with var. pratensis from St Kilda, Shetland incl. Yell, Housay, Arran, Islay, Mull and Ulva, Rhum, St Kilda, Orkney incl. North Ronaldsay, Birsay and Westray. Var. pratensis refers to slightly orange brown strongly but shortly branched populations. Old collections in E include Greville collection labelled C. pratensis = C. fastigiata from Carlowie, unlocalized Menzies collection labelled C. muscoides = C. corniculata and ‘C.pratensis in moss in field Oct. 1830 Klotzsch’- no further data. The last variety known from Arran. As C. fastigiata in Stevenson for all Wastersheds except Sutherland & Argylle. Stevenson also records C. muscoides from Forth, Tay, Moray & Clyde.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. fusiformis Golden Spindles. Common in unimproved grassland less frequently in open woodland; often on lawns. Known from Tweed (Walkerburn, 28 ix 1972; Eskdalemuir, 23 x 1999; Meldon, Tweedale, 29 ix 1999), Ross (Gairloch, 8 viii 2001), Forth (Balerno, 31 x 1960; Hopetoun Hse., South Queensferry, 27 ix 1980; Blinkbonny, Edinb., 1 xi 1994; Penicuik Hse., 17 x 1953), Moray (Tomich, 31 viii 1957; Glenmore Forest Park, 22 viii 2005), Argylle (Danna Hills, 10 xi 1964), Tay (Glen Lyon, 26 ix 1961; Fortingall, 26 ix 1961; Garth, 27 ix & 2 x 1961) and Clyde (Chatelherault; Inchlonaig, Loch Lomond, under Taxus, 13 x 1775 – incl. collection showing secondary thickening after grazing, by deer?). Also known from Arran, Colonsay (10 x 1985), Shetland incl. Foula, Yell and Bressay, Skye incl. Raasay, Orkney incl. Eday. Single unlocalised Greville collection in E. In Stevenson noted for Tweed, Forth, Tay & Argylle.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. helvola Yellow Spindles. Common in unimproved often rather acidic grasslands and poorly maintained lawns; also referred to as C. inaequalis. Known from Tweed (Dawyck, in shade beside Scrape stream, 10 x 2004 & Vista 30 ix 2001), Clyde (Chatelherault, L. Nethan & Blantyre), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Forth (Blinkbonny, Edinb., 29 x 1990 & 1 x 2004; Balerno, 25 ix 1953; RBGdn., Edinb., 28 viii 1961; Pittencreif Pk., 9 x 1977). Also material from Orkney incl. North Ronaldsay, Shetland incl. Fair Isle, Fetlar and Foula, Mull & Ulva, Arran, Islay, Colonsay (7 x 1994) and St Kilda. As C. inaequalis Ross (Applecross, Dennis, 1946), Clyde (Falls oif Clyde, woodland garden, 12 x 1974), Forth (Loch Leven, 26 ix 1967) and Dee (Dinnet, 29 ix 1967; Forvie Sands, 16 x 1962). Unlocalized collection in Menzies herb. in E. Noted in Stevenson for all Watersheds except Sutherland & Ross; var. aurantiaca with single records from Tay (Glamis); also probably as C. rufa from Tay (Rannoch, Dr.Buchanan White; The Burn, Miss McInroy) in Stevenson belong here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. laeticolor Handsome Spindles. In unimproved grassland; also known as C. pulchra. Known from Tweed (Peebles, 6 ix 2000; Williamhope, Borders, 30 x 1999; Yarrow, 23 x 1999), Forth (Lothians) and Tay (Methven Wd., Mid-Perth, as var. bulbispora, 16 ix 1978). As C. pulchra Clyde (Craigmaddie, 8 ix 1980).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. luteoalba Apricot Spindles. In unimproved grassland. Known from Tweed (Dawyck, vista, 2 xi 2000; Glen Highton, Borders, 6 xi 1999; Peebles, 6 ix 2000), Clyde (Blantyre, Falls of Clyde & L. Nethan; Black Mount, Strathclyde, 31 x 1999), Forth (Penicuik, 17 x 1953; Tyninghamme, 25 ix 1954), Moray (Abernethy, 11 ix 1988) and Tay (Fortingall, 2 x 1961; Glen Lyon, 26 ix 1961). Known from Shetland, Orkney incl. Eday, Mull incl. Geometra; record from Chalybeate Well, 31 x 1999. Var. longispora noted from Forth (Carberry Tower, 24 ix 2000).
TFTaDMSSoCAR ?C. rufipes Collection agreeing in part with this taxon found in pot with Cupressus funebris Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., ix 1989 and earliuer in Research Block, 3 iv 1989).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. subtilis A record from Clyde (Chatelherault).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. umbrinella Beige Coral. Known from Tweed (Mowhaugh, Borders, 3 x 1999 & Glen Highton, Borders, 6 xi 1999), Clyde (Creinch, Lcoh Lomond, 5 ix 1980) and Forth (Hopetoun Hse., South Queensferry, 0n lawns, 1 xi 2009) and from Mull. Records of C. umbrina in Stevenson probably belong here; noted for Tay (Blair Atholl, Miss McInroy).
TFTaDMSSoCAR M. fistulosus Pipe Club Recent records from Tweed (Dawyck in birch wood, 7 & 13 x 1995,19 x 1997 & 28 xi 2006; Pressman’s Wd., 14 x 1995; Mellerstain Hse., on buried wood, 14 x 1995), Forth (Craighall Gorge, 21 x 1996) and Argyle (Shewalton Moors NS 351358, xi 1999); also recorded from Skye. Single record in Stevenson from Tay and as var. ardenia from North Esk, by the Rev. J. Ferguson - Tay.
Var. contorta sometimes considered an independent taxon and recorded as such for Forth (Sheriffmuir, 1 xi 1988), Tweed (Dawyck 28 xi 2006) and Tay (Glen Lyon, 30 ix 1961) occurs on small twiggy debris, especially of Alnus. It is probably more common than the type variety. Recent records from Clyde (Cleghorn Glen & Falls of Clyde, 9 x 1983), Tweed (Dawyck, on Betula twigs, 7 x 1995), Forth (Lake of Monteith, 5 xi 1990). Also known from Skye and Mull, Loggerheads VC 51, x 1978 and Kyleakin, 20 x 1980 both on Betula. On Betula pubescens Calltuin, Nedd 28 x 1995. In Stevenson recorded from Tweed, Tay, Dee & Clyde. Scottish record of Calocera tuberosa Sow. Recorded in Stevenson from Moray (Dunphail, 1873, Rev. Keith) and described from England belongs here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR M. juncea Slender Club. Recent records from damp litter Clyde (Falls of Clyde), Forth (Balerno, 18 x 1964) and Argylle (Llanbrde, nr. Connel, 12 xi 1996) and on leaf of Prunus laurocerasus, Aros Park, Mull. In Stevenson known only from Tay.
TFTaDMSSoCAR M. calva Recent records from Moray (Glenmore Forest Pk., on rotten Pinus sylvestris, 24 viii 2005) and Dee (Loch of Leys, 20 iv 2008). As unidentified Hydnum sp. in E. from Tay (Breadalbane, no further data – ‘No 25 Edinburgh University Herbarium’. Reported (possible same record?) from Central Highlands fide Dennis, 1986.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. crocea Rather rare. A collection on Dryopteris debris on woodland floor from Tay (Kindrogan, 1 ix 1998) and a second unlocalized Scottish collection. In Stevenson noted fort Tay (Glamis).
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. kunzei Ivory Coral. In open woodland on soil. Known from Clyde (Chatelherault; Falls of Clyde, 12 x 1974; Aros, Strathclyde, 20 I 81; Black Mount, Strathclyde, 31 x 1999), Tweed (Meldon, Tweedale, 29 ix 1999), Dee (Monymusk, Aberdeen, 7 ix 1975), Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., Research Hse., 28 x 1981) and Arran. Also known from Mull, Rhum and Marglolly, xxxxx 14 x 2000 – localise?. Recorded from Tay (Glamis, 1874 & Moncreiffe, 1875 by Berkeley and Broome as Clavaria krombholzii). Under C. kunzei in Stevenson recordedf fro Tay & Moray. Collection agreeing with var. subasperata known from Arran.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. pulchella Reported from Scotland. see New Check List authors.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. tenuiramosa Collection from Forth (Blinkbonny, Edinb., under Cedrus deodara, 7 xi 1982; RBGdn, Edinb. undated coll.).
Species in this section sometimes placed in Omphalina
TFTaDMSSoCAR A. griseopallida Known only from Skye.
TFTaDMSSoCAR A. rickenii Known from a single record from Booth of Toft, Shetland. However records for Ag (Omphalia) muralis in Stevenson from all Watersheds but Solway and Argyle may refer here. Ag. (Omphalia) muralis is a species based on a Sowerby Plate. The interpretation adopted, however does not appear to be this same taxon. This species was renamed Omphalina cupulata (= Cantharellus of classic authors) by Orton (1960) although Orton’s interpretation refers to a different fungus and needs re-collection. Records of Cantharellus helvelloides could belong here. Stevenson indicates that Cantharellus stevensonii is very near to Cantharellus cupulatus;. see Gerronema below.
TFTaDMSSoCAR A. acerosa Moss Oysterling On soil often in mosses and under trees. Recent records from Forth (Roslin, 14 x 1901(check date); Tillicoutry, 27 ix 1988; Alva, Stirling, 20 x 1985 & RBGdn., Edinb. 4 x 1954), Dee (Dinnett Wd.), Tay (Tentsmuir, 1 x 1965; Dall, Rannoch, 21 ix 1968; Kindrogan, 19 viii 1966 thru’ 7 ix 1971), Ross (Ciste Dubh 22 viii 1980; Beinn Eighe on Calluna stems, 21 ix 1956; Loch Maree, 12 ix 1967; Loch Carron, 23 x 1962), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000) and Moray (Guisachen, near Tomich 1 ix 1957; Loch an Eilean, 22 viii 2005). Recorded from Mull and Shetland. In Stevenson as Ag. (Pleurotus) known from Tay (Glamis) and in Add 1 from Moray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR A. latispora On mossy soil and probably better known as A. tremula. Recent records from Moray (Tomich 28 viii 1957; Rothiemurchus 10 ix 1957, 10 ix 1959 & 7 ix 1960) and St Kilda. In E Material ex Klotzsch ‘Ad terram Highlands July 1830’, the record of which undoubtedly appears in Stevenson and noted as Ag. (Pleurotus) tremulus from the Highlands - Moray by Hooker.
TFTaDMSSoCAR A. lobata In wet boggy hill pasture, Sutherland (Flow Country, Caithness) and Forth (Easter Inch Moss, Lothians, v 2007). In Stevenson as Cantharellus from Tweed, Forth, Tay, Dee and Clyde.
TFTaDMSSoCAR A. spathulata As Cantharellus muscigenus and known from Tweed, Tay & Moray in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR A. retiruge Recent records from Tweed (Meldons, on side of track, 20 viii 2008), Forth (Trapain Law, amongst Brachythecium plumulosum, h 16 ix 2006; Gosforth, on mossy log 7 ii 2010), Tay (Crianlarich, autumn 2000 B.J.Coppins) and Mull. Two Watersheds in Stevenson for this fungus as Cantharellus, viz. Clyde & Moray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR D. interruptum (D. coppinsii) A basidiolichen growing amongst and on moss on branches. Known only fromTobermory on Fagus, Mull.
TFTaDMSSoCAR A. clavipes Club Foot In woods and hedgerows amongst leaf-litter of frondose trees, less frequently under conifers.. Known from Forth (Lothian), Tweed (Dawyck), Tay (Rannoch, 20 ix 1973, amongst Salix repens Kindrogan, 20 x 1968 & Tentsmuir, 10 x 1971), Clyde (Chatelherault and Falls of Clyde, the latter under Larix) and Moray (Upper Tullochgruie, Culbin Forest, Craigellachie, Abernethy, Glenmore Forest Pk., 20-26 viii 2005; Rothiemurchus, 25 viii 1963). Recent records from Mull with Betula. Surprisingly recorded with description only from Tay, Dee and Moray in Stevenson and Tweed in Add. 4 and for Solway in Add. 8
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. chrysophylla Golden Navel Two records from Moray (Loch an Eilean, 21 viii 1961 & Plodda, Glen Affric 1 ix 1965) and Tay (Rannoch 10 ix 1997).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. grossula On stumps and trunks of conifer wood especially Picea and Pinus and more recently on wood chip mulch. Records from Moray (Rothiemurchus 13 ix 1957; Culloden, 20 x 1989) and Tweed (Dawyck, 23 x 1997 thru’ to 10 x 2004 and Peebles 1 ix 1994), Tay (Black Craig near Blairgowrie, 25 viii 1970; Straloch near Kindrogan 18 viii 1978 and Dall Rannoch 7 x1976) and Clyde (Ben More BGdn., Dunoonon,wood chips and conifer poles, 6 ix 1963). Also recorded from Mull and Skye on stumps. Often recorded as Omphalina grossula, O. abiegna and O. wynniae.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. calyptraeformis Pinx Waxcap or Ballerina Widespread and dispite it being a flag ship species for conservation it is not uncommon insome areas at least. In rough grazed pastures, grassy moorlands and long established lawns. On mainland Scotland known from Sutherland (Strahnaver broch of Dun Uiden Dennis, 1955), Forth (Prestonhall and Ravelston Golf course, Mid Lothian, Hopetoun House 217 1x 1998 to 12 x 2002, Prestonhall Pathhead 29 ix 2001, Vogrie Park 8 ix 1990 & Menstrie, Stirling 11 x 1987), Tweed (Kingsmuir, Peebles), Clyde (Linn Park 1 xi 1989, Criench, Loch Lomond Reserve 10 x 1979; Kintyre &L. Nethan) and Kintyre Known from Mull in the Hebridean islands, from N. Walls & Eday on Orkney and Booth of Toft, Shetland.. In Stevenson also recorded form Tay and Ross.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. canescens Records supported by material from Forth ( Pentlands), Argylle (Connell 18 x 1985) and Skye (4 ix 2000).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. cinerea In pastures. Single record from Blyghasaary Check locality and from Argylle (Dorlin Dennis 1951) and Moray (Castle Tirrim in Moidart – Dennis, 1955). Known from Tay (Rannoch and Killin) as H. pratensis var. cinerea in Stevenson; confused in the past with H. canescens q.v.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. colemanniana Toasted Waxcap Known as both H. colemannianus and H. subradiatus. Known also from Forth (Crichton Castle, 11 x 1964) and Tay (Dall, 11 x 1960 & 17 x 1965 and Camghouran, 18 x 1960 & 20 x 1963 both Rannoch) both as H. subradiatus and Forth (Menstrie Glen, Stirling, 11 x 1981 and Craimeade Meadows, Fife, 1 x 2000) and NT 34575, 30 x 1999. As H. subradiatus in pastures, Fetlar, St Ninians & Unst on Shetland and Mull. Under Castanea & Quercus, Mull. Description of recent collections by Orton in Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb. xxxx
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. flavipes Yellowfoot Waxcap In pastures. Known from Forth and Tweed (Bellenden Rig ix 2000). Known from Skye, Mull, Rhum, and Foula in Shetland; also from Kintyre. Surprisingly not recorded from Orkney. Previously called H. lacmus, indeed records under this name should be referred here, including H. subradiatus var. lacmus in Stevenson (Loch Marree - Ross), who notes the yellow stem-base.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. lacmus Grey Waxcap From Mainland Scotland known from Glenhighton, 6 x 1999 (NT 097326) and Quaveburn, 2 x 2000 (NT 227182), Moray (Tomich, 24 viii 1964) and Forth (Hopetoun House, 27 ix 1980). See H. flavipes above which refers to an earlier interpretation of this fungus. See Orton’s account (1960) based on material from Tay (Dall, Rannoch). Recorded as H. subviolacea from Bressay and Fetlar in Shetland and several sites on Mainland Orkney; known from Arran and Mull. In Stevenson Add 1 as H. subradiatus var. lacmus from Rannoch collected by Dr.Buchanan White - Tay.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. ortonii Pale Waxcap Sometimes considered a pale form of H. pratensis and then as var. pallidus but although widespread is less common than type variety; both share the same habitat. Previously known as H. berkeleyi of which the type from Devon is in E. Extensively distributed in Forth, Clyde (Linn Park,Glasgow, 1 xi 1989), Tweed (Eildon Hills, 26 ix 1999) and Ross (Loch Loin, 14 ix 1963). Known from Arran, St. Kilda, Harris, S.Uist, Coll, Skye, Islay and Rhum, from Shetland recorded from Mainland, Fetlar, Out Skerries, Foula, Whalsay and Mousa, and from Graemsay and Westray on Orkney
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. pratensis Meadow or Butter Waxcap In pastures; common and widespread. Rceords from Forth (Cowdenbeath, 12 x 1997; RBGdn., Edinb. on Quercus lawn, 3 x 1952; occurring there in garden in December in east of Edinburgh), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Sutherland (Conival, Balfour-Browne, 1951; Tongue and Strathnaver, Dennis, 1955), Ross (Applecross, Dennis, 19498), Tay (Ben Vrackie,22 viii 1987; Ben Lawers at 1280m. 29 viii 1981), Dee (Cairnwell, with Salix herbacea, 12 ix 1978 & 8 ix 1984), Argylle (Dorlin Dennis 1951) and Moray (Glen Affric, 7 ix 1988 at high altitude & Breariach, Creagg Megaidh, at 949-1072m., 4 ix 2003). Recorded from many places in Orkney including, Hoy, Eday, Papa Westray and S. & N. Ronaldsays and from all major localities in Shetland, including Unst, Yell, Foula, Fetlar and Mainland, e.g. Sumburgh, Kergord etc.. Known from St. Kilda, Harris, S.Uist, Mingulay, Coll, Skye (Ben More at 760m.), Arran, Rhum, Mull, Islay & Colonsay. Recorded from Kintyre. Two collections in E from Klotzsch annotated ‘In pratis fungi Aug.-Oct. 1830’; also material dated x 1898 from Pentlands and Bavelaw x 1880 - Forth. Known from all the Watersheds of Scotland. in Stevenson. Attacked by Penicillium paxilli Fetlar, Shetland. .
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. russocoriacea Cedarwood Waxcap In pastures but although not common widepsread. Known also from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000; Kintyre) as well as localities in mainland Scotland including Ross (Applecross & Gairloch, Dennis, 1948), Forth (Fairmilehead, Edinb., 12 x 1960; RBGdn., Edinb., 28 viii 1961), Tay ( Dall, Rannoch, 12 x 1965) and Sutherland (Strathnaver nr. Bettyhill, 22 ix 1975; also see Savage Field Mycol 9). Known from Foula, Outer Skerries and Fair Is. in addition to Mainland Shetland, from N. Hoy and Deerness on Orkney and Arran, St Kilda, Harris, S. Uist, Skye, Rhum, Islay and Mull. Single record from Penicuik - Forth in Stevenson
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. virginea Snowy Waxcap In pastures and on lawns; widepsread and common and includes all records of H. nivea noted herein with * . Known from mainland Scotland from Sutherland (*Tongue and Strathnaver as C. nivea Dennis, 1955), Ross (Rassal, 26 ix 2000: Applecross, Dennis, 1948), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Forth (*Orchard Brae, 22 ix 1981, *Bavelaw, 10 x 1960, Buckstone 7 x 1998, Pentlands, 14 x 1961 & Braid Hills, x 1878 all Edinburgh & Gladhouse, xi 1938), Tay (St Andrews, 5 x 1958), Clyde (Kintyre), Dee (*Cairnwell, 12 ix 1978) and Moray (Plodda Glen Affric, 23 ix 1958). Also recorded from Arran*, St. Kilda*, Harris, Mull, Colonsay, Coll*, Islay, Rhum*, Skye* from Eday, Hoy, Papa Westray and Westray as well as Mainland Orkney and Fouls, Fetlar, Fair Is., St Ninians, Out Skerries and Mainland Shetland.. Two collections in E unlocalised by Klotzsch ‘ Oct. 1830 in pratis’ and one unlocalized possibly Menzies. Two collections of a 2-spored of H. nivea form located from Tay (Camghouran, Rannoch, 17 & 25 x 1964). In Stevenson known from all Water-sheds in Scotland except Sutherland. The var. roseipes is widespread with material from several Watersheds e.g. Forth (Blinkbonny, Edinburgh, 1 x 2004; Newbattle, Dalkeith, 10 x 1961 IMI 91204) and from Orkney.but this is an infection by Fusarium sporotrichoides as demonstrated by Watling ( ) in xxxxx.
Var. fuscescens is known from Mull and Forth.
Var. ochraceopallida described recently from Devon and for which the type is in E is known from Forth (Glen Carse, 1 x 2001), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000) and Ross (Dorlin, Dennis 1951 as H. niveus; Rassal Wd.) with a possible record from Muckle Roe, Shetland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. citrinopallida Recent record from Moray (Cairngorm Pl., in Rhacomitrium, 22 viii 2005). New Check List indicates one (additional?) record from Scotland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. lilacina Known only from High montane communities Tay (Ghlas Maol, Perthshire 28 ix 1962), Moray (Cairngorm, 1 ix 1960 & 8 ix 1989; Tom a’ Chorinich, Glen Affric 7 ix 1988), Beinn a Bhuid 5 x 2000 1968 and summit of Ben Mohr, Mull 14 ix
TFTADMSSoCAR H. xanthochroa Usually hidden from view under Calluna. Described from Moray (Rothiemurchus (Moray) - see Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 43: 271, but also know from Forth (Pentlands 9 x 1961), Moray (Rothiemurchus 16 ix 1953; Cairngorm 11 ix 1957; Bridge of Gow 5 xi 1961 & Coylum Bridge; Upper Quoich (NO 080944) 27 ix 2000.) and Tay (Rannoch 8 x 1967; Blair Atholl 30 x 1971).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. fornicata Earthy Waxcap In pastures often by roadside in open areas. Known from Sutherland (Scrabster, Dennis, 1955), Clyde (Borland & Darley Burn, Strathclyde 31 x 1999), Solway, Forth ( Selmuir 5 x 1967, Airthley Castle, Stirling 5 x 1964, Bavelaw 10 x 1960, Dalmahoy 29 ix 1973), Tweed (Blackpool Moss, Selkirk 3 x 1979 & Little King Seat 31 x 1999) and Kintyre. Known from Skye, Rhum and Mull and from Unst, Yell and Mousa in Shetland and from Papa Westray, Graemsay, and Deerness on Mainland Orkney. A collection from Yell agrees with var. streptopus sometimes cobsidered an independent species. Collections agreeing with H. clivialis, now considered a synonym, have been found on Yell in Shetland and Mull in the Hebridean Isles.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. nitrata Nitrous Waxcap In short upland turf. Known from Forth, Tay (Glen Tilt, 29 viii 1985, Barry Links, Dundee 31 viii 1980; Dall Rannoch 15 ix 1967 & 11 ix 1971, Glen Lyon 3 ix 1959), Argyle (Glen Coe, 18 ix 2000), Moray (Tomich 28 viii 1957) and Dee (Cairnwell 8 ix 1984). Known from St Kilda, Harris, S. Uist, Skye, Rhum and Mull and from Fetlar and Kergord on Mainland Shetland and from Rackwick on Hoy and Yeasnaby in Orkney. In Stevenson listed from Tay, Dee, Moray, Clyde & Ross.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. ingrata In hill pasture. Records for Ross (Rassal 26 ix 2000), Tweed (Whitrope 3 x 1999 & Mounthernick Hill (NS 854233 30 ix 2000; Lauder Common, 7 x 2007) and Skye. Also as H. nitiosus for Tay (Coshieville, 2 x 1961; Kindrogan 21 viii 1967) and Moray (Plodda Glen Affric, 19 ix 1958). Only recorded from St Kilda in the Hebridean Isles.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. ovina Blushing Waxcap In hill rough grazing land and pastures. Records from Tay (Balnaguard 22 ix 1979, Dall Rannoch 12 ix 1957, Glen Tilt 27 viii 1985) and Ross (Rassal 26 ix 2000). Known from St Kilda, Scallasaig, Colonsay and Mull in the Hebridean Island.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. irrigata Slimy Waxcap On lawns and in pastures; common and widespread. Better known as H. unguinosa. Recorded from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Moray (Newtonmore cemetry, 23 viii 2005), Forth (Hopetoun House Midlothian 27 ix 1980). Also from Arran and St Kilda, Harris, Skye, Rhum and Mull in Hebridean Islands and from most Shetland Islands including East Burra, Fetlar, Fair Isle, Hascosay, Mousa and Out Skerries. In Stevenson from Glamis (Tay) as H. irrigata with description and for Tweed, Forth, Tay and Moray as H. unguinosa. Ag.(H.) glauconitens Fr.is considered a variety of H. unguinosa (= irrigata) by NCL and not worth recognition; Stevenson gives a short description and records it from Pass of Killiecrankie- Tay. H. clarkii is a doubtful taxon fide NCL, although Dennis & Pearson equate it with the present species. Known with description from Abernethy - Moray and displayed at the 1875 Perth Fungus Show.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. laeta Heath Waxcap In acidic grasslands often amongst coarse grasses; widespread and fairly common. Known from Ross (Applecross Dennis 1948), Sutherland (Tongue & Strathnaver, Dennis, 1955), Clyde (Inchlonaig; Rosshdu, 11 ix 1952, Kintyre, Younger BGdn., Dunoon 28 ix 1971; L. Nethan - a dull yellow form with white gills), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Tay (Loch Tay 4 ix 1959; Rannoch 11 ix 1971, Straloch, Enochdhu 3 viii 1985), Moray ( Aviemore, ix 1938; Glen Affric 7 ix 1988), Argylle (Dorlin Dennis, 1951; Ben Lui20 x 1962), Ross (Kishorn, 25 x 1962), Tweed (Dawyck) and Forth . Records from Arran, St Kilda, Harris, S. Uist, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Islay and Colonsay. Very common in Shetland and recorded from all islands including Foula and Fair Isles. In Orkney known from Mainland and Hoy. Stevenson records it from Tweed, Tay and Dee.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. psittacina Parrot Waxcap On lawns, in pastures and hill grazings; widespread and very common. On Mainland Scotland it is recorded from Tay (St. Andrews), Clyde (Inchlonaig 13 x 1975; Chatelherault & L. Nethan), Solway, 1 x 2000), Tweed (Dawyck), Sutherland (Tongue Dennis, 1955; Torrieswdale Dunes, Savage, Field Mycol 9), Ross (Applecross Dennis, 1948), Argylle (Salen, Dennis 1951), Moray (Aviemore ix 1938) and Forth (Kirkliston 10 x 1971,Edinburgh environs 20 viii 1961 & 22 ix 1986). Known from all the major Watersheds and from Arran, St Kilda, Harris, S. Uist, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Islay and Colonsay. Also recorded from all the islands of the Shetland archipelago and from Papa Westray, Westray, No. & S. Ronaldsays, Hoy, Birsay and Mainland in Orkney. In Stevenson recorded from all Watersheds except Sutherland, although known now from there. Early collections in E from Blackford Hill xi 1846 & 2 collections Braid Hills x 1878 both in Edinburgh and a Klotzsch collection ‘in pratis Sept.- Oct. 1830’.
Var. perplexa, a variety with purplish or plum-coloured cap, is recorded from Colonsay as H. sciophana and from Tangwick, Esha Ness, Shetland and Gurness in Mainland, Orkney. Also Ross (Applecross, Dennis, 1948),as sciophana. In Stevenson records H. sciophana with description from Tay (Perth) collected by Buchanan White.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. vitellina In pastures. Known from Ross (Meall Gorm, 610m., Dennis, 1948), Forth (Dalmahoy 29 ix 1977 & Balerno 12 ix 1954 & 27 ix 1961), Tay (Keltneyburn 2 x 1961) and Moray (Glen Affric 7 ix 1988). Recorded for Arran and St Kilda and Mull in Hebridean Islands and from Bressay and Yell in Shetland.
Var. flava, a yellow form has been collected in Scotland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. aurantiosplendens Orange Waxcap In grazed pastures. Known from Forth and Tweed (Williamhope). Recorded from St. Kilda, S.Uist, Harris, Skye and Mull and from Unst and Mainland in Shetland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. calciphila In rich grassland. Recorded from Sutherland (Invernaver, Savage, Field Mycol. 9) Forth and Tay ( Schiehallion 25 viii 2000 & Ben Lawers 5 vii 2003). There is some confusion, however, in that some of the exsiccata in E may not agree with Arnold’s taxon. This is said to be the concept of H. miniata of Orton (1960) and is recorded as such from Harris, Barra, Coll, Tiree, Rhum and Mull and from Papa Westray, Fair Isle, Fetlar and East Burra and two sites on Mainland Shetland
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. cantharellus Goblet Waxcap In boggy garrassland often amongst Sphagnum; widespread and fairly common. Known from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Forth (Balerno, 4 x 1960, Aberlady, 28 viii 1967 & Bathgate, 21 vii 1958), Dee (Forvie Sands, 10 ix 1975 & Morrone Wd., Braemar 3 ix 1985), Tay (Loch Rannoch, 27 viii 1954, Ben Lawers, 2 ix 1959, Camghouran, Perthshire 29 vii 1964), Argylle (Ben Lomond 28 vii 91), Moray (Loch an Eilean 30 viii 1955 & 22 viii 2005; Rothiemurchus 30 viii 1955 to 27 ix 1969 and 26 viii 1963; Curr Wd., 26 viii 2005; Glen Affric- Plodda and Badger Falls) and Ross ( Kishorn 27 x 1962). Known from St Kilda, S.Uist, N. Uist, Mingulay, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay; in Orkney known from Faray and from Shetland as H. lepida, a superfluous name, from Mainland, Fetlar, Foula, Hascosay, Unst and Yell. Collection in E from Klotzsch annotated ‘Aug. - Oct. 1830’.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. ceracea Butter Waxcap In pastures and on lawns; common and widespread. In several Watersheds including Forth (Cowdenbeath 12 x1997, RBGdn., Edinb. on Pyrus lawn 6 viii 1954 & 20 viii 1963 & Craigmead Fife 16 x 2000), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Tay (Struan 6 ix ?), Dee (Forvie Sands 16 x1962), Moray (Loch an Eilean in Juniperus scrub 9 ix 1957, Glen Affric with Salix herbacea 7 ix 1988), Tweed (Glenhighton 6 xi 1999) and Clyde (Kintyre, Chatelherault and Cleghorn). Known from Arran, St Kilda, S.Uist, Harris , Skye, Rhum, Mull, Islay and Colonsay in the Hebridean Islands and from Eday, Westray and N. Hoy and Mainland Orkney. Recorded from Mainland Shetland, Unst and Yell, East Burra, Fair Isle and Fetlar.Stevenson records it from all but Ross, Sutherland, Solway and Argylle. Klotzsch material in E ‘Sept 1830, pratis raris’.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. coccineocrenata In wet pastures often with Molinia. Recorded from Moray (Curr Wd., in Sphagnum, 26 viii 2005; Culbin Sands 15 ix 1953), Tay (Kindrogan 17 viii 1972) and Dee (Cairnwell 8 ix 1984). Recorded from N. Uist, Lewis, St Kilda, Skye and Rhum and from Unst, Yell, East Burra, Papa Stour, Fetlar and Foula and Mainland Shetland. In Orkney known only from Rackwick, N.Hoy.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. coccinea Scarlet Waxcap In pastures and grazed grassland; widespread and not uncommon. Known from Forth (Swanston, 1878 & Pentland, Edinburgh, ix 1898; RBGdn., Edinb., 3 x 1952), Tweed (Dawyck 30 ix 2001, Glenhighton 6 xi 1999), Tay (Rannoch & Dall), Ross (Kishorn 19 x 1958; Applecross Dennis, 1948), Moray (Lower Tullochgrue, Aviemore 8 ix 1958, Aviemore ix 1938, Glen Affirc 7 ix 1988), Clyde (Kintyre, Loch Lomond 13 x 1975) .Sutherland (Tongue, Strathnaver & Scrabster), Argylle (Dorlin Dennis 1951), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000) and Kintyre. Recorded from all major areas of Mainland Shetland in addition to Fair Isle, Fetlar and Out Skerries and from N.Hoy, N. Ronaldsay, and Tankerness and Stromness in Mainland. Known from Arran and the Hebridean islands including St. Kilda, S.Uist, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay and Islay. There is some confusion in respect to this agaric as often any red capped hygrophori with yellow fading cap were named H. coccinea. Recorded by Stevenson from all but Solway, Sutherland and Moray; Solway added to the latter in Add. 1.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. helobia In grassland. Recorded from Tay (Struan 22 ix 1983; Rannoch 9 vii 197; Coire Odhar, Ben Lawers, 3 ix 1987, as H. miniato-alba), and Moray (Tomich 7 & 13 vii 1970; Abernethy 3 ix 1995 & 25 viii 2005; Glenmore Forest Pk., 20 viii 2005; Upper Tullochgruie, 24 viii 2005). Also from Skye (13 viii 2000), Eriksay (8 viii 2000), N. Uist (8 viii 2000) This is also probably H. mollis of earlier texts and is recorded from Skye, Harris and Rhum under that name. Also as H. mollis recorded from Fetlar and Delting and Nestling both in Mainland Shetland; surprisingly not known from Orkney as yet.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. insipida Spangle Waxcap In pastures. Recorded from Forth (Bavelaw 9 x 1960, Aberlady 14 x 1965 & 28 ix 1967), Moray (Culbin 9 ix 1963), Tweed (Peebles) and Tay (several collections from Camghouran, Perthshire). As Mycena minutula from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000). Known from Arran and St Kilda, S.Uist, Rhum and Mull in Hebridean Islands and from Egilsay in Orkney. In Shetland very common throughout Mainland and major areas including Out Skerries, Fetlar, St Ninians, Burra, Unst and Yell. H. subminutula at one time thought autonomous is a synonym, or in the European concept, for this fungus and under this name has been recorded for St Kilda, Bressay and Quendale, Mainland Shetland in addition to Culbin Sands - Moray and N. Uist 7 viii 2000.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. marchii In pastures. Much confusion with the commoner H. reidii has been experienced pre-1990 (q.v.), although the latter has been less frequently recorded in the past it is possibly more common and specimens should be re-examined. Records from Clyde (Cleghorn and Chatelherault), Moray (Abernethy, 13 ix 1958 & 2 ix 1965, Badger Falls, 13 ix 1956 and Plodda Falls 1& 18 ix 1956 both Glen Affric, Rothiemurchus 8 ix 1957 & 25 viii 1965, Loch an Eilean 7 ix 1958, Tomich, 27 viii 1957; Cairngorm Plateau, in grass, 21 viii 2005), Tay (Straloch Enochdhu, 21 viii 1967), Tweed (Dawyck 4 x 1999), Forth and Kintyre. Records including those for H.reidii are available from St. Kilda, S.Uist, Mingulay, Skye, Rhum and Mull. In Shetland reputedly known from East Burra, Fetlar, Foula, Noss, Muckle Roe and St Ninians and Mainland whilst it is only known from Papa Westray in Orkney. A
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. miniata Vermilion Waxcap In pastures; probably better known as H. strangulata. Known from Forth and Clyde (Cleghorn Glen; Inchlonaig 13 x 1975), Tay (St Andrews 18 ix 1954), Moray (Abernethy, 25 ix 1982), Ross (Loch Maree, 20 vii 1955) and Tweed (Chalybeate Well, Borders 31 x 1999) and from Arran, N.Hoy and Orphir, Mainland Orkney. As H. strangulata recorded from Sutherland (Rhiconich Dennis, 1955), Moray (Tomich 14 ix 1969 & Guisachen 13 ix 1969), Clyde (Falle of Clyde 12 x 1974; Milngarvie 8 ix 1980) and Tay (Blair Atholl 27 viii 1969, Camghouran Perthshire 1 x 1971, Dall Rannoch 18 xi 1967); also under same name from Arran, St Kilda, Rhum, Mull and Colonsay and from Bressay and Foula, Papil Stour and Mainland Shetland. In Stevenson records it from Tweed, Tay, Dee, Moray, Clyde and Ross. An unsigned what must be Klotzsch collection in E is labelled ‘from the Highlands July to August 1830’. Hygrophorus turundus var. mollis (= H. miiniatus var. mollis) is not considered separate enough but collections labelled such, even as an autonomous species are from Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 3 x 1971), Moray (Tomich, 23 viii 1964) and Ross (Kishorn, 30 viii 1959). Stevenson with description records this ‘variety’ from Tay.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. mucronella Bitter Waxcap In grassland and pastures; widespread Forth, Tweed (Little King Seat 31 x 1999) and Tay (Rannoch 27 v 1954) as H. mucronella. Probably better known as H. reai, under which name it is recorded fro St Kilda, Skye, Islay and Mull in the Hebridean islands and from all main parts of Shetland including Muckle Roe, Out Skerries, Whalsay etc. A collection from Yell agreed with the epithet in having a strongly papillate pileus. Recorded from Elvie, Deepdale and Stromness on Orkney.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. phaeococcinea In dune slacks and boggy areas in dunes. Known from Eday in Orkney and Quendale, Shetland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. punicea Crimson Waxcap In hill pastures, coastal grassland and meadows; widespread and fairly common. Known from Forth (Balerno 3 x 1970; Binning Wood East lothian x 1910; Kirkcaldy x 1938), Sutherland (Bettyhill 16 ix 1972), Moray (Lairg Dennis, 1955; Abernethy 23 ix 1985; Lower Tullochgrue 8 ix 1958), Ross (Kishorn 22 x 1962; Applecross Dennis, 1948), Tweed (Blackpool Moss, Selkirk 3 x 1979), Argylle (Dorlin Dennis 1951), Tay (Ben Lawers 1 ix 1957; Camghouran 4 x 1964) and Clyde (Kintrye). Records from St Kilda, Harris, S.Uist, Skye, Rhum, Mull and Colonsay and from throughout Shetland including Mainland, Foula and Fair Isle. In Orkney noted from Stromness and Sandwick, Noted from all water sheds in Stevenson except Dee and Sutherland. An old record by Jas. Davies xi 1846 from Blackford Hill, Edinburgh is housed in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. quieta Oily Waxcap In hill -pastures and less nutrient rich grazing land; widespread. nd Recorded for Forth (Craigmaddie Meadows Fife 12 x 2001), Tweed (Blackpool Moss, Selkirk 3 x 1979; Dawyck 5 viii 2000), Moray (Culbin Sands 9 ix 1963, Tomich 21 viii 1957 &19 ix 1969, Glen Affric 7 ix 1988), Clyde (Loch Lomond, Crienich 5 ix 1980) and Ross (Kishorn 21 x 1962) and also Clyde ( L. Nethan and Falls of Clyde as H. obrussea s. Arnolds a synonym. Known from Kintyre, St Kilda, Harris, S.Uist, Barra, Mingulay, Arran, Skye, and Mull. In Shetland recorded from East Burra, Fetlar, Fair Isle, Mousa, Papa Stour, Out Skerries etc. and Mainland and in Orkney, Papa Westray, Walls, Hoy, Westray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. reidii Honey Waxcap Much confusion with H, marchi q.v. Known from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Moray (Abernethy, 25 viii 2005; Creag Dubh, 23 viii 2005; Glenmore Forest pk., 22 viii 2005) and Tweed (Dawyck in grass under Pseudotsuga) and Forth. Known from amongst Salix repens, Burravow Yell and Tresta Links, Fetlar and Kergord, Mainland; in Orkney only so far recorded from Faray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. salicis-herbaceae Mountainb Waxcap Known from montane areas with Salix herbacea on Dee (Carn Mor) and Fiar Isle, ix 2009; almost certainly recorded as H. acutopunicea from amongst Rhacomitrium with Salix herbacea on Rogafield Shetland
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. splendidissima Splendid Waxcap In pastures; widepread and fairly common. Undoubtedly in past confused with H. coccinea. Known from Forth, Tay (Straloch near enochdhu with Salix repens; Camghouran Perthshire 11 x 1964 & 24 ix 1968), Moray (Rothiemurchus 13 ix 1957; Abernethy 23 ix 1985; Tomich 28 viii 1957 & 24 ix 1958), Tweed (Eskdalemuir 23 x 1999) and Ross (Kishorn 13 x 1959) and Glencotte 6 xi 1999. Records from St Kilda, Harris, S.Uist, and Mull in Hebridean islands and from all major areas of Shetland including Fair Isle and Foula and Outer Skerries. In Orkney known from Westray, S. Walls and Binscarth in Mainland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. subpapillata Records in K - localities to be checked.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. substrangulata A collection from grassy track-side Dee (Glen Tannar, 15 viii 1964; Foveran, ix 2006), Forth and Moray (Clenmore Forest Pk., 20 viii 2005; Coylum Bridge, 21 viii 2005; Loch an Eilean 21 viii 1964; Cairngorm Pl., 22 viii 2005). Known from Canna in the Hebrides and from a single collection at Delting in Shetland. In Orkney known from N.Hoy. Collections labelled H. biminiata from Tay (Ben Lawers, 1095m. and from Meall Ghaordie at heights about 889m., 18 ix 2003) are deposited in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. turunda In boggy areas often with Molinia and with Sphagnum, and on peaty soils; not common. Recorded from Clyde (Ben Lomond, 28 vii 1991) and Moray (Abernethy 4 ix 1971; Rothiemurchus 28 viii 1955; Tomich 28 viii 1957). Only recorded from S.Uist in the Hebridean Islands but fairly widespread in Shetland, including Hermaness . In Orkney known from Eday. Stevenson records this with description from Farnagon (Tay) and in Add 1 from Scone also Tay collected by Dr. Buchanan White.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. chlorophana Golden Waxcap In pastures, grasslands and on lawns; common and widespread. A brighter more orange- capped form is generally named H. flavescens (= H. euroflavescens in Dennis 1986) and both forms have been found throughout Scotland; var. aurantiaca is a particularly bright coloured form. Rrecorded from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Forth (Menstrie 11 x 1987, Blinkbonny Edinb. regularly from 1998 onwards, RBGdn., Edinb., 28 viii 1961), Sutherland (Tongue, Strathnaver & Scrabsetr Dennis, 1955), Ross (Applecross, Dennis, 1948), Argylle (Dorlin Dennis 1951), Moray (Tomich 28 viii 1957 & 10 ix 1969; Rothiemurchus 1 ix 1961, Cairngorm in Empetrum and coarse grasses, 10 ix 1984) and Clyde (Ben More BGdn.,, nr. Dunoon 18 vi 1961). In Stevenson from all Watersheds but Sutherland, Solway and Argyll, although recorded from the second Watershed in Add. 8. Recorded from St. Kilda, S.Uist, Harris, Arran, Coll, Mingulay, Skye, Rhum, Mull and Colonsay. In Orkney known from Bressay, West and East Burra, Fetlar, Muckle Roe, Mousa, Unst, Yell, and as H. flavescens in addition from Fetlar, Foula, Whasaly, Trondra, St Ninians, Muckle Roe and Noss and from Mainland Shetland and Arran. In Orkney recorded from Papa Westray, Westray and Hoy and Mainland (as H. flavescens) and from Sanday. Known also under this latter name from Forth (Hopetoun House 27 viii 1980), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Ross (Loch Carron 29 x 1962 & Loch an Loin, Kishorn 14 ix 1963), Argylle (Morven above Ardtornish 27 viii 1986), Tweed (Blackpool Moss, Selkirk 3 x 1979) and Clyde (Kintyre & Blackside Ayrshire 30 ix 2000). H. obrusseus s. Lge recorded from Shetland also refers here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. glutinipes Glutinous Waxcap In grasslands; widespread. Recorded from Moray (Newtonmore Cemetry, 23 viii 2005), Forth and Clyde (Falls of Clyde). Known from Barra, Coll, Mull, Rhum and Islay. In Shetland recorded from Unst, Yell and Fetlar and from Papa Westray and Rousay, Orkney.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. conica Blackening Waxcap In pastures, hill grassland, moorland and weven inmwoods and at margins of woods; common. Recorded from Tweed (Dawyck), Clyde (Chatelherault and Falls of Clyde), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Tay (Ben Lawers 8 ix 1959; Camghouran, Perthshire, and several records from environs Rannoch, several collections from St Andrews), Moray (Glenmore Lodge, 20 viii 2005; Loch an Eilean, 22 viii 2005; Culbin Sands, 24 viii 2005; Aviemore ix 1938, Tomich 27 viii 1964), Dee (with Salix herbacea, 27 ix 1987 Cairnwell; Forvie 70 viii 1964) and Forth (Braid Hills, Sept. & Oct. 1878; RBGdn., Edinb. in pots with Amentotaxus 21 4 1987 & with Hypoxis) and Sutherland (Torriesdale Dunes, Savage Field Mycol. 9). Known from Arran, Kintrye, St Kilda, Harris, S. Uist, Barra, Mingulay, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay, Orkney Mainland, N.Walls, Hoy, Westray, and under Salix aurita at Hobbister, Orphir, Mainland. H. conica is recorded in Stevenson from all Watersheds excluding Sutherland and material in E of Ag. conicus by Klotzsch ‘ common Aug. Oct. 1830’.
A form with predominantly greenish yellow colours has been recognised as var. chloroides for Whalsay and an olive form (H. tristis) from Unst and West Sandwick both Shetland.
Var. pseudoconica is recorded from Papa Westry and Hoy and Stromness Mainland Orkney with Salix repens. This form has been called H. nigrescens. Under this name it is recorded from Ross (Applecross Dennis, 1948), Forth (RBGdn., Edinburgh in pot of Widdringtonia cupressoides, 31 iii 1989 and with Taiwania cryptomerioides, 21 ix 1989; Edinburgh environs 9 ix 1973 & 17 vii 1985), Tay (St Andrews, 13 x 1956, Loch Rannoch, 10 x 1968, Loch of the Lowes 21 viii 1978, Kindrogan 12 ix 1970), Dee (Cairnwell 12 ix 1971), Clyde (Loch Lomond, Creinch 8 ix 1980) and Sutherland (Bettyhill, 22 ix 1989). In addition under this name it is recorded from Arran, Sutherland (Strahtongue & Strathnaver Dennis, 1955), Argylle (Salen Dennis 1951), St Kilda, Raasay, Lewis, Rhum, Mull, Islay and Colonsay and from Boddam & Gletness, Mainland Shetland and Fair Isle and Trondra, Fetlar, Unst.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. conicoides Dune Waxcap In sand -dunes and maritime grassland often assiociated with Ammophila; common in suitable habitats. Generally considered a variety of H. conica but differs in the colour of the gills and the habitat. Known from coastal regions of Sutherland (Torrisdale Dunes, Invernaver & Druin Chubhu Savage, Field Mycol. 9), Forth (Aberlady, 29 ix 1967), Tay (St Andrews, 7 x 1962 & Tentsmuir - several collections) and Kintyre. Known from Orkney at Aikerness and Skaill Bay, Mainland and from Papa Westray, Sanday and Quendale and Burrafirth, Shetland, Unst, West Sandwick, Yell and Fetlar.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. conico-palustris Material so-named from Moray (Tomich 23 viii 1964) and Dee (Forvie Sands 20 viii 1964) is housed in E.This material needs to be re-worked.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. intermedia Fibrous Waxcap In grasslands; widespread but not common. Recorded from Forth and from Argylle (Ardtornish) and Moray (Tomich 10 ix 1969). Known from Coll, Skye, Rhum and Mull in Hebridean Islands but surprisingly absent from both Orkney and Shetland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. persistens Persistent Waxcap In pastures,especially dune and maritime pastures and even woodlands. Recorded in Shetland from Mainland, Unst and Yell (from same locality as H. rickenii) and from Westray, Papa Westray, North Walls and Mainland in Orkney. Known under the synonym H. langei from Forth, Tay (Glen Lochay 1 vii 2001, Kindrogan 22 viii 1972, Loch Rannoch and Dall several collections viii 1954 - ix 1971), Dee (Cairnwell 8 ix 1984; Forvie Sands, 10 ix 1975), Moray (Aviemore 7 ix 1958) and Ross (Kishorn 27 vii 1959). Under same name known from St Kilda, Harris, S Uist, Barra, Vatersay, Mingulay, Skye, Bernary (12 viii 1983), Rhum Eigg, Mull, Oronsay and Colonsay.. Recorded from Forth from coastal pastures and machair as the synonym H. aurantiolutescens and from Lewis and Harris and S. Uist and under same name from Unst, Fetlar, Yell and Mainland Shetland, from Papa Westray and N. Hoy and Deerness Mainland Orkney.
Var konradii a form with slightly different spores has been recorded from Colonsay
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. spadicea Date Waxcap In pastures; rather rare and registered for protection. Known from Forth (Dundas Castle grounds 1990s?; Whitekirk, Binning Wd., 2001 A. Silverside). BAP species and from Colonsay.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. strangulatoconica recently described from Scotland by Orton; see Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb.xxxxx. Known from Tay (Dall, 27 ix 1974, Black Wd., 5 ix 1996, Camghouran, 13 x 1968 and Loch Rannoch, 10 x 1968 - holotype & 20 x 1968 all Rannoch) and Moray (Tomich, 18 ix 1958 & 14 ix 196).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. citrinovirens Citrine Waxcap In pastures; not common but probably better known as H. obrussea. Records are known from Argylle (Argyllshire, Blackside, 30 ix 2000) and under the synonym H. brevispora are known from Ross (Rassal, 23 viii 1959 and Loch Kishorn 19 x 58). The name H. cystidiata was introduced for this same species and is recorded under this name for Stromness, Orkney. Known from St Kilda, Harris, S.Uist, Barra, Mingulay, Skye Rhum, Islay, Colonsay and Mull in the Hebridean islands and from all the major islands in the Shetland archipelago including Foula and Fair Isle and Skye, Rhum, Mull and St Kilda, S.Uist and Mainland Shetland, Yell, Fetlar and Out Skerries all as H.obrussea. H. obrussea is recorded from Tweed (Mossburnfoot) by Stevenson having been collected by A. Jerdon.
Nomen prov. P.D.Orton H. viridibrunnea Forest Lodge, Abernethy, 11 ix 1988.???
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. camarophyllus Archede Woodwax A single recent record from Moray (Glenmore, with Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, 18 viii 2005). Single record with description in Stevenson from pasture at Glamis Castle Park - Tay as Ag.(H.). caprinus. Klotzsch material in E labelled Oct. 1830 Duglishaw and Garscube. The latter concept of Ag. camarophyllus requires to be checked.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. chrysodon Gold Flecked Woodwax Under Fagus & Quercus, Mull.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. discoxanthus Yellowing Woodwax Associated with Fagus on nutrient rich soils. Known Forth (Blackradan Forest, Kinross as H. chrysapis) and from under Fagus & Quercus on Mull. Records in Stevenson from Tweed, Tay, Dee & Moray; see below under ‘eburneus’. Also known as H. cossus in Britain.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. eburneus Ivory Woodwax Under Betula and Fagus, Skye and Mull. Material in E collected by Klotzsch from Castle Semple 1830. Recorded from Tweed, Forth & Tay in Stevenson but all records require checking as there has been much confusion with H. cossus and these probably refer to H. discoxanthus, q.v. Records in Stevenson under H. cossus for Tweed, Tay, Dee, Moray & Clyde probably refer here!
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. hedrychii Amongst pine needles in remnant Caledonian forest. Known from Moray (Lower Tullochgruie nr. Aviemore, 9 & 12 ix 1957), Tay (Camghouran, Rannoch, 1 x 1971) and Dee (Morrone Wood, Braemar, 29 ix 63, 24 ix 1979 thru’ 3 ix 1985). The record of H. pulverulentus Berk. & Br. from Cram’s Hill, Glamis -Tay in Stevenson is probably referrable here, judging from the tell-tale quote ‘rose-coloured meal with which the stem is covered’.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. leucophaeus Single record from Tay (Blair Atholl, 27 viii 1968).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. piceae In conifer plantation. Known from Tay (Blackcraig Wd., nr. Blairgowrie, 20 viii 1967). Records from Scotland in K. Locality to be checked.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. leporinus Rare; fungus of broadleaved woods. Known only from Moray (Forres) in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. nemoreus Oak Woodwax Single records from mixed deciduous woodland with ? Quercus from Clyde (Chatelherault), Tay (Bottom of Ben Lawers track, Loch Tay, 16 viii 1967) and Dee (Dinnett Wood).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. agathosmus Almond Woodwax In pine-woods. Recent records from under Fagus & Pinus Clyde (Chatelherault), Tay (Black Craig, Blairgowrie, with Picea 5 ix 1982; Inver near Dunkeld, 27 ix 1975; Black Wood, Rannoch, 4 x 1961) and Moray (Abernethy, with Picea 6 ix 1993; Aviemore, 17 ix 1927); also Mull. Known only from Glamis (Tay) and Forres (Moray) in Stevenson.but with description; in addition as H. cerasinus from Balnamoon -Tay.
TFTaDMSSoCAR ?H. olivaceobrunneus In pine-woods. Under Fagus, Mull!; record may have to be reassessed. Recorded from Tay, Dee & Moray in Stevenson, although distinction in the future is necessary to see if these records refer more correctly to H. persoonii q.v., a European wide misinterpretation.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. persoonii In deciduous woods with Quercus. Single record from Tweed (Eildon, Melrose, 26 ix 1999) although Scottish material in K? - check locality
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. pustulatus In conifer woodland; widespread. Known from Clyde (Chatelherault and Falls of Clyde), Forth (Beescraig, West Lothian, 26 ix 1993) and Tay (Davan, Kindrogan, 12 v 1970; Stormont Loch nr. Blairgowrie, 29 ix 1952) and from Forth ((conifer walk, RBGdn., Edinb., 4 x 1965) as H. tephroleucus and H. pustulatus.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. bresadolae Single recent record with Larix from Forth (Selmuir, 23 x 1965 thru’ 4 - 8 xi 1969) and Tay (Rannoch 10 x 1964, 23 x 1965 & 18 xi 1978); see Watling (19xx) Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. discoideus Two collections one from Clyde (Loch Lomond, Dunbartonshire) and another from Moray (Coylum Bridge, 9 ix 1957).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. hypothejus Herald of Winter Common in pine-plantations and woods including remnant Caledonian forest. Known from Forth (Balerno, 11 x 1970; Aberdour; Gifford, 25 x 1952; Gladhouse Reservoir, xi 1938 and Stirling), Dee (Hazelhead Aberdeen, 10 xi 1963), Tay (Black Wd., 29 x 1961 & 7 x 1964 and Dall, 9 xi 1967 & 15 ix 1971 both Rannoch) and Clyde (Carron Valley Forest, 5 x 1972). Only known from Mull in all Atlantic islands. Two Klotzsch collections from Kirriemuir in E dated Oct. 1830. Recorded in Stevenson from all Watersheds except Sutherland.
Note: Hygrocybe germanicus is a sphalm. in Add. 4 for Hydrocybe viz. Cortinarius.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. ericetorum Heath Navel One of our most common fungi being recorded from sea level to mountain tops and for most seasons of the year, either in mossy soil or on stumps and old mossy trunks but alwaya accompanied by Botrydina vulgaris. Known from Argylle (Salen, Dennis, 1951), Sutherland (Tongue Dennis, 1955), Moray (Meall a’Bhuchaille, 23 viii 2005; Abernethy in Sphagnum, 25 viii 2005; Curr Wd., 26 viii 2005; Uath Lochan 24 viii 2005), Ross (Applecross Dennis, 1948), Forth (Balerno. etc.), Tweed (Dawyck), Tay (Birks of Aberfeldy, 23 v 2003), Dee (Inverery, 19 v 2003; Linn of Dee, 21 v 2003). Many collections from Arran, St. Kilda, Lewis, Harris, S.Uist, Barra, Mingulay, Bernary, Rassay, Skye, Rhum, Mull. Colonsay, Islay and Jura. Also widespread in Mainland and island Shetland and in Orkney. Recorded to 914m by Buchanan White in hills around Glen Tilt - Tay; strangely not recorded from Sutherland in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. luteovitellina Widespread and quite common in montane communities (600 - 920m.) throughout mountain massives but also in island communities where it reaches 150m.; on wet often dripping mossy rocks and water soaked peats but accompanied by Botryodina vulgaris.. This is also known as O. flava originally described as a yellow colour variety of O.ericetorum. Material from Argylle (Glen Lochy, 579m., 17 v 1952; Ben Lui, 610 m., 29 x 1962; Tyndrum 25 vi 1981), Sutherland (Ben Loyal, 701m., Dennis, 1955; same locality Savage Field Mycol. 9), Solway (Whitcombe, Moffat, 25 vii 1957), Moray (Glen Affric 7 ix 1988; Breariach, 14 ix 1957; Ben Alder, 28 vi 1986; Ben Wyvis, 2,800 m.,8 ix 1963.), Ross (Kishorn 12 viii 59- 13 x 1959, 23 x 1962, 2 v 1956, 914m.7), Tay ( Rannoch Moor 1095m., 22 vi 1958; Ben Lawers 1072m., 5 vi 1968, 822m., 2 vii 1956; 366m., 17 vii 1954, Ptarmachan, Lawers, 1,036m, 27 vi 1964); also Beinn Ghar 763m., 5 vi 1958; Ben Haosgarnish 914m., 16 vi 1956) Known from Skye, St. Kilda, S. Uist, Rhum, Eigg, Mull. Known from several sites on Shetland but not as yet from Orkney.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. hudsoniana On peaty soils; when fruiting always accompanied by the foliose thallus termed Corscium viride (= Endocarpon or Verrucaria laetivirens). Records from Ross (Ben Wyvis, 720.9m.,98 ix 1963; Beinn Eighe 304.8m., 12 ix 1963; Kishorn 23 x 1962), Argylle (Ben Lomond, 28 vii 199; Glen Lochay, 15 vi 1962 & 1 vii 2000 Glen Coe 13 vii 1988), Dee (Ghlas Maol, 914m., 28 ix 1962), Tay (Beinn Ghlas 610m., 5 viii 1958; Glen Isla 25 vi 1960; Ben Vrackie, 17 viii 1974 & 30 viii 1968; Ben Lawers, 670m.- 720m. 2 vii 1956 thru’ 1 vii 1960), Moray (Ben Alder 28 vi 1986; Glen Affric, 7 ix 1988; Braeriach 1,219m 5 viii 1958 & 16 ix 1959; Cairngorm Pl., 21 viii 2005; Meall a’ Bhuachaille, 23 viii 2005), Dee (Cairnwell 721m., 21 v 1968 & 21 viii 1972) and Tweed (East Cairn Hill, 15 ii 2007; Greenlaw, 10 v 1999; Kerrcleugh, Selkirk 14 viii 1960). Known from St. Kilda, N. Harris, S.Uist, Skye, Mull, and Jura; also several records for Foula, Shetland include. Muckle Roe and known from N. Hoy Orkney. Some old records for this fungus occur in E including material from Tay (Ben Lawers, viii 1885 collected by Rev. H. Macmillan; Killiecrankie, vii 1891, collected by W Smith; Blair Aberfoyle, xi 1913, collected by McAndrew), Solway (Blackcraig Galloway, v 1893, Mc Andrew), Dee (Braemar, vii 1889), Birnhall, collected by W.L.Lindsay, iv 1856.
The Coriscium thallus has a wider distribution than the fruiting records and may also occur at much lower altitudes. Records are from Harris, Jura, Sutherland (Kinbrace 3 vii 1966; Achuregill, 18 vii 1966), Tay (Blair Atholl, 19 vii 1970; Glen Doll iv 1948; Hills of Sleugh, Kincardineshire vii 1959; Glen Prosen, vi 1969and Glen Clova iv 1960) and Argylle (Loch Fyne vi 1912)
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. velutina Quite widespread occurring on sandy soil mixed with peat; always associated with algae - Botryodina vulgaris. Known from Tay (Kindrogan, 25 ix 1964 &25 viii 1985; Ben Lawers, 29 viii 1981 thru’ 23 vi 1990; Coshieville, 2 x 1961; Beinn Ghlas 5 viii 1958; Black Wood of Rannoch, 26 viii 1954; Dall, Rannoch, 12 x 1965; Glen Isla, 25 vi 1966), Argylle (Glenn Orchy 9 vii 19850, Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Forth (Lothians), Moray (Culbin Sands, 9 ix 1965;Tomich, 5 ix 1957; Loch an Eilean, 11 ix 1957 & 12 ix 1999; Loch Mor near Aviemore, 15 ix 1957), Ross (Kishorn, 13 ix 1963 & 21 ix 1965; Beinn Eighe, 426.8m., 21 ix 1956), Dee (Ghlas Maol, 20 vii 1985) and Clyde (Carnwath, 29 viii 1958) and Loch na Larig 5 ix 1969. Single collection on trackside Fair Isle and also Glen Aros, Mull Skye and Rhum. Many records as the synonym O. grisella.