Chapter 30

Mycologia Scotica: Pyrenomycetes 1

This chapter is the first of three paralleling the discomycete compilations.It includes the Eurotiomyctes, ie the major part of the ‘plectomycetes’ & a major group of the Sordariomycetes, viz.the unitunicate flask fungi & their allies: ‘pyrenomycetes’ pro parte.Some species originally assigned to the plectomycetes have been shown by molecular techniques to have closer affinities with other groups of ‘pyrenomycetes’ and will be found under these headings.Apart from the most obvious species in Nectria, Hypocrea and Xylaria and allies of the woodwarts Stevenson placed the largest number of species in a small number of genera such as Sphaeria, the last now radically changed and little used generic concepts such as Psilosphaeria.The last groups, however, are assigned to a separate Chapter.An attempt as been made to assign Stevenson’s listings to their modern genera.A note should be made of Paleopyrenomycites devonicus recently described in Mycologia, 2005 Taylor et al.where references are provided to other fossil collections from Rhynie, Aberdeenshire.Thie present chapter includes the Chaetothyriales – except the non-lichenised relatives found in Part 2, Eurotiales, Gymnoascales, Hypoceales & Clavicipitales, Laboulbeniales, Diatrypales & Xylariales and their relatives.

The rationale adopted herein is the same as that for earlier parts of the mycota, the records likewise being expanded with information from the old Cryptogamic Society of Scotland (CS) and early records from its spin-off, the Cryptogamic Section of the former Botanical Society of Edinburgh.This group has been greatly augmented by material from the Keith herbarium made possible through a permanent loan to Edinburgh and from records in Foister’s Economic Plant Diseases of Scotland.Kirk & Spooner’s records from Arran are included.

See Introduction file for further information.

Eurotiomycetes

Chaetothyriomycetidae

Chaetothyriales

Chaetothyriaceae

Glyphium

Unclear position within Chaetothyriomycetidae

G.elatum (Grev.) Zogg As Lophium elatum Tay (Glen Tilt, on Ulmus log, 27 viii 1968; Kindrogan, on attached Salix twigs, 3 ix 1997), Clyde (Chatelherrault, on Ulmus log, 6 iv 2002), Forth (Doune Ponds nr.Stirling, on fallen Betula,29 x 1991 & on Populus? 14 x 1999).Type from Appin by Carmichael in E Greville coll.on ‘fir’.Also, from South Uist on Populus & Skye on Prunus padus, Tilia & Ulmus.from Carmichael on pine wood Greville coll.in E.

Coccodinaceae

Dennisiella

D.babingtonii (Berk.) Bat.& Cif.Forth (New Hailes, on lower leaves of Ilex, 2 ii 2006 as Chaetothyrium ; Torryburn, Dunfermline, as Chaetothyrium on Hedera helix, 5 ii 1978;; Cammo Park, Edinb., on Rhododendron as anamorph Microxiphon fagi, 22 x 1978), Tay (Glen Finscastle, as Chaetothyrium on Rhododendron ponticum, 13 vii 1979; Hermitage, Inver, on Rhododendron, 20 ix 1975), Ross (Tornapress, Kishorn, on Hedera, 30 iii 1969; Tornapress, Kishorn, on Ilex, 30 iii 1969).Old collections as Capnodium footii on Buxus sempervirens, Keith no further data & Cluny Hill Keith coll.on Prunus laurocerasus (Laurel in text but Prunus leaf in packet); RBGdn., Edinb., Palm Hse.as Capnodium footii, 21 v 1885 and as C.footii Cooke coll.no further data.In Stevenson as Capnodium footii conidial stage on leaves of Laurus & Hedera Tay & Moray.See nore above about ‘laurel’.Rhum & Mull on a whole range of hosts leaves usually evergreen but also herbaceous.On Acer macrophyllum & Hydrangea sp.Arran

Epibryaceae

Epibryon

E.bryophilum (Fuckel) Dobbeler Argyll (; as Coleroa West Ross 31 iii 1969 -maybe C.caseresii; Glen Orchy as Venturia on Eucalyx hyalina, 14 iv 1964; on Alicularia scalaris, Glen Lyon 1,000 ft., l6 iii 1969; Glen Lochy on Myelia (as Leptoscyphus) taylori, 1 v 1966; Sheildig, as Coleroa on Scapania undulata, 31 iii 1969, Glen Orchy, as Venturia, on Eucalyx hyalina, 24 iv 1964), Clyde (as Coleroa on Scapania dentata Ben More Gdn., 21 ii1972), Tay (Glen Buckie, Balquihidar, on Aulocomium palustre, 19 v 1957; Glen Fincastle, as Coleroa, on A.scalaris, 6 v 1969; Glen Lyon, on A.scalaris, 14 v 1969; Glen Lochy, Perthshire, on Myelia ( as Leptoscyphus) taylori, 1 v 1966).

E.casaresi (Bubak & Fran.) Doebbeler Tay (Loch Tay on Scapania gracilis, 7 vii 1970; Loch Lyon, on Polytrichum urnigerum, 27 vi 1970; Glen Lyon, on Mylia taylori, 2500ft, 27 vi 1970; Shores of Tay on Polytrichum.urigenum 7 vi 1970; Mel Ghardie, Glen Lyon 25 vii 1970) & Ross (Loch Carron on Mylia (as Leptoscypha) taylori, 5 iv 1969; Stunt bay, Loch Carron, on S.undulata, 6 iv 1969; Strome on S.gracilis, 2 iv 1973).

Epibron sp.On Namilla integrifolia Torlvoik 9 ix 1968: Dobbeler sp.Nov.3 iii 1969; Shieldig, on Scapania undulata, 30 iii 1969; Tornapress on Lophozia mulleri, 6 iv 1967; Loch Carron, on Plagiochila asplenioides 4 iv 1967, Applecross on S.undulata, 10 ix 1969) & Tay (east of Kinloch, on Fraxinus, 23 iii 1974).

Herpotrichiellaceae

Capronia

C.nigerrima (Bloxam) Barr Better known as Berlesiella nigerrima and filed as such in E.Forth (Blinkbonny, Edinb., on Melanconis stlbostoma on Betula, 20 ix 2005; Gorebridge, on Diatrype stigma, 4 viii 2002), Tweed (Peebles on D.stigma, 1 iii 2009) & Solway (Glencairn, Jorbruck, on D.stigma, 1 x 2000).Recorded on Mull on Eutypa on Fraxinus).Known from Mull on Eutypa lata.Old collections Jerdon undoubtedly Borders but no further data & Moray - Darnaway on E.lata with Dialonectria, 3 vi 1875 undoubtedly Keith material but no further data.In Stevenson as Psilosphaeria on Eutypa lata for Tweed.More commonly recorded as Berlesiella on Eutypa lata Mull Byyer known as Berlesiella under hich it appears in Dennis.

C.nordmandiae Santeson & Hawks.On Normania 14 iv 1983, Coll; Argyll (Arisaig, Loch nasn Uamh on Parmeliella plumbea on Fagus, 18 x 2009 - isotype; Morven, on Normandia on Fraxinus, 6 ii 1992), Ross (Loch Carron, 21 iv 2010; Torridon, on Normandia, 23 vi 1994), Moray (Glenuig date? ) & Solway (Kintyre, on coastal rocks, on Normandia, 8 vi 1994).Also recored from Skye on N.Pulchella, 15 iv 2005 & from Eigg on N.pulchella on Corylus, 16 v 20.

C.plleiospora (Mout.) Sacc.on Calluna Skye.On Rhododendron ponticum wood, Arran.

C.pulcherrima (Munk) Muller et al.on rotten wood, Arran.

Exophilia

Anamorphic genus

E.caliciodes Okado & Siefert Tweed (Dawyck As Graphium, on sodden buried wood, 25 viii 2006) & Argyll (Cowal Penn., Lochgilphead, on decorticated wood, 23 vi 1977).On Betula N.Hoy, Orkney as Graphium

Herpotrichiella

H.pilosella (Karst.) Munk ex Barr on rotten wood Gigha.

Uncertain position in order - Staninwardia sp.on needle debris Gott, Shetland.

Eurotiomycetidae

Ascosphaeriales

Ascosphaeraiceae

Ascosphaera

A.apis Maasen ex Clausen Forth (Edinb.School of Agric.Winter 1961-62).One collection lacking data.

Eurotiales

Aspergillaceae Anamorphic species of Aspergillus and Penicillium are common contaminants of many substrates and equally as common in air spora samples but specimens have generally never been retained and deposited in E.

Aspergillus

A.chevelieri Thom & Raper Forth (Edinb.as Eurotium chevelieri var.Intermedium, vii 1984, on dried remains of pickled Crateagus berries.).Isolated as Eurotium from soil along with anamorph from Mull; also, in soil Rhum.

A.glaucus (L.) Link in Stevenson as Eurotium herbariorum recorded on decaying vegetable material for all Watersheds except Sutherland.The anamorphic state (Aspergillus glaucus Link) also recorded in Stevenson for all Watersheds except Sutherland.Early record from Orkney as Mucor bur could relate to anything!

A.nidulans (Eidam) Winter Recorded as Emerciella on Ammophila for Skye, Mull & Rhum & also isolated from soil as anamorphic state.

A.repens (Corda) Sacc.Forth (as Eurotium, on old Phaeolus schweinitzii in polythene bag, 7 xi 1988; RBGdn.; Edinb., on cotton wool plug in test tube, 6 ix 1960 & 14 viii 1961).Recorded from Mull as Eurotium on rotting vegetation and isolated from soil in anamorphic state.A collection on Pleurotus ostreatus and one on Melastiza chateri, both Mainland, Orkney.

A.rubrum Thom & Church Forth (Edinb., as Eurotium on dried fruit-waste, 9 ii 1965).

Aspergillus

Species with only anamorphic state

A.candidus Link Recorded in Stevenson on decaying substances for Tweed, Tay & Ross.

A.flavus Link in soil Mull.

A.fumigatus Fres.in soil Mull, Rhum & Lewis.

A.niger van Teigh.Forth (intercepted at Edinburgh P.O.from USA, on Allium cepa, v 1945; Orchard Brae Gdn., Edinb., on onion skins, 15 vii 1974; RBGdn, Edinb., on Prunus padus var.commutatus; East Craigs, on onion seed, xii 1946; laboratory contaminant at Path.Lab., East Craigs, 1940, no further data; on imported Ficus fruit, prob.purchased in Edinb., Wilson collection.Also, in air spora plates, 22 viii 1988 from Foula and in soil Mull.Foister (1961) reports it generally on imported Allium cepa.Also, known from Shetland in Air Spora Foula.

A.niveo-glaucus Thom & Raper on Filipendula Birsay.

A.restictus Smith on broken stems of herbs under Salix, Orkney.

A.tamarii Kita Forth (Edinburgh, on Bertholieta excelsa (Brazil nuts) bought in the town, xii 1940).

A.terreus Thom in soil Mull.

A.virens Link Recorded in Stevenson on decaying agarics for Forth & Tay.

Eurotium

E.repens de Bary on Clavulinopsis fusiformis, Orkney.

Mariannaea

M.elegans (Corda) Samson as Paecilomyces in soil Mull.

Paecilomyces

P.fulvus (Olivier & Smith) Stolk & Samson Isolated from soil Mull as Byssochlamys.

P.variotii Bain.in soil Mull.

Penicilium

Anamorphic genus.(Those names in italics are of ‘old classical’ species no-longer recognized).

P.aurantiogriseum Dierckx Tay (Tentsmuir as P.cyclopium, on Lycerperdon utriformis, 18 x 2000).Also, as P.lanosocaeruleum in soil and on Ammophila Rhum.

P.brevicompactum Dierckx Tweed (Mellerstain Hse., on Chroogomphus rutilus, 3 ix 1995; Dawyck, Car Park, on Xerocomellus chrysenteron or Cyanoboletus pulverulentus, 4 x ???).In soil, Rhum.Also, as P.stoloniferum Tweed (Dawyck, on Lepista nuda, 18 x 2009; on Pholiota sp., 30 xi 2003 & on Chlorophyllum rachodes, 18 x 2009) & Forth (Inveresk, on Otidea as (Peziza) cochleata, in tomato house, 10 iii 1941, Edinb.Path Lab.enquiry).Collection in part agreeing with this taxon from old Hygrocybe, Shetland.Also, as P.stoloniferum recorded for Rhum & Mull in soil and with Myrica gale.

P.candidum var.coremium Fr.Recorded in Stevenson on decaying substances for Tweed & Tay.It should be noted that P.candidum var.candidum is said to be a synonym of P.camemberti, a cheese fungus hardly a habitat agreeing with variety listed.

P.canescens Sopp in soil and on Ammophila Rhum.Also, as P.raciborskii in soil Rhum.

P.capsulatum Raper & Fennel in soil Mull.

P.chermesinum Biourge in soil Rhum.

P.citrinum Thom in soil Rhum and as P.steckii in soil Mull.

P.corymbiferum Westing ‘Bulb and & Flower Rot’ of Hyacinthus orientalis & Galanthus nivalis; not recorded again since 1939.The Hyacinth strain is probably not indigenous; d may cause considerable damage in imported bulbs; fide Foister, 1961.

P.cylcopium Westerling causing ‘Bulb Rot’ in Scilla spp.fide Foister, 1961.

P.dierckxii Biourge as P.fellutanum in soil Mull.

P.digitatum (Pers.) Sacc.Forth (East Craigs, on purchased Citrus sinensis, Edinb.Path Lab.Enquiry 1942).

P.expansum Link known from soil, Rhum.Recorded by Stevenson as P.crustaceum on decaying vegetable substances for Tweed, Forth & Tay.A collection with no data, except = P.glaucum’ on packet – but this epithet refers to a different taxon.Causes ‘Blue Mould & Fruit Rot’ of Malus sylvestris and of Pyrus domesticus Foister, 1961.

P.funiculosum Thom on ripening tomatoes, 13 ix 1986, Shetland.

P.glabrum (Wehmer) Westing as P.frequentans in soil and on Ammophila Rhum & Mull.

P.gladioli Machaeck Forth (intercepted on Gladiolus from New York, East Craigs, 5 v 1944).‘Storage Rot’ of Gladiolius.In 1946-53 particilarly noticeable but is usually only occasional; Foister 1961.

P.glaucoalbidum (Desm.) Houb.& Samson as Thysanophora penicillioides on Picea sitchensis Shetland.

P.implicatum Biourge in soil Mull.

 P.jenseni Zaleski in soil Rhum.

P.megalosporum B.& Br.Recorded on old chicken-coop for Tay with description in Stevenson.

P.meleagrinum Bourge in soil Rhum.

P.miczynskii Zalek.in soil Rhum.

P.notatum Westling on Ammophila Rhum.

P.oxalicum Currie & Thom in aira spora, Yell, Shetland, 26 viii 1988.

P.paxilli Bainier Forth (East Lothian, Sprout Wd., on Bjerkandera adusta, 3 vi 2007).

P.impliicissimum (Oud.) Thom in soil Mull & as P.janthinellum in soil Rhum.

P.sparsum Grev.Recorded on decaying fruit in Stevenson for Tweed & Forth.

P.spinulosum Thom in soil Mull & also as P.nigricans in soil Rhum & Mull.

P.roquefortii Thom as P.gorgonzola in soil Rhum.

P.thomii Maire in soil Rhum & Mull.

P.variabile Sopp on Malus sylvestris cv.James Grieve, 26 i 1985, Probost, Skye.

P.verrucosum Dierckx.as P.caseii in soil Rhum.

P.vulpinum (Cke.& Mass.) Seifert & Samson as P.claviforme on Quercus, Mull.

P.waksmanii Zaleski in soil Rhum & Mull

Talaromyces

T.diversus (Raper & Fennel) Samson et al as Penicillium in soil Rhum.

T.flavus Moray (Inverness, on bark, 23 ix 1994).

T.piceus (Raper & Fennel) Samson et al.in soil as Penicillium, Mull.

T.purpurogenus (Sopp) Samson et al.in soil as Penicillium, Mull.

T.ruber (Stoll) Yilmaz et al.in soil as Penicillium, Mull.

T.rugulosus (Thom) Samson et al.in soil as Penicillium, Rhum.

T.vermiculatus D.A.Dang Forth (on soil around base of pot containing Adansonia, RBGdn., Edinb.).Closely related material seen under similar circumstances at Blinkbonny Av., (Forth) on soil and around potted plant - possibly T.wortmanii.

T.verruculosus (Peyr.) Samson et al.in soil, Mull.

Thysalophora

Anamorphic genus

T.penicillioides (Roum.) Kendrick on Eucalyptus sp.and on conifer bark, Arran.

T.taxi (Scheid.) Stolk & Hennebert on Taxus baccata needles, Arran.

Elaphomyces (specimens may be found under the hosts as Elaphocordyceps sp.below).All examined, confirmed or redetermined by M.Costalleno, US Forestry, Corvalis, Oregon.

E.asperulus Vitt.2 collections one as ‘aff.’.Ross (Kinloch, Beallach nan B’ho, 19 x 1959, considered by Castellino as E.leucodermis but contested by Hobart, Field Mycologist 2017) & Shetland as ‘aff.’ with Salix herbacea Rogafield, Shetland, 28 viii 1983, but regarded by Castellino as E.granulatus.Sterile but contested.

E.granulatus Fr.Tweed (Dawyck, under Abies pectinata, 14 xi 2007& 16 viii 2009; Dawyck, 30 ix 2001; Gordon Moss, 5 vii 2015), Clyde (Inchlonaig, Loch Lomond, 13 x 1975; Younger Bot.Gdn., Ben More, under Nothofagus obliqua, 11 xii 1997 & 4 x 1998), Forth (Gifford, with Betula, 7 ix 2009; Devilla Wd.,29 ix 2007), Solway (Sleat, x 1980,), Tay (Crieff, under Pinus, 5 ix 2010; Black Rannoch School, under Pinus & Picea, 1 x 1961; Kindrogan under Picea,18 viii 1969; St.Andrews, viii 1966; Barry Links, nr.Dundee, 31 viii 1985; Rannoch, 1 x 1961 & 29 viii 1954), Argyll (Loch Gilphead, 25 ii 1976; Inverliever Forest, 25 ii 1976), Ross (Beinn Bhan, Applecross, with Salix herbacea, 11 x 1969 confirmed Costalleno) & Moray (nr.Aviemore, under Pinus, 24 v 1995; Larig Ghru, with Pinus sylvestris, uppermost part of above tree limit, 17 vi 1988; Aviemore, ix 1938), Known from Skye & Mull (Salen Forest & Aros, 7 ix 1968).In Stevenson recorded for Tay; Kinnoul Hill, CS 1903 Perth, CS 1906, & CS 1946.Also known from Solway CS 1948., CS 1925 Muir of Thorn; Tweed - Peebles CS 1946.As E.cervinus Moray – Drumnadrochit, CS 1908 & BMS; Tay - Rannoch, CS 1924; Gallow Hill CS 1911 & CS 1910 Crieff.As E.variegatus Clyde - Eglinton & Mongrennan CS 1921; Moray - Altyre, Cluny & Darnaway CS 1912 as E.vareiegatu Tay - Abernethy BMS 1938; Rothiemurchus BMS 1900.

Castellino has determined the following collections as E.leucocarpus.This has been contested.

E.leucocarpus Vitt.all as E.granulatus.Moray (Boat of Garten, 22 v 1988; Tulloch Moor, Nethybridge, 1 iv 1998), Ross (Bealach nan B’ho, Kishorn, with Salix, 14 x 1959; Ardtornish, with P.sylvestris, Balmacara, Kyles of Lochalsh, 3 xii 1985; Loch Torridon, 30 vi 1981), Sutherland (Tain, with Pinus sylvestris, 20 xii 1974), Solway (Auchincruive, under Fagus, as E.variegatis, x 1934), Argyll (Ben More Bot.Gdn., 11xii 1997), Tay (Kindogan,2 ix 1980; Davan, Enochdhu, 21 v 1970; Stormont Loch, Blairgowrie, as E.muricatus, 12 ix 1991 & as E.granulatus, 14 iv 1954: Black Wd.of Rannoch, 2 x 1960), Tweed (Dawyck, 2 ix 1995 & with Pseudotsuga 12 vi 1996 & 3 xii 2001 with Abies procera, 14 xi 2007 & A.homolepis, 7 v 2006, 30 ix 2001, 7 vii 2001), & Dee (Dinnet, viii 1963; Glen Tanar, Aberdeen, 15 iv 1981).Also known from Mull.And Glen Muick, 20 xii 1994 & Meall Ghordie, with Salix herbacea, 3 ix 2003.Old collections: nr.Guthrie, Forfarshire, iv 1877; coll.in Greville Herb from Johnston collected at Foulden Berwickshire and identified as E.granulatus by Spooner, Kew.

E.muricatus Fr.Solway (Granston, Gatehouse of Fleet, 25 v 1982; Forest of Ae,12 x 1985) ), Forth (Howgate, 30 I 1981; Bolton Muir Wd., Gifford, 22 x 1966; Red Moss, Balerno, 21 I 1994; Bavelaw as E.vareigatus, x 1940;Penicuik, i 1921 as E.variegatus; Ochtertyre Moss, Stirling, 9 ix 1980; Bridge of Allan, 15 v 1983; Corstorphine Hill, Edinb., 29 ix 2002), Dee (Crathes Castle as E.granulatus, 26 vi 1962), Clyde (Patrick, as E.variegatus, 21 ix 1953; Dunbarton, 10 x 1979; Cleghorn Glen,1985), Tay (Craig Pl., 5 ix 1982 & 17 viii 1973) & Argyll (Dalmally, xii 1997; Ardtornish, 27 viii 1986).Also know from Mull & prob.Also, Lewis and Skye.In Stevenson recorded as E.variegatus for Tweed, Tay Dee & Moray.Also Burns Wd.as E.varieagtus.As E.variegatus Tay - Faskally CS 1906, Perth CS 1903 & Murthley CS 1920.

Monascaceae

Monascus

M.pilosus K.Sato ex Hawks.Forth (Edinburgh, in wine bottled opened in 1982, 18 i.1985)

Onygenales

Arthrodermataceae

Arthroderma 

A.cuniculi Dawson from soil and hair, Arran.

A.curreyi Berk.Clyde (Torrinch, Loch Lomond, on woollen fabric at base of cliff, 11 x 1962).Isolated from soil, Mull & Arran.

A.gypsea (Nann.) Weitz.et al.Isolated from soil as Nannizzia, Rhum.

A.multifidum Dawson from soil, Arran.

A.quadrifidum Gentles Isolated from soil Rhum & also as anamorph Trichophyton terrestre on St Kilda.

A.unciniatum Dawson & Gentles Isolated from soil, Mull as anamorphic stage Trichophyton ajelloi.

Ctenomyces

C.serratus Eidam Isolated from soil, Mull.

C.vellereus (Sacc.& Speg.) Kirk as anamorphic state, Chrysosporium asperatum, in soil, Mull.

Shanorella

S.spirothreia Benjamin Recorded from the Highlands on rotting feathers.

Onygenaceae– many collections examined & confirmed by R.Currah, Canada

Aphanoascus

A.fulvesens (Cke.) Apinis as Anixiopsis stercoraria on pony dung from Shaw, Whalsay.Shetland, coll.viii 1985 - xii 1985 & incubated in laboratory; on Soay sheep dung, St Kilda Date ???.As Eurotium (in lit.) in Stevenson recorded with description from old sacking & based on M.C.Cooke material from Dupplin Castle, Tay.

Auxarthron

A.californense Orr & Kuehn.Forth (Edinburgh ex M.J.Richardson, on Rabbit pellets, 6 xi 1966; Sauchieburn Est., nr, Stirling, on Rabbit pellets, I x 1966 comm.Mj.Richardson).

A.prob.umbrinum (Boud.) Orr & Kuehn.Dee (Creag Leak, Braemar as A.californense on rabbit dung, 5 v 1999, coll.ex M.J.Richardson).Isolated as Gymnoascus from soil, Mull.

Chrysosporium

Anamorphic genus

C.cf.merdarium (Ehrenb.) Carmichael Sutherland (Caithness, on timber above fireplace, vii 1976) – 

Onygena - examond and confirmed by R.Currah

O.corvina A.& S.Dee (Edzell, on owl pellet, 13 ix 1958) & Clyde (Carddenden, North of Shawmill, Ayrshire, on feathers in beech litter, 14 viii 1982).Known from Rhum & Mull.

O.equina (Willd.) Pers.All records on old sheep horns, Forth (Bonnally Hill, Pentlands, 26 x 1973; Lammermuir, East Lothian, 17 viii 1996), Tay (Straloch, Kindrogan 30 viii 1985; Glen Fee, Clova, 21 x 1953) & Argyll (Loch Lochay, iii 1994).Known from Raasay, Harris & Mull - 2 collections.Arran on sheep horn.On Colonsay on goat’s horn.Old coll.by McWhitefield, 1873; no data).Recorded in Stevenson for Forth, Tay & Solway with horse hoofs & goat horns added to substrates.

O.piligena Fr.Forth (Archerfield, East Lothian, on rotten wrapping of firework in hedgerow.9 i 2016).

Amylocarpus

A.encephaloides Currey Recorded from Scotland on marine driftwood according to Kohlmeyer

Arachniotus

A.albicans Apinis isolated from soil, Mull.

A.candidus (Eidam) Schroet.Forth (prob.Edinburgh, on rabbit pellet ex M.J.Richardson).

A.citrinus Mass.& Salmon on cow dung, Shetland.

A.hebridensis Apinis isolated from soil, Rhum.

Gymnascella

G.calcarea Currah Skye ???as Lepadium pezizoideum rocks below Creag nan Gobha, 25 viii 1984 det.by Currrah, 1 vi 1991.

Gymnoascus

G.reesii Baran Sutherland (Loch Fleet, on rabbit droppings 2 viii 2005), Forth (Braid Rd., Edinburgh, on grey squirrel droppings with Chaetocladium & Piptocephalis, 12 iii 2004; contaminant in culture, RBGdn., Edinb., 4 iv 1954; Portnock, Scotswell, on rabbit droppings, 21 v 1996; Braid Hills, 20 v 1996; Winchburgh, on rabbit droppings with Coprotus, 20 ix 1996; Colinton Church, in ladies toilet, Clerk or works enquiry; Orchard Brae, Edinb., on cat dung, 18 v 1971).Also known from Shetland & on Rabbit dung Stronsay, Orkney.

Hypocreomycetidae

Coronophorales 

Bertiaceae

Bertia

B.moriformis (Tode) de Not.A widespread species on decorticated wood 0f a range of tree-species.All records on Fagus unless otherwise stated.Tweed (Glen Tress, on twigs of Picea sitchensis 24 v 1975; Dawyck, 26 ii 2002, 15 i 2001 & 7 x 1994; Bowhill, 27 viii 1995), Forth (Cammo Pk., Edinb., 27 x 1978; Balerno, 15 x 1977; Limekilns, 7 xi 1983; Humbie Wd., East Lothian, 11 v 1941, 2 coll.; Gilmerton, Edinb., 2 vii 2006), Clyde (Grear Cumbrae Is., 17 iv 1975; Chatelherault, on dead wood 1990 ), Moray (Darnaway, 3 viii 1978; Rothiemurchus, Aviemore, 5 v 1955), Solway (Langholm, on Quercus, 18 iii 1951) & Tay (Kirriemuir no further data).Known from Skye & Mull on decorticated wood of various woody species; recorded from Arran on decorticated Rhododendron ponticum.In Stevenson as Psilosphaeria on dead branches from all Watersheds except Solway, Sutherland & Argyll.Recorded as Psilosphaeria for Solway in Stevenon App.8.As Sphaeria moriformis undoubtedly a collection made by Klotszch but not signed - writing correct for ‘common’ & Forth (Carlowie, near Edinb., Greville coll.1821).As Sphaeria Dunphail, 9 iv 1877, 4 collectiotns, 2 unlocated and undated; also 25 ii 1874, prob.Keith coll.On Fagus & Acer Rothiemurchus CS 1927, Kilmun CS 1932, Rothiemurchus on Fagus & Tliia BMS 1938.

Coronophoraceae

Coronophora

C.angustata Fuckel Tweed (Dawyck, on Fagus, 17 iv 2004).

C.annexa Nits.Recorded as Coronophora for Shetland.

C.gregaria (Lib.) Fuckel Forth (Dunfermline, Pittencreife Wd., on Tilia, 10 vi 1983).Also, old Greville collection Roslin as Peziza aucuparia on Sorbus aucuparia - Forth.Known from Skye on Sorbus aucuparia.

Nitschkiaceae

Acanthonitschkia

A.tristis (Pers.) Nannf.Forth (Coventor’s Wd., Edinb., on old wood, 2 viii 2006).

Enchnoa

E.lanata (Fr.) Fr.on Betula.Stevenson as Sphaeria on Betula Argyll.On dead branches of Chatelherault, 1985 – Clyde.On burnt Ulex Clackmannan & Arthurs seat.Also, Skye

Lasiosphaeripsis

L.salisburgyi Hawks.& Siv.Sutherland (Bettyhill, Farr Bay, on Peltigera rufescens, 24 viii 1983) & Forth (Dunbar, on P.rufescens, 8 ix 1991; East of Linlihgow, on P.rufecsens, 12 iii 1998).

L.supersparsa (Zopf) Triebel Tay (Killin, on Porpidia sp., 21 i 1991).

Nitschkia

N.collapsa (Romell) Chent.Known from Orkney on dead Acer pseudoplatanus branches.N.cupularis (Pers.) Karst.Forth (New Hailes, on old wood, 3 ii 2008).in Stevenson as Cucurbitaria on branches of Prunus padus, Forth.Old collection on cupules as Cucurbitua, Sanqhar, Keith collection – Moray.Fyve Castle CS 1931.

N.grevillei (Rehm) Nannf.Forth (Cammo Pk., Edinb., on Acer pseudoplatanus, 27 x 1978; Penicuik 7 xii 2008; CarberryTower, 6 iv 2003; Ravelston, 2 v 2004; Ormiston, 7 iii 2009).Known from Islay on Acer & southern Scotland on various unidentifiable, effete pyrenomycetes.Also, N.Hoy, Orkney on Sorbus aucuparia.

N.parasitans (Schw,) Nannf.Forth (New Hailes, on Nectria 2 ii 2006.As Cucurbitaria Cooke 561 Edinb.

Rhagadostoma

R.lichenicola (de Not.) Keissl.Dee (S.Aberdeen, on Solorina crocata, 24 vi 2005; Braemar, viii 1854), Tay (Killin 20 vi 1989; Ben Lawers 24 vii 1986 & old collections iv 1855 Holotype from Ben Lawers vi 1856 in E) & Moray (Loch Mullardoch, viii 1984).In Stevenson as Psilosphaeria on Solorina crocea with description, Tay.

Winteriana

W.clavata Munk on decorticated wood Scotland fide Dennis.

Glomerales

Glomerellaceae

Acrostalagnus

Anamorphic genus

A.tenerum (Link) Gams & Schreurs Forth (Edinb., as Verticillium on old Brassica sp., 25 vii 1978).

Colletotrichum - most species in the anamorphic state.

C.coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes As Colletotrichum atramentarium causing a root & stem rot called ‘Black Dot’ on both Solanum tuberosum (potato) and Lycopersicum esculentum (tomato) according to Foister (1961), As C.phomodes causing fruit rot on seed of L.esculentum, Auchincrivre in 1954 - the first UK record and was found in glasshouses in Ayrshire 3 years later, probably introduced from North America.As Gloeosporium elasticaum causing ‘Leaf Spot’ of Ficus elastica under glass fide Foister, 1961.

C.dematium (Pers.: Fr.) Grove on Digitalis purpurea stems and flowers, Arran & on Taraxacum N.Hoy, Orkney.

C.gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz.& Sacc.Solway (Castle Kennedy as Gloeosporium, on Rhododendron rhododendri, 23 v 1986, 4 collections; Glen Luce, 25 v 1986), Tweed (Dawyck, on Rhododendron, 7 v 2006).Glomerella cingulata in Dennis on fruit of Prunus spinosa Skye & Mull & as Colletotrichm anamorph.Known from Orkney.Also, as G.rhododendri on Rhododendron ponticum Orkney, Arran, Lewis, Skye, Mull & Colonsay.As Glomerella cingulata causing ‘Bitter Rot’ in Pyrus communis, in Malus sylvestris especially on imported fruits & in Prunus domesticus; Foister, 1961, generally as imperfect state Gloeosporium fructigenum.

C.graminicola (Ces.) Wils.On Steglingia decunbens Unst, Shetaland as C.graminacearum.Causing anthracose in turf fide Foister, 1961.C.helicis (Desm.) Morgan-Jones Clyde as Gloeosporium; see TBMS 5: 247.

C.holci (Syd.) Grove on Holcus mollis Turnberry CS 1926, Montgrennan CS 1921; also, West Kilbride, viii - Clyde; see J.of Botany 56: 341.Forming ‘Leaf Spot’ of Holcus lanatus & Festuca rubra, fide Foiser, 1961.

C.lindemutthianum (Sacc.& Mag.) Brig.& Cav.causing ‘Anthracose’ of Phaesolus coccineus (Runner Bean); it was once was widespread in South Central & South East Scotland from 1924 – 1931 but by 1960 is now rare; Foister, 1961.

C.linicola Pethyb.& Laff.causing ‘Seedling Blight’ of Linum usitatussimum, Foister, 1961

C.malvarum (Braun.& Casp.) Southworth Noted in Pethshire in 1908 on Lavatera trimestris and in Ayrshire in 1954; probably seed borne Foister, 1961.

C.salicis (Aersw, ex Fuckel) Damm, Cannon & Crous Collection by Wilson as Plectosphellaria on Salix, with no further data.Is the collection even British?

C.trichellum (DC.: Fr.) Duke Forth (Corstorpine Hill as Vermicularia on living leaves of Hedera helix with illustration, 6 iv 1944).On Hedera helix Shapinsay, Orkney, Gigha & Arran and as Vermicularia, on dead Ilex aqufolium leaf, Pinmore CS 1905 - Clyde.Forming Leaf Spot’ of Hedera helix, fide Foister, 1961.

Glomerella

G.cingulata (Stonem.) Spauld.& v.Shrank see Coleotrichum gloeosporoides above which is the accepted name for this teleomorphic fungus.

G.miyabeana (Ston.) Spayd.On Salix Tiree & Lismore.Causing ‘Black Canker’ of Salix spp.; widespread in North 1954 & 1957, South West 1956 & 1954 & 1957 & in South East; common & widespread Foister 1961 in East.

G.phacidiomorpha (Ces.) Petrak Forth (RBGdn., Edinb.as Gloeosporium ipomeae, on Pharbitis, 30 iii 1962).Also, on Phormium tenax Gigha with Gloeosporium rhodocyclium.Known on Phormium from Arran.Forming ‘Leaf Spot’, as Colletotricum rhodocyclum fide Foister, 1961.As Gloeosporium on P.tenax fide Foister, 1961.Colletotrichum rhodocyclum Arran on Phormidium tenax: Kirk & Spooner consider this to be the conidial state of G.phcidiomorpha see above.

Vermicularia - Anamorphic genus

V.culmigena Desm.on Stegelingia see above under Colletotrichum graminacearum.

V.herbarum Westd.Forth (Roslin, on Teucreum with illustration, 28 viii 1943) & Clyde (Auchincruive, on dead Chenopodium album, 23 i 1933).

V.maculans Desm.Forth (Hopetoun Hse., on Urtica dioica, ii 1922).

V.liliacearum Westd.Scottish collections iv 1911 but no further information.

Plectosphaerellaceae

Phialophora – Anamorphic genus

P.cinerescens (Wallr.) v.Boemya Tay (Cromwell as Verticillium.on cultivated Dianthus caryophyllus, 16 xii 1940).

Verticillium

V.agaricium (Link) Corda Tay (Blair Atholl, on dead Inocybe, 25 ix 1956) & Forth (Balerno on Lactarius, 2 vi 1952).

V.alboatrum Reinke Dee (Cults, Aberdeen, on Lycopersicum esculentum (tomato), 15 vi 1943) & Forth (Edinb.in garden, on Sambucus, 7 vii 1989).Also, on Cucumis sativus (cucumber) Shetland.In Foister (1961) causing ‘Tomato Wilt’.

V.cinerascens Wllenw.causing ‘Wilt’ of Dianthus caryophylus Foister, 1961.

V.dahlae Kleb.‘Blue Stain Stripe’ of Rubus idaeus, wilts of Lycopersicum esculentum (Tomato) & Chrysanthemum moriforium.On Dahlia occasional fide Foister, 1961.

V.vilmorini (Guig.) Westerd.& van Luijk causing wilt of Aster spp.Foister, 1961.

Hypocreales

Bionectriaceae

Biionectria

B.ralfsii (Berk.& Br.) Schreurs & Samuels Known on Ulex, Tiree.

Hydrosphaeria

H.arenula (Berk.& Br.) Rossman & Samuels On Juncus Mull 23 vi 1977.Known on Iris & Juncus, Gigha & Kintyre.

H.erubescns (Roug.ex Desm.) Rossman & Samuels Forth (Hopetoun Hse.on Ilex aquifolia leaves, 27 ix 1980.

Nectriella

N.dacrymycella (Nyl.) Rehm On Iris peudocornus stems, N.Hoy, Orkney.

N.laminariae Erikss.On dead stems of Laminaria Orkney & Skye.

Nectriopsis

N.candicans (Plowr.) Maire on Trichia floriformis, Mull.

N.lecanodes (Ces.) Ded.& Schroers Dee (Menie Aberdeen, on Peltigera hymnenia, 19 ix 2006; Findhorn, on P.membranacea, 15 viii 2010), Argyll (Ardtornish, on Lobaria laetevirens, 7 xi 2009), Forth (Dunbar, on P.neckeri, 13 xi 2005), All as Nectria – Solway (Knapdale, on Nephroma laevigatum, 21 x 2001 & on L.pulmonaria, 13 iii 1999 & on L.amplissima, 6 x 1991), Tay (Tentsmuir, on P.malacea, 10 ix 1988), Ross (Morven, on L.virens, 8 ii 1992 & on Degelea plumbea, 6 ii 1992) & Argyll (Glen Nant, on L.laetevirens,.21 1985).Also known from Raasay & from Seil (10 collections).Loch Arkaig, on L.amplissima, 29 v 1975.Old collection by Keith on P.canina.

N.micarae Died.Argyll (Loch Shin on Micaera prasina on Betula, 19 x 2013) & Ross (Sunart, on M.micrococca on Betula, 23 xi 2011).

N.rexanianum (Sacc.) Rossman et al.Forth (Dunfermline as Verticillium, on Stemonitis, 11 ii 1984; Corstorphine Hill, on Mycetozoa flux, vii 1943).

N.rubifaciens (Ellis & Everh.) Cole & Hawks.Ross (West Ross, Talladale Gorge as Nectriopsis, on Parmelia sulcata, 2 xi 2007).

N.cf.sporangiicola (Samuels) Samuels A collection on Stereum rugosum from Rousay in part agreed with this taxon; fide Walter Gams (Baarn, Netherlands).

N.violacea (Schmidt.Ex Fr.) Maire Tay (Loch Craiglush, Dunkeld, on Fuligo, x 1956; Perth, on Fuligo septica, 15 iv 1996; Kindrogan, on old polypore, 19 viii 1966), Tweed (Dawyck, on F.septica, 13 ix 2004) & Dee (Edzell, on Fuligo, 3 ix 1953).Also, old collection as Hypomyces in old saw-pit, Cawdor 19 ix 1879 Keith recorded for Moray in Stevenson App 3 with description.

Paranectrria

P.affinis Sacc.Solway (Kintrye, on sterile biofilm with Micaerea prasina, agg., 29 ix 2013).In Stevenon as Nectria with description on Ephebe pubescens Argyll.

P.oropensis (Ces.& de Not.) Hawks.Tay (East Perthshire, Pauth Cemetry, on Lecidella scabra & on Physcia caesia, 13 vi 2012; Black Wd.of Rannoch on Parmelliella triptoplylis, on Populus tremula, 11 vi 1986), Dee (Hazelbank check loc., on Lepraria incana, 30 vii 2009) & Solway (Kintyre, Taynish, on Degelia atlantica, 29 iv 2006); also known from Skye & Seill (6 viii 1980, on Parmeliella atlantica Seil.Recent collection by S.Kennedy from Forth.

P.superba Hawks.Moray (Findhorn, on Peltigera rufescens, 7 iii 2015; East Perthshire, on Lecidella scabra & Physica caesia, 13 vi 2012).

Many unidentified but localised specimens of Paranectria in E

Pronectria

P.anisospora (Lowen) Lowen All records on Hypogymnia physodes.Solway (Kintyre, , 2 v 2002; Knapdale, 13 iii 1999), Tay (Glen Almond, Perthshire, 27 ix 2012), Forth (Stenton, East Lothian,16 ii 1999; Haddington, 31 x 2012; Upper Monynut Forest, East Lothian, 19 ix 1999), Moray (Curr Wd., nr.Abernethy, 6 iv 2005) & Argyll (Loch Eck, Cowell, as Nectriella, 23 ix 1988).

P.echinulata Lowen Ross (Strathcarron, on Physcia aipolia on Fraxinus, 13 v 2011) & Moray (Insch, Easterness, 27 i 2014).

P.fissriprodiens Etayo All records on Lobaria pulmonaria Ross (Arduff, Loch Carron, 2 i 1999; Kishorn,19 xi 2013; Slumbay Is.) & Sutherland (Dunbeath, Caithness, 8 viii 1999).Also, on Mull 2 collections, Islay, Hoy, Seill, Skye & Eigg - 2 collections.

P.leptaleae (Steiner) Lowen All records on Physcia aipolia Dee (Muir of Dinnet, 22 iii 2004) & Ross (Appelcross, 25 ix 2004.

P.oligospora Lowen & Rogerson Forth (Tyninghome, on Punctelia subrudecta on Acer, 2 i 2012).

P.pertusricola Lowen All records on Pertusaria pertusa Moray (Findhorn, on Corylus, 22 2008; SE of Beauly, on, 22 ii 1997), Ross (Appelcross, 25 ix 2004), Solway (Kintyre, on Quercus, 30 iv 2006), Tay (Kindrogan, on Fraxinus, 5 iv 2009; Aberfeldy, on Fraxinus, 20 v 2001) & Forth (Kirknewton, on Fraxinus, 18 viii 2012).

P.robergei (Mont.& Desm.) Lowen Records on Peltigera didactyla unless otherwise stated.Forth (East Lothian, Trapain Law, 15 ix 1996; Torphicen, West Lothian, i6 vii 2016), Argyll (Kinlochewe as Nectriella on Peltigera canina, 23 viii 1983), Tay (Craighill, Blairgowrie, on P.praetexta, 3 ix 1999), Moray (Easterness, 5 ix 2005; also Culbin as Nectriella carnea on P.canina, Keith coll.1876.There is the isotype in E from Lynn, England.

P.santessonii (Lowen & Hawks.) Lowen Forth (Tyninghame, on Anatptycha runciana, 13 iv 1998; Isle of May,7 vii 2010; north of Direlton, 2 v 1993; St Abbs Head, 3 iv 1999).Also 2 collections from Isle of Muck, 28 vi 2012 & 25 vi 2012.

P.tenuispora (Hawks.) Lowen Forth (Ormiston Bings, on Peltigera hymenia, 18 v 2008; West Calder on P.polydactyla as Nectriella).Type in E.

Roumegueriella

R.rufula (Berk.& Br.) Speg.Forth (Edinb., as Lilliputia on straw and debris from rabbit hutch, 11 iii 1964).On dungy compost St Kilda.Also known as Anixiopsis stercoria.

Selinia

S.pulchra (Winter) Sacc.Tweed (Broughton, on sheep droppings, 4 v 2003).Also, known from Mousa, Shetland on sheep dung, the collections of which might belong tp S.intermedia which has been considered a synonym.

Stephanonectria

S.keithii (Berk.& Br.) Schroers & Samuels In Stevenson with description as Nectria on Brassica (cabbage) stalks Moray.Material in E holotytpe - 15 ii 1876 as Nectria: Keith coll.probably refers to the record of Stevenson.

Trichonectria

T.aff.australis Etayo Solway (Knapdale, on Usnea, 26 ix 2013).T.hirta (Blox.) Petch Sutherland (Bridge of Fors, top of gate, 24 viii 1983).

Xanthonectria

X.pseudopeziza (Berk.& Br.) Lechat.et al.Forth (Devilla Wd.as Calonectria, on Sarathamnus, 4 viii 2009) & Sutherland (Dunnet Links, on Sarathamnus, 14 v 1980 - 2 collections).Known from Orkney, Arran & Gigha on Phormiun tenax.In Stevenson as Nectria ochraceopallida, on dead Ulmus Tweed.

Purely anamorphic taxa

Aphanocladium

A.album (Preuss) Gams Forth (Dunfermline, on myxomycete, 19 ii 1984) & Tay (Black Wd.of Rannoch, on Trichia decipiens, 20 v 2003).

Clonostachys

C.roseum (Link) Schreurs & Samuels as Gliocladium roseum Forth (Edinburgh, on Trichomanes speciosum (Killarney Fern), Dr Paul, xii 1926; causing Rhododendron die-back, West range, RBGdn., Edinb., 10 viii 1975; Dalkeith on Sequadodendron, 8 ix 2001; Bawsinch Edinb., on herbaceous stems, 4 viii 2002) & Tay (Ben Vrackie, on grouse droppings, 22 vi 1968).Also, as Gliocladium roseum recorded for Rhum & Mull

Dendrodochium

D.citrinum Grove on branches of Pinus mugo, Shetland.

Gliocladium

G.album Preuss on Stereum rugosum, Rousay, Orkney.

G.deliquescens Sopp isolated from soil, Mull.

Clavicipitaceae

Byssostilbe

B.stilbigera (Berk.& Br.) Petch as anamorphic stage.As Byssostilbe ovalispora Tay (Kindrogan, on rotting stump, on myxomycete, 25 viii 1977) & Forth (Vogrie Park, on Trichia varia, 19 i 2008).As Blistum tomentosum on Trichia botrytis Skye & Mull.(Recent collection from Edinburgh – Forth ex Simon Kennedy).

Claviceps

C.nigricans Tul.On Eleocharis multicaulis, Mull.(Records from J.Muscott for Forth (West Lothian 7 x 1990 FC Plantation NS 40477061, west of Easter Rigghead and a little further south to the west).On Scirpus palustris Ardrossan Sands, Ayr autumn 1909.

C.purpurea (Fr.) Tul.This is an extremely common fungus species but is usually recorded only as the sclerotium; sexual fruiting structures are rarely collected; there is a single collection in E asterisked below.Potential hosts cover a whole range of taxa.Clyde (Glasgow, on Holcus mollis, vi 1926; Alloway, Ayr on Lolium perenne, ix 1926 & 13 viii 1924; Milngarvie, on H.mollis, 9 ix 1959; Dougalston, on Descampsia flexuosa, 9 ix 1959), Forth (Leith, Edinb., on Triticium (American Dark Hard Spring Wheat), 26 viii 1946; Midlothian, on H.lanatus, x 1928; Dalmahoy, on Glyceria fluitans, 16 viii 1946; Crossford, on L.multiforme, 18 x 1995; Dreghorn, Edinb., on Nardus stricta, viii 1942; Corstorphine, on L.perenne, ix 1942; Cockburnspath, on Hordeum vulgare, 11 viii 1955; RBGdn., Edinb., on ornamental variety of Arrenatherum elatius, 9 viii 1979; Lammermuir Hills, on Nardus stricta, ix 1938; Path Lab.on L.perenne; Dirleton, on Ammophila (as Psamma) arenaria,Dactylis glomerata & Lolium perenne ix 1951; East Craigs on Secale cereale, xi 1942; SPBSt.Edinb., on hybrid Triticium/Secale, 30 viii 1946; Linlithgow, on Phalaris arundinacea, viii 1955; Fauldhouse, West Lothian, on Anthoxanthum odoratum, 13 viii 2009; Fifeness, on L.perenne, 12 x 1979; RBGdn.Edinb., on Aegilops speltoides, 22 viii 1997; East Craigs, on A.elatius (as A.avenacea), 13 x 1942; Carnwath, 1 ix 1968; Dunlay Bog, N.Fife, on A.elatius, 9 ix 1971, 2 coll.), Tay (St Andews, on Festuca pratensis (as F.elatior) & on G.fluitans, xi 1928; The Links, St Andews, on A.arenaria, 29 ix 1965; Tentsmuir, on H.lanatus, D.glomerata., A.odoratum, A.elatius & Koeleria cristata, 5 ix 1968 and Tentsmuir on A.odoratum, 21 ix 1966; Angus, on A.odoratum, viii 1935; Kinchaven, Stanley, on S.cereale, 31 viii 1943; Callendar, on Phalaris (as Digraphis) arundinacea, ix 1931; Killin, on G.fluitans, 2 ix 1961; Callander, on A.elatius (as A.avenaceum, ix 1931; Killin Pass, on G.fluitans, 4 ix 1961; Glen Lyon, on A.elatius, 13 ix 1966; Dunkeld, on Calamagrostis epigejus, 18 ix 1959), Sutherland (Nigg Bay, 26 ix 1985 2 coll.; Durness, on Ammophila (as Psamma) arenarius, 30 viii 1944), Moray (Loch Shin, Lairg, on A.odoratum & on A.elatius (as A.avenaceum), 21 viii 1944; Boat of Garten, on H.mollis & D.glomerata, ix 1945; Culbin, on Ammophila (as Psamma) arenaria viii 1937 & 8 ix 1975; Aigas, on Agrostis, 28 ix 1985; Aviemore on Anthoxanthum sp.& Deschampsia (as Aira) flexuosa 2 coll.ix 1927;Corsen, Moray, on S.cereale, 24 ix 1942; Loch Duntelchang, viii 1946), Solway (Wigton.On Alopecurus glacialis, viii 1943; Torrs warren, Wigtonshire, on Elymus arenarius, 30 viii 1960; Thornhill, on Phleum pratense & on D.glomerata, 25 ix 1924; Castle Douglas, on Holcus, A.elatius & D.glomerata, 15 viii 1943), Argyll (Tarbert, on Phal.arundinacea, 26 viii 1944; Glen Branter as Claviceps microcephala, on Molinia carerulea, x 1927) & Dee (Lumpharan, on N.stricta, x 1922; Aberdeen, on Agropyron repens, ix 1945; Forvie, on L.perenne, 10 ix 1975).Old collection in Greville Herb.from Jardine Hall, viii 1830; also, Keith coll.but no data.Also records from Tiree on G.fluitans, viii 1937); known from Orkney incl N.Hoy, Papa Westray, Stronsay as well as Mainland one collection of which is on Glyceria pedicellata), St.Kilda, Lewis, N.Uist, S.Uist, Tiree, Coll, Rasaay, Skye, Eigg (on A.odoratum), Mull (Glen Aros on N.stricta & * host unidentif.in diitch, 3 vi 1969), Lismore, Colonsay, Islay, Orkney incl Papa Westray & Shetland (on Alopecurus pratensis 2 coll., Poa nemoralis, E.arenarius & P.arundinacea, addition to all the major Watersheds.Recorded on Alopecurus geniculatus, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrenatherum elatius (common), Dactylis glomerata (common), Glyceria fluitans, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne, Monilia caerulea, Nardus stricta, Phalaris arundinacea (var.phalaridis), Phragmites communis & Secale cereale (forma secalis).In Stevenson recorded on grain of corn and grasses Tay, Dee & Moray.Recorded in Stevenson for App.4 for Argyll.Collection labelled Claviceps in E refer to the sclerotial stage: Dee (Craibstone, Aberdeen, on Holcus, 3 x 1921; Glen Tanar, on G.fluitans & Deschampsia caespitosa, 5 ix 1975; Dinnet, on Festuca rubra, 6 ix 1975; Aberdeen Bot.Gdn., no further data), Forth (Edinb., on A.elatius, 1922; Path Lab.on Festuca no date; Edinb., on L.italicum & Phalaris (as Digraphis) x 1922.One collection from Health food shop in Rodney St., Edinb., 18 viii 1971 on Triticium, origin unknown.A collection intercepted from Chile and found at East Craigs), Argyll (Kishorn, on M.caerulea, 10 x 1959), Tweed (Innerleithen, on Phal.(as Digraphis) arundinacea, ix 1929; Kelso,on Arrenatherum, viii 1924; Ancrum, on D.glomerata, no further data), Tay (St Andrews, on E.arenarius, 26 vii 1975; Tentsmuir in Arrenatherum, 13 vii 1969 & on D.glomerata, 21 x 1961; West Sands, St Andrews, on E.arenarius, 8 ix 1965; Tentsmuir, on Agropyron junceiforme, 9 & 10x 1965 & on Holcus 13 vii 1969; Boarshill, on A.elatius, 25 x 1972; Clatho Res., on D.caespitosa, 15 ix 1971), Clyde (Chatelherault, on A.elatius, Chatelherault, 1976; & Falls of Clyde, on Phal.arundinacea, 1889), Argyll (Guinard Bay, on N stricta, viii 1934), Moray (Aviemore on Anth.s odoratum, ix 1925; coll.) & Solway (Gatehouse, on Phal.arundinacea, ix 1943; on D.caesipitosa & D.glomerata CS 1948).Alloway CS 1926 on L.perenne.On Hordeum Rothiemurchus & on Anthoxanthum Aviemore & Festuca CS 1927 on Dactylis Dettis & Fyvie Castle CS 1931 & on Ammophila (Psamma) arenaria, Countesswells CS 1931; on Dactylis & Agropyron Kilmun CS 1932; on Phleum pratense & Dactylis Thornhill CS 1924; on D.glomerata & D.caespitosa CS 1948.At Peebles meeting CS 1946 Claviceps purpurea was found on Agrostis stolonifera & var.gigantea (= A.alba), Anthoxanthum, Dactylis, L.perenne & Phleum pratense.Also, see Foister 1961.As C.microcephala on Holcus, Anthoxanthum & Glyceria fluitans Aviemore foray BMS 1938.

Epichloe

E.typhina (Pers.) Tul.& Tul.Choke.Dee (Banchory, in 1960, no further data; Edzell, on Agrostis stolonifera (as A.alba), ix 1928), Tay (Kindrogan, Dalreach, on A.tenuis, 23 ix 1983 & on Holcus , 18 viii 1972; Blairgowrie, on Deschampsia(as Aira) caespitosa, 27 vii 1941; Denmark Field, Perth, on Dactylis glomerata, 27 vii 1942; Kirkmichael, on Agrostis sp.?, 11 viii 1941; Tentsmuir, on A.tenuis, 22 vi 1966; Eden Street, St Andrews, on Arrhenatherum elatius, 2 viii 1966), Forth (Corstorphine, Edinb., on Festuca rubra, 26 v 1943 & on H.lanatus, 9 vii 1944: Path Lab.,on D.glomerata, vii 1927, no further data; Cove, on H.lanatus, 6 viii 1967; East Craigs, on A.canina, 4 vi 1941; Keby Burn, East Fife, on D.glomerata, 19 vi 1965; Ansthruther, on D.glomerata, 1 xi 1973), Argyll (Beinn Udhaidh, on Molinia caerulea, 16 vii 1980; Glen Nant, on A.capillaris, 26 ix 2004), Clyde (Ayrshire, on Bromus racemosus, viii 1927; Kirkfield Bank, Lanark, on Agropyron repens, 2 vi 1941) & Tweed (Broughton, Peebles, on Agrostis tenuis (as A.vulgaris), 3 viii 1943; Glen Tress, on A.canina, 11 viii 1954.Known on Agrostis from Barra, Raasay, Skye & Arran; Mull (Dervaig & about Tironan) & on Festuca rubra from Harris & Rhum.On Shetland found on Unst on A.stolonifera and on Ness on Nardus stricta.Also, on Canna on D.glomerata, vi 1963.In Stevenson recorded on living grasses for all Watersheds except Sutherland & Ross.Old Keith collections from Grantown & Forres on D.glomerate, Auchintinny Wd.near Edinb., as Polystigma typhina = Sphaeria, Sept., Greville Herb.; unlabelled Wilson collections for x 1914, coll.labelled N.E Scotland, 10 vii 1988 and one unlabelled.CS 1933 Glamis on Dactylis & Abernethy & Rothienurchus BMS 1938.Foister, 1961 notes this on many forage grasses including Bromus erectus but the disease, although widespread, does no do the damage it can in England and Wales.

Neobarya

N.aurantiaca (Plow.& Wilson) Samuels et al.A hyperparasite on Claviceps; all collections as Claviceps wilsonii.Tay (Ballanluig, 10 x 1921 & x 1922; St.Fillans, Loch Earn on Glyceria fluitans, viii 1954), Tweed (Monteviot, on Holcus lanatus, 21 ix 1991 plus coll.with no label), Forth (W.Leith on Agrostis canina, 24 x 1975) & Dee (Lumpharan, on Glyceria fluitans, x 1922).

Cordycipitaceae

Beauveria – Anamorphic genus

B.felina (DC.) Carmich.Tay (Perth, on cat dung, in Stevenson App.5.

Cordyceps

C.farinosus (Homsk.) Kepler et al.A species represented only by the anamorph.Tweed (Peebles, on Oak Eggar caterpillar, as Paecilomyces, vi 1988), Forth (Carlops, in cave, 16 x 1954; Penicuik, on pupating larva, i 1976), Dee (Loch of Skene, on dead inseact, 9 ix 1974, Forestry comm., on Bupalus piniarius, 3 vi 1955) & Solway (Forest of Ae., on insect pupa, 14 x 1985).As Paecilomyces on soil and lepidopterous pupae, Rhum & Mull.Also, on abdomen of Noctua pronuba (nocturnal moth) Orkney & on caterpillar under Sambucus or Rubus spectabilis.Old Greville collection labelled Clavaria formosa overwritten with ’Isaria farinosa’ and with ‘Cordyceps’; no further data.On dead pupa, Kinnoul Hill, CS 1906; Crieff, CS 1910; on dead lepidopterous pupa, Drumnadrochit CS & BMS 1908 & on dead pupas of Lepidptera, Johnstone Castle & Kilkerran CS 1905 Clyde; as Isaria Aberfoyle & Gartmore on insect pupae CS 1929; on dead pupa Kilmun CS 1932.As Paecilomyces on abdomen of Large Nocturnal Moth (Noctua pronuba) & collection on caterpillar under Sambucus both, Orkney.

C.militaris (L.) Link Tay (Fortingall, on caterpillar, 26 ix 1961), Forth (Dalmahoy, S., Queensferry, on mummified caterpiller, 10 i 1954; Alva Wd., Clackmannan, 8 x 1989; Stirling, on pupa, 10 x 1979; Dunfermline, 22 xii 1980; Raith Pk., Kirkcaldy, 6 x 1951), Tweed (Dawyck Bot.Gdn., 24 ix 2006 & 11 iii 2006), Argyll (Glen Eucher, 30 x 1983; Kishorn, 19 x 1957; Ben Lui, 16 viii 1984), Ross (Slumbay, Loch Carron, 21 x 1958 ), Clyde (Loch Lomond Res., 10 x 1983; Benmore B.Gdn., 17 xi 1977), Sutherland (Bettyhill, x 1974; Loch Forest W.Ross, 31 viii 1975; Loch Banralan, 3 x 1985) & Solway (Port Patrick, 21 ix 1953).Also known from Arran,Orkney (Berriedale), Shetland (Hascasay), St Kilda, Skye (Prabost, 19 ii 1993), Rhum, Mull (Loch Buie, & Pennygown) & Ulva (26 x 1970) & Islay on lepidopterous pupae.In Stevenson as Torrubia on moth pupa in moss Tay.As T.militaria recorded for Argyll in App.4 Clyde (Chatelherault, on pupating caterpillar, 1981).And on dead pupa of Lepidoptera in the ground, Hafton Clyde CS 1905, Rozella CS 1926, Eglinton Castle CS 1928 & CS 1909 Castle Kennedy, Blair CS 1921 on dead pupa.

Elaphycordyceps

E.capitata (Holmsk.) Sung Tweed (Dawyck, under Abies pectinata, on E.granulatus, 14 xi 2007), Solway (Forest of Ae, on E.muricatus, 12 x 1985), Clyde (Balmaha, Loch Lomond, late x 1989; Inchlonaig, Loch Lomond, on E.granulatus, 13 x 1975; Youger B.Gdn., Ben More, under Nothofagus obliqua, on E.granulatus, 11 xii 1997 & on E.granulatus, 4 x 1998),Tay (Black Wd.of Rannoch, Camghouran, 11 x 1964), Argyll (Kishhorn 14 x 1959) & Solway (Sleat, on E.granulatus, x 1980).Known from Skye, Mull, Arran & Colonsay on Elaphomyces spp.In Stevenson recorded on E.granulatus for Tay & Clyde.Old collection Forth (Penicuik, as Trichoglossum).On E.granulatus Kinnoul Hill CS 1906.As Torrubia Perth CS 1903; Aviemore CS 1927.

E.ophioglossoides (Ehrb.) SungTweed (Dawyck, on E.granulatus, 30 ix 2001), Dee (Edzell, 13 ix 1958), Forth (Balerno, 28 ix 1958; Ochtertyre Moss Stirling, on E.muricatus, 9 ix 1980; Gifford, on E.granulatus, 7 ix 2009; Devilla Wd., on E.granulatus, 29 ix 2007; Corstorphine Hill, Edinb., on E.muricatus, 29 ix 2002), Tay (Barry Links, nr.Dundee, on E.granulatus, 31 viii 1985; Black Craig, nr.Kirkmichael, 5 ix 1982; Crieff, 5 ix 2010; Bridge of Cally, 29 viii 1985; Rannoch on E.granulatus, 1 x 1961 & as C.capitata 29 viii 1954), Moray (Aviemore, on E.granulatus, ix 1938), Clyde (Dunbarton, on E.muricatus, 10 x 1979; Cleghorn Glen, on Elaphomyces, 1985), Argyll (Ardtornish, on E.muricatus, 27 viii 1986) & Dee (Edzell, 12 ix 1958).Known from Mull (Salen Forest & Aros 7 ix 1968) on E.muricatus & prob.Lewis & Skye (x 1980).In Stevenson recorded on E.variegatus = E.muricatus for Tay.Old collection l Forth Greville coll., Foxhal, 1821 and Tarbet x 1821 Greville.Also, an unlabelled collection with no locality.On E.variegatus Faskally CS 1906; on E.granulatus., CS 1946, Clyde; Muir of Thorn CS 1925 on E.variegatus.As Torrubia Perth, CS 1903; Aviemore CS 1927 on E.variegatus; Peebles, CS 1946; Drumnadrochit, CS 1908; Birks Wd., Aberdeen CS 1962; on E.variegatus Crieff CS 1910; Eglinton & Montgrennan CS 1921 on E.variegatus; CS 1948, on E.variegatus,Thornhill; Murthly CS 1920; Abernethy & Carr Bridge Aviemore foray BMS 1938 & Rothiemurchus BMS 100.Drumnadrochit, CS & BMS 1908.

Torrubiella

T.albolanata Petch Forth? on spider on Gylceria Dennis no further data.

T.arachnophila (Johnt.) Mains Known on spiders from Mull as Gibellula pleiopus & on dead spider Shetland.As Isaria CS 1912 Altyre on spider.

Anamorphis genera

Cephalosporium

C.aphidicola Petch Solway (Auchincruive, on Capitophorum fragrariae, iii 1939 det.by T.Petch).

Isaria

I.citrina Pers.on decayed agaric Moffat CS 1911.

I.intricata Fr.recorded for Moray in Stevenson App.8.

Lecanicillium

L.fungicola (Preuss) Zam.& Gams Forth (Balerno, on Tubaria, 27 x 1978), on Mycena stipitata (as M.alcalina on wood), Orkney & on Cortinarius cinnamomeus, Shetland as Verticillium.As Verticiilium malthousei occurs only occasionally on Agaricus bisporus causing ‘Verticilium Disease’; Foister, 1961.

L.lecanii (Zimm.) Zam.& Gams on Hypocrea, Orkney.As Verticllium also Skye.

L.psalliotae (Treschow) Gams & Scheurs Forth (Ravelston Edinb.as Verticillium on ? Clitocybe sp., 2 ii 2003).

Polycephalomyces

P.tomentosus (Schrad.) Sefert Forth (Corstorphine Hill, on Trichia affinis as Tilachidium, 9 iii 1944) & Tweed (Dawyck as Blistum, in plasmodial flux, 13 xi 2001), Also, known from Mull as Blistum on Trichia botrytis.CS 1908 & BMS Drumnadrochit as Stilbum.As Stilbum Clyde on Trichia, Finlatston Renfrew viii 1909.

Hypocreaceae

Arachnocrea

A .papyracea (Ellis & Holw.) E.Mull.Forth (Dalkeith as Hypocrea (Arachocrea stipitata, on Hypomyces broomeanus on conifer bark, Larix? 13 x 1956: det.G.Arnolds).

Diplocladium

Anamorphic genus

D.penicilloides Sacc.Clyde (Dalry.Ayrshire on dead Trametes (as Polystictus) versicolor; Eglinton, on dead T.(Polystictus) versicolor CS 1921).

Hypocrea

H.gelatinosa (Tode) Link in Stevenson recorded on fir for Tweed, Argyll & Moray.Moray (Loch an Eilean, Keith collection, on Betula, 17 viii 1875; Rothiemurchus 15 viii 1886; Cothall, Moray, 24 ix 1879).Previously known as Creopus.

Hypocreopsis

H.lichenoides (Tode) Seaver in Stevenson as Hypocrea parmelioides on dead Salix, Solway.Recent records from several trees in small area around Gordon Moss – Tweed.Now known from Mull in K.Known from New Galloway as H.riccoidea, v 1885 with 3 packets as Stromatosphaeria stage.More recently also Gordon Moss several collections.

H.rhododendri Thaxter Ross (Soncha in hazelwood, 20 vii 2008, Morven, on Corylus, 10 ii 1992 & 8 ii 1992.Mull 4 collections and specimens from Eigg & Seill - 5 collections.Recent records by L.Holden from parts of Argyll.Subject of a special study on conservation aspects.

Hypomyces

H.asclepiadis Zerova On Solanum tuberosum causing ‘Dry Rot; only as conidial state Fusarium soloni f.radicicola: Foister, 1961.

H.aurantiacus (Pers.) Fuckel Forth (Carberry Towers, Edinb., on old resupinate, 8 iv 2003; Newbattle, on Pleurotus prob.ostreatus, 10 x 1961), Tweed (Hangingshaw, Yetholm, on Ceriporus (as Polyporus) squamosus, 20 ix 2003; Eddleston, Peebles, on Trametes hirsutus, 3 i 1955).Perfect state known from Orkney 2 collections, one each on P.ostreatus & Poly.squamosus; Mull on Trametes versicolor, Clyde (Falls of Clyde as Cladobotryum varium, on P.squamosus.1987) Solway (Glen Trool on Inonotus radiatus as anamorph Cladobotryum variisporus, 24 v 1986).Known from Skye on P.squamosus, Ulva on Bjerkandera adustsa & Mull on T.versicolor.& Orkney on Pleurotus ostreatus - all as anamorphic stage Cladobotryum varium, and in the latter associated with C.mycetophilum.In Stevenson on decaying T.versicolor Forth, Tay, Argyll, Clyde & Moray.Moffat on Trametes (as Polystictus) versicolor CS 1911 & Eglinton on same host CS 1921.As Cladobotryum varium on Polyporus squamosus, St Ola & Pleurotus Mainland, Orkney.

H.broomeanus Tul & Tul.Forth (Dakeith, on conifer wood Larix?, 13 x 1956).

H.chrysospermus Tul.& Tul.An extremely common fungus on boletes of several genera but rarely seen in the perfect state; All Apiocrea, sexual stage rather rare in the UK.Tweed (Dawyck, on old bolete, 4 x 1999; Dawyck, on Cyanoboletus pulverulentus, 16 x 2011; Neoboletus luridiformis, 11 x 2000); Tay (Birnham, Inver, on old bolete,21 ix i975) & Forth (Penicuik, 28 ix 2000; Carenden Wd.Fife, on old bolete, 14 viii 1982; Pittencreiff Pk., on Xerocomellus chrysenteron, 7 xi 1976; Corstorphine Hill, on Paxillus involutus, 9 viii 1988 2 coll.).Moray (Chapelton Wd., Forres coll Stevenson, 20 ix 1871.As Anamorphic stage Sepedonium chrysospermum Tweed (Dawyck, on Leccinum sp., x 1997), Tay (Glen Lyon, on Leccinum versipelle, 16 ix 2006; Tentsmuir on 3-spored Boletus edulis, x 1971; Black Wd.of Rannoch, on Rhizopogon; Pitlochry, Moulin, on Leccinum versipelle, 23 viii 1995), Solway (Knapdale, on bolete, 17 viii 1975), Sutherland (Farr Bay, Bettyhill, on L.salicola, 22 ix 1970), Forth (Juniper Green, Edinb., on Paxillus involutus, 18 x 1994) & Moray (Abernethy, on Suillus luteus, 26 viii 2005).Also known from Shetland on Leccinum scabrum, Arran as Sepedonium for Orkney, Skye, Rhum & Mull on boletes but only as anamorphic stage, Sepedonium chrysospermum.In Stevenson as Sepedonium stage only on decaying boletes for all Watersheds except Sutherland, Solway & Ross.As S.mycophilum but no dates; also, as Cladobotryum chrysospermum Tweed (Dawyck, on Neoboletus luridiformis, 28 ix 2000.Stevenson in App.3 decsribed the perithecial stage on agarsic Forres - Moray.Clyde as anamorph Chatelherault, 1976 & 1991 & on bolete, Falls of Clyde, 1986 & 1989 on B.badius).Gorvan on decaying boletes several collections CS 1905.CS 1907 as Sepedonium, Aviemore CS 1927.Several sites CS 1906 & Culzean CS 1926 & Culzean CS 1928.As Sepedonium CS 1946.As.As conidial stage Derris & Fyvie Castle CS 1931, Kilmun; CS 1932, Drumnadrochi BMS & CS 1908; as Sepedonium Glamis CS 1933, Moffat CS 1911, Crieff CS 1910 & Castle Kennedy CS 1909.On dead Paxillus & bolete Eglinton CS 1921, Altyre Cawdor & Glenferness CS 1912.Identity questionable: Forth (RBGdn, on Budleia davidii vii 1929 & RB Gdn., Edinb.on Rhododendron brachycarpum roots - no further data).

H.lateritius (Fr.) Tul.& Tul.Forth (Grangemouth on Lactarius pubescens, 7 x 2008).All as Peckiella Moray ( Culbin, on L.deterrimus, 6 ix 1988; Glen Orchart, on L.deterrimus, 26 vii 1969),Tay (Kindrogan, Straloch as Hypomyces on L.torminosus, 20 ix 1979; Black Wd., of Rannoch on L.deliciosus, as Byssonecrtia, 24 ix 1983; Black Criag Bridge of Cally, on L.deterrimus, x 2 coll., 20 viii 1967) & Clyde (Chatelherault as Peckiella on L.deterrimus, 1990).In Stevenson on Lactarius deliciosus Tweed - host could have been L.deterrimus not at that time described.Persistent infections at Forth (Jupiter Reserve, Grangemoth on L.pubescens).Also, on L.deliciosus as Peckiella, Mull.

H.ochraceus (Pers.) Tul.Forth (Edinb., on Lactarius pubescen, ix 1999; Doune, on L.torminosus, 7 x 2003 & 24 viii 1989) & Tay (Tentsmuir, on L.vietus, 9 ix 2001; Rannoch, on L.deliciosus, ix 1983; Scotswell, on L.pubescens? 5 ix 2010; Kirkmichael, on Fomes fomentarius, 20 viii 1973).In Stevenson on decaying fungi Forth, Tay & Dee.H.rosellus (Alb.& Schw.) Tul.Forth (Gosford, on Trametes & Eutypa, 1 xii 2013; Slipperfiedl on Trametes versicolor 7 ix 2003), Clyde (Fiddlers Glen, as Cladobotryum dendroides, on Stereum gausapatum, 1991).Tay (Straloch, on Polyporus varius, 7 ix 198).In Stevenson on Thelephora and decaying pine log, Forth, Tay & Argyll; also, as Nectria albertini on dead fir Forth, Moray & Argyll.Often accompanied by anamorphic stage Dactylium dendroides.Tignabriach CS 1913.As Dactylium dendroides Tay (Den of Airlie, on Coriolus = Trametes, 15 iv 1981).As Nectria albertini old collections of Keith from Cluny Hill x 1879 & Cothill, 24 ix 1879 - Moray).Balmutto, Fife as Sphaeria rosellus, 2 collections ix 1822 Gerv.Herb.& also, Appin Carmichael collection, det.G.Arnolds.Cause of Cobweb disease in cultivated mushrooms Foister 1961.On Polypous squamosus Shapinsay, Orkney.

H.viridis Karst.Forth (Deville Wd., Fife, on Russula obscura, 29 ix 2007), Tay (Straloch, Kindrogan, on Lactarius sp.7 ix 1981, Davan 21 viii 1970, 18 viii 1967 & 7 ix 1984) & Moray (Glen Affric, as Byssonectria on Russula sp., 7 ix 1988).

Protocrea

P.farinosa (Berk.& Br.) Petch on Fagus, Ulva.In Stevenson as Hypocrea on basidiome of Heterbasidion annosum - Tay.

Trichoderma also includes teleomorphic species

T.alutaceum Jak.In Stevenson as Hypocrea on wood Tay.

T.aureoviride Rifai Forth (Roslin, on myxomycete & Trichothecium).

T.citrina (Pers.) Jak.et al.As Hypocrea in E & often confused and mislabelled H.pulvinata.Tay (Loch of the Lowes, on overturned log by loch, 11 ix 1991), Forth (Beescraig, on Picea wood, 8 x 2006) & Clyde (Carnwath, on Picea, 28 ix 2008).Specimen from Appin as Sphaeria citrina, coll.Carmichael in Herb.Greville.In Stevenson for Argyll on leaves, Appin, probably referring to Carmichael collection.As Hypocrea lactea Tay (nr.Kindrogan, on wood, autumn 1968).Recorded from Mull on gymnosperm wood.Considered a synonm of T.viride and recorded as such for Forth (Dalkeith, 3 vii 2011; Braids of Hermitage, no further data), Tay (Boarshill, Fife, 22 iii 1975; Kindrogan, on Elaphomyces, 18 viii 1967) & Solway (Glen Cairn Dumfries, 1 x 2000).Also know from Shetland & Orkney - 2 collections.As T.album in soil Mull.

T.delicatula Jak.In Stevenson as Hypocrea on fir Dee.

T.hamatum (Bon.) Bainier Forth (Musselnurgh, on Phellinus ferruginosus, 6 iv 2003; Sprott Wd., on Ulex, 3 vi 2007).On rotten wood Arran.

T.harzianum Rifai on rabbit droppings Shetland & on rotten wood Orkney.

T.koningii Oud.Forth (Dunbar, on Heracleum stems, 5 vi 2006).In soil, Mull.

T.polyspermum (Link) Hughes Tweed (Hanginshaw, Yeholm, on Ceriporus (as Polyporus) squamosus, 20 ix 2003).

T.pulvinata (Fuckel) Jak.et al.Very common on old basidiomes of Piptoporus betulinus.Tay (Kinnoul Hill, 7 ix 1996; Crieff, 9 viii 1978; Strathardle, 28 viii 1976; nr.Dunkeld, 9 ix 1953) & Forth (Balerno, vi 1973).Known from Skye, Rhum, Mull 3 collections incl.Ulva.Also, old collections from Moray (Dunphail, 8 x 1879 & Darnaway, 2 collections, 18 ix 1879).This is far more common and widely distributed than specimens indicate.H.citrina forma fungicola noted in Stevenson for Dunphail & Darnaway in App.3 belongs here.Drumnadrochit as Hypocrea fungicola BMS & CS 1908; Inver Dunkeld as Hypocrea, 14 vii 1911; on P.betulinus Aviemore CS 1927.

T.rufa Pers.All collections as Hypocrea under which name it is better known.Known from Mull on wood & on fallen Acer pseudoplatanus branch; from Arran.Shtland as T.viride on Larix & Orkney & with anamorphic stage (see below) also Orkney.In Stevenson recorded on Quercus & Betula branches Tweed, Forth, Tay & Moray.Usually recorded as the anamorphic stage Trichoderma viride Pers.This stage it is known from Barra, Skye, Rhum & Colonsay.It is recorded on a range of tree species incl.Acer, Alnus, Betula, Fagus, Fraxinus, Larix (Shetland), Pinus.Quercus, Salix (Orkney), Sorbus & Ulex (Orkney) and from soil, woody debris (ship’s timbers, Shetland) & plant litter incl.rabbit droppings (Shetland).Recorded for Argyll App.4 in Stevenson, Several localities around Girvan CS 1905 - Clyde.Hypocrea rufa Drumnadrochit on rotten wood & as T.viride Drumnadrochit BMS & CS 1908.As T.lignorum on dead wood and bark Eglinton & Blair CS 1921.Old collections from Moray (Altyre.10 xi 1879 & 17 ix 1879; Darnaway, 8 x 1979; Banks of Findhorn, 27 ix 1876).As Pyredium lignatilis = Trichoderma Appin, Carmichael.As T.lignorum Inverary Argyll CS 1907.As T.lignorum Rozelle CS 1926.On old wood Kinnoul Hill, CS 1906 as T.viride also St Andrews & Kemback CS 1930 & Megginch CS 1933.As T.ligniorum on dead wood Tignabriach CS 1913 & Crieff CS 1910; all sites CS 1912 Forres.Known from Orkney.

Anamorphic genera 

Cladobotryum

C.mycophilum (Oudeman.) Gams & Hoozemans on Pleurotus & Lactarius collections from Orkney.

C.verticillatum Tay (Blair Atholl as Verticillium, on dead Inocybe, 25 ix 1956) & Forth (Balrno, on Lactarius 2 vi 1952).As Monosporium agaricinum on Russula chamiteae, Orkney.Two collections N.Hoy Okney both on Lactarius one of which is on L.rufus.

Mycogone

M.permiciosa Magn.‘Snow Mould’ of Agaricus bisporus; notede by Foister, 1961.

M.rosea Link on rotting leaves, Mull.

Sepedonium

S.ampulliosporum Damon Argyll (on Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca Kinloch Laggan 8 x 2011).

S.chalcitpori Helfer Tweed (Dawyck, on Chalciporus piperatus, 1 viii 2010).

S.chrysospermum (Bull.) Link see Hypomyces above.

S.mucorinum Harz on Brassica swede seed, Dennis prob.East Craigs.

S.roseum Fr.In Stevenson on decaying agarics Moray, Clyde & Argyll.

Sphaerostilbella

S.aureonitens (Tul.) Samuals et al Clyde (Fiddlers Glen, as Gliocladium penicilloides s.Dennis, on old Stereum, 1991).

S.berkeleyana (Plowr.& Cke.) Dingley Forth (New Hailes, on old Cerioporus (as Polyporus) squamosus, 3 iii 2004).

Ophiocordycepitaceae

Ophiocordyceps

O.entomorrhiza (Dicks.) Sung In Stevenson as Torrubia on Vespio in moss Moray.On beetle Skye as Hirsutella eleutheratorum.

O.forquigonii (Quel.) Sung Tay (Blairgowrie, on dipterous corpse, vii 1949), Forth (Bangour Res., Livingston, 2 vii 2009, 2 coll.) & Maybole no further data – Clyde.Also known from Quinish, Mull.

O.gracilis (Grev.) Sung Known on lepidopterous caterpillars.Argyll (Meall nan Gabhar, Ben Lui, 23 vi 2002), Tay (Balquihiddar, 25 v 1973), Solway (Glen Tyrrol, 24 v 1986), Forth (as Spicaria dubia Lothians, on Abraxus grossulariata (Magpie Moth) burrows, ii 1955) & Argyll (Ben Shieldig as Cordyceps on buried caterpillar amongst bracken, 5 vi 1947).Also, Colonsay (15 v 1985), Arran, (13 iv 2001) & Skye (Tote, 2 v 1988), Lewis & Mull.In Stevenson recorded as Torrubia on ground in moist place.Shetland ex.Trevalyan, Loch Yar as Xylaria gracilis Grev.Are these the same collection?

O.spherocepahla (Klotszch ex Berk.) Sung et al.Forth (Roslin 13 vii 1988).

O.verrucosa (Mains) Shrestha et al.Clyde (Jock’s Gill Lanarkshire as Hymenostilbe, on carcass of dipterous insect? 20 vii 1991).On spider in dung as Hymenostilbe 18 ix 1985, Whalsay, Shetland.

Tolypocladium

T.cf.geodes Forth (Spott Wd., East Lothian, on Armillaria gallica rhizomorphs, no date?)

T.microsporum (Jaap) Bisset Tweed (Dawyck as Sesquicillium, on Ishnoderma benzoium, 10 vii 1997).As Sesquicillium on Dasyscyphus on Lonicera, Arran.

Nectriaceae

Calonectria

C.pyrochroa (Desm.) Sacc.on rotting Salix aurita leaves, Colonsay.

Cosmospora

C.viridescens (Booth) Graf.& Seifert Tweed (Dawyck, on wood pile, 11 iii 2009), Tay (Blackberry Hill, Perth, iv 1858 as Nectria sanguinea and as N.peziza det C.Booth 1958.In moss with Physarum leucophaeum, Orkney.

Cylindrium

Anamorphis genus

C.aeruginosum Clyde (Inchcalloch as Fusidium, on Quercus leaves, 3 xi 2007; Falls of Clyde on Quercus petrea 1986 & 1989).

Dialonectria

D.episphaeria (Tode) Cooke Forth (Yellow Craig, Dirleton, on Chaetosphaerella phaeostroma, 7 v 2000; Dollar Glen, on Diatrype stigma, 17 iv 1981; Saltoun Big Wd., East Lothian, on Eutypella.quaternata, 4 vi 2000; Midhope, West Loth., on D.stigma, 13 iii 1944; Slamannon Gorge, W.Loth., on E.quaternata, 2 v 2010; Davidson’s Mains, Edinb., on Xylaria poymorpha, 2 viii 1964), Argyll (Loch Long, on diatrypaceous pyreno., 1 iii 1964), Tweed (Dawyck, on Lopadostoma turgidum, 17 iv 2004; Haningshaw Wd., Yeholm, on old pyreno., prob.E.quaternata, 20 ix 2003).Known from Mull 2 collections & Shetland on Diatrype stigma.In Stevenson as Nectria episphaeria on Dothidea ribicola Tweed & Tay and as N.sanguinea on Sarathamnus twigs & pyrenos., Tweed, Forth & Moray.Old collection Edgehill, 15 ix 1871 and 2 unlabelled of Keith & Jerdon named as Sphaeria on Diatrype stigma.

Fusicolla Anamorphic genus

F.aquaeductum (Radek.& Rabenh.) Graf.As Fusarium found on Russula pascua, Foula.

Fusidium Anamorphic genus

F.griseum (Ditm.) Bon.Tay (Calvine, on Pinus sylvestris, 27 v 1978), Tweed (Dawyck on fallen Betula leaves, 29 viii 2002, 9 vii 2006 & 26 viii 2009), Argyll (Gruinard Isle, Wester Ross, 28 xii 1978) & Clyde (Inchcailloch, , on Quercus leaves, 6 x 1973.On Eucalyptus leaf Arran.

F.maritimun Suth.On Laminaria stems and Pelvetia, Orkney; see Trans.BMS 5: 47 & New Phytol.41.

Fusarium

Teleomorphic & Anamorphic species: names in italics are species described in early taxts without subsequent characterization.

F.acuminatum Ellis & Everhart as anamorphic stage Fusarium, on Ammophila arenaria Papa Westry, Orkney & on Schoenus nigricans Rhum as anamorph F.scirpi var.acuminatum.

F.aquaeductum (Petersen) Dyko on Russula pascua Foula, Shetland.

F.avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc.As anamorphic stage Fusarium.Isolated from Holcus Shetland & on Deschampsia caespitosa, Orkney.On Narthecium Lewis & on Liriodendron (Tulipa Tiree), on Holcus Sandvoe & Deschampsia caespitosa Egilsay, Orkney.On Holcus Shetland.In Stevenson as Fusarium from old wood Tweed, Forth & Tay.In Foister (1961) recorded on a whole series of hosts and found throughout Scotlamd.He discusses the control by chemical.Anamorphic state of Gibberella.

F.caeruleum Lib.Known from Islay, Kintrye & Shetland causing ‘Dry Rot of potato’ - Solanum tuberosum.According to Foister (1961) found in all growing areas of Scotland.Foister has a synonym F.solanimart, not in Index of Fungi but is an error.Made variety of F.solani by Booth.

F.cicatricatum (Berk,) O’Donell & Geiser Argyll (as Nectria desmazierii on Buxus, Arisaig).

F.culmorum (WG Sm.) Sacc.On Hordeum Shetland & on Ammophila St Kilda, Rhum, Mull & Kintyre and isolated from soil.On seedling Hordeum widespread on Orkney.Generally considered same as F.oxysporum now, although recorded as such by Foister, 1961 for many hosts and several localities.It is noted on Dianthus carylophyllus causing ‘Wilt’ as f.dianthi.Known on Avena cultivars Shapinsay & Eday & on Hordeum Birsay, Orkney.

F.equiseti Desm.Forth Edin.Field Nats.7 188

F.equisetorum (Lib.) Desm on dead Equisetum limosum nr.Rothesay & Stevenston – Clyde.

F.funicolum Carmichael on wood Appin Herb.Greville.

F.graminacearum Schwab.As Gibberella zeae Tiree & on Cirsium palustre Mull as anamorph stage Fusarium graminacearum.Isolated fom Air spora on Shetland.As G.zeae Forth (East Craigs, on Dutch Avena sativa seed 24 viii 1967 3 collections), Solway (Dundrennan, Kirkcurbrightshire on A.sativa, viii 1943).As G.saubietii Clyde (Auchincruive, on A.sativa, 1942; Ayrshire, on A.sativa, xii 1942; Wilson collection from Ayshire, no date), Tay (Craill Path.Lab.on Triticium, 1938:).A collection labelled for Sanquhar as G.zeae, 18 iii 1880.As G.zeae it is rare on Avena and only recorded in 1944 for North East & North 1956; Barlaei 1844; South west relatively rare on the host 1939 in Fife & 1952 from Rosshire causing ‘Ear Blight & Scab’ on Triticum.Foister 1961 anamorph & teleomorph found.

F.lateritium Nees as Gibberella baccata.As anamorphic stage Fusarium on Ribes uva-crispa Shetland.On Iris foetidiossima Tiree and Eunyomous Rhum.As Gibbera saubinetii on Ilex aquifolia twigs for Forres in Stevenson App.3.In Foister (1961) noted on Malus sylvestris is sporadic in several areas either as a ‘Bud & fruit Rot’ or even canker-rot.On Ribes uva-crispa Unst & East Burra, Shetland.Anamorphic stage of Gibberella baccata.

F.oxysporum Schitdl.Known from Tiree, Coll, Mull, Islay on Narcissus bulbs & Shetland on Laburnum.Causing tip-death in Salix, Orkney.In Foister, 1961 recorded as F.bulbigenum with var.lyciopersici forming ‘Basal Rot in Narcissus’.And as F.conglutinans var.callistephi on Callistephanus chinense (China Aster) causing ‘Wilt’, and F.dianthi on Dianthus caryophllus causing ‘Wilt’.Many forms are recorded by Foister (1961) mainly dependent on the host on which they grow; he lists many hosts from several localities.).On Laburnum Yell, Shetland.

F.pelargonii Cke.Forming ‘Stem Rot’ in Pelargonium spp.fide Foister, 1961.

F.poae (Peck) Wollenb.Isolated from soil Mull.giving ‘Pink stained’ grain.Recorded causing ‘Rot’ on Dianthus caryophyllus and on Dactylis glomerata & Avena as F.trincinctum forma - see below.

F.rhabdophorum Berk.& Br.In Stevenson introduced with description for collection growing on Valsa on sticks Moray.

F.roseum Link Forth (Dunbar, on Sambucus, 7 v 1993).Rhum with Pinus & Prunus laurocerasus accompanied by anamorph F.sambucinumn.As Gibberella pulicaris Moray (Loch an Eilean, on conifer debris, 9 ix 1957), As Nectria Forres on Sarathamnus, Keith coll.- also collection with no data 7 v 1878 & Monachie 22 iii 1880; Greeshope, on Brassica stems, 25 ix 1874 & 27 vii 1875).In Stevenson as Gibbera on decaying Sarathamnus Tay & Moray.As Gibberula pilicularis Drumnadrochit BMS & CS 1908.Known as anamorphic stage, Fusarium sambucinum, on Sarathamnus, Orkney & Skye; as f.cerealis causing ‘Fusarium wilt and Die-back’, which is commoner than first thought.

F.sporotrichoides Sherb.On Iris pseudoacorus Mull and widespread causing var.roseipes of Hygrocybe virginea in Shetland & S.Walls & Mainland, Orkney.

F.translucens Berk & Br.In Stevenson introduced with description for collection growing on wood (deal) Tay Wollenweber considers this a Hymenula.

F.tricinctum (Corda) Snyder & Hanesen causing ‘Bud Rot’ in Dianthus caryophyllus and on Dactylis glomerata & Avena causing ‘Pink stained grain’.

There are many unidentified Fusarium collections in E.

Ilyonectria Anamorphic genus

I.destructans (Zim.) Rosman et al.As Cylindrocarpon destructans anamorphic stage.Moray (Fochabers, in nursery, on Acer saplings, 25 v 1995), Solway (Logan Bot.Gdn., Fern House, on Dicksoniafern, vi 1975), Tweed (Dawyck, on fallen Betula leaves in litter bags, 7 vii 2001), Forth (RBGdn., Palm Hse., on Sadleria) & Tay (Glen Doick, on Rhododendron causing wilt, 23 iv 1972).From soil assoiated with Tulipa, Tiree.

Macronia

M.sphaeriae (Fuckel) Graf.& Schroers.Tay (Inver, Dunkeld, on Urtica dioica, ix 1975).As Nectria leptosphaeriae on Leptosphaeria acuta, Arran.

Nectria

N.cinnabarina (Tode) Fr.A very common widespread fungus throughout Scotland, most often seen in its asexual stage Tubercularia, called Pea-Stick fungus; can be partially parasitic.on dead twigs, branches, logs and standing wood but often only as anone, Anamorphic stage Tubercularia vulgaris (Coral Spot); occasionally a weak parasite.Known on Acer, Aesculus, Alnus, Araucaria, Berberis, Corylus, Cytiscus (Sarathamnus), Laburnum, Magnolia, Picea, Pittosporum, Prunus, Ribes, Rubus, Sorbus, Tilia & Ulmus.Tay (Kindrogan, on Prunus padus, 24 viii 1977, asexual; Raith ,on Araucaria imbricarta, xi 1921 asexual ; on Taxus baccata, x 1934; Lyon Bridge, Fortingall, on twigs, 29 ix 1961 sexual stage; Trottick Hse, Dundee, on Salix, 1 ix 1968 both stages), Forth (New Hailes, on branches, asexual stage 4 ii 2008; Foxhall, on Sorbus hoopensis, vi 1972 asexual stage; Cortorphine, Edinb., on twigs 1 x 1965 both stages; Edinb., RBGdn., on Laburnum arch, on Cytisus x Laburnum, asexual stage forming columnar sytructures, 18 x 1974; Hermitage of Braids, Edinb., x 1878 - 2 collections one sexual the other asexual; Penicuik, on T.baccata, 1936; Newington, Edinb., on ornamental Pyrus, x 1941; Edinb.house garden on Daphne maezerum, 28 vii 1981 all asexsual; Cammo Pk., Edinb.on Acer pseudoplatanus, 27 x 1978 both stages), Ross (Loch Carron, on dead Betula, 1 iv 1961 asexual), Tweed (Glen Tress, Peebles, on Fagus sylvatica, xii 1938 asexual; Dawyck, on bracts of A.imbricata, xi 1943); Dee (Craibstone, Aberdeen, on Malus domesticus, 24 viii 1941 asexual only); Clyde (New Lanark, on A.pseudoplatanus, 21 v 2010 sexual; Corehouse,on twigs, 12 x 1974, both stages) & Solway (Thornhill, on dead bush, ix 1924).Foister (1961) lists twelve oossible hosts but only Ribes rubrum can suffer severely from ‘Canker’.Type of Nectria fusopurpurea a synonym of N.cinnabarina fide Booth.Recorded from Harris, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay, Arran on Acer pseudoplatanus, Gigha on Ulmus & Kintyre.Also recorded for Shetland & Orkney; Orkney incl.Binscarth on fallen twigs collectections representing both stages & Shetland on A.pseudoplatanus sexual incl Tresta, Fetlar asexual stage & Voxter on A.pseudoplatanus, both stages.In Stevenson recorded on rotten wood for all Watersheds except Sutherland & Solway; also, as N.ochracea found on rotten wood Argyll.recorded for Solway in Stevenson App.8.Clyde 6 different sites with several for a site, as anamorphic stage Hawkhead & Dalquarren - Clyde CS 1905, 1976-1991, usually as anamorph and incl.CS 1948; Inverary CS 1907; on Sarathamnus CS 1947; Kilkerran CS 1926; Rozelle CS 1926, Montgrenan & Egliton Castle CS 1928; Dunkeld CS 1925 as Tubercularia on Tilia europea, Drumore CS 1929 as Nectria & Tubercularia Aberfoyle & Drunmore CS 1929; River Spey & Aviemore CS 1927, St Andrews & Kemback as Tubercularia CS 1930, Derris & Fyvie no dead twigs CS 1931; Kilmun on Laburnum, CS 1932.Drumnadrochit as Tubercularia & Nectria BMS & CS 1908, Thornhill CS 1924, Rossie Priory as Nectria CS 1933, as Nectria CS 1911; Moffat as Tubercularia CS 1911, Kingarth on Hedera helix as Nectria CS 1913, Rothesay CS 1913, Crieff as anamorph & teleomorph CS 1910, Eglinton teleomorph CS 1921.All sites around West Kilbride CS 1921, Thornhill, CS 1948; Methven Castle CS 1920; Altyre & Glenferness as Tuberclaria vulgaris CS 1921.Old collection of sexual stage by Jerdon probably from Jeburgh area as Sphaeria.As Cucurbitaria decolorans (as Sphaeria decolorans & S.fragiforme) sexual stage examined by C.Booth.Keith coll.as Nectria cinnabarina but no field data.Greville coll.of sexual satege.Menzies coll as Cucurbitaria cinnabarina, no further data.As Cucurbitaria decolorans on Ribes sauguineum, dead branches, common No 9 no further data, except common’; 2nd coll of Menzies as C.coccinea both stages present.As Cucurbitaria coccinea Hermitage of Braid 1822 plus coll.with no data (under Nectria coccinea in E folder).Collections as Tubercularia vulgaris in E.Forth (Orchard Rd., Edinb., on Polygonum balshianicum, 10 iii 1971 & 10 xii 1973; Edinb., RBGdn., on Cystus x Laburnum, x 1940; Inverleith,? on Eleagnus pungens var.aurea, 10 ix 1974; RBGdn., on Carrya albus, 6 iv 1976; Blinkbonny Edinb., v 1985).Miscellaneous collections under a variety if epithets: Braids of Hermitage, xi 1821; Edinburgh, ex Sadler xi 1887 as Tubercularia confluens & T.granulata; Herb Cooke, Edinb.Bot.Gdn., ix 1875; Edinb., as T.granulata, 1825; Invergowrie iv 1895.On Aesculus hippocastaneus, coll.Jerdon & as T.nigricans, 2 collections from Jerdon, undoubtedly Borders.As T.minor nr.Edinb., Greville coll.1824.As Sphaeria tremelloides (Tremella purpurea) Brodie collection.As Clavaria coccinea, on dead currant trees, Bot Gdn.Also, Carmichael coll prob.from Appin and sent to Greville.Tremella purpurea in Menzies coll.and as Sphaera tremelloides, no further information.As Tubercularia vulgaris, Edinb.no further data.Stevenson records - Tubercularia granulata Pers.on old wood, Tweed, Forth & Tay & T.nigricans Link on dead branches, Tweed.(N.coppinsorum Kond.et al.in ed.Solway (Kintrye on Leptogium burgesii, 19 iii 1998).Also, known from Mull on same host).

N.epigea in litt.Cooke in Stevenson with descrption, on the ground Forth.

N.flavovirens Otth.Forth (Corstorphine, on fallen Quercus leaves, 20 xi 1943; Bilston nr.Edinb., on Quercus & Fagus leaves, 23 xi 1919), Tweed ((Duns, on Lasiosphaeria 1 iv 2007.On moss covered limb, Orkney.Also, old collections for Forth (Hermitage of Braids, Greville 1821, Duddingston, xi 1822 & Ravelston ix 1822 all as Fusidium).4 sites near Gorvan, on decaying Quercus & Fagus leaves, CS 1905; Eglinton on fallen Fagus leaves of CS 1921; Cluny Hill CS 1912.On moss-covered limb of decioduous tree Orkney.

N.flavoviridis Fuckel) Wollen.Forth (Blackhall, on old pyreno on Laburnum., 5 vi 2005), & Tweed (Duns, on Lasiosphaeria, 1 iv 2007).

N.funicola Berk.& Br.Tay (Stormont Loch, Blairgowrie, on dead Ulex, 11 v 1969).

N.inventa Pethybridge Dee (Laurencekirk, on Kretzchmaria, no date).As anamorphic stage, Acrostalagnus cinnabarinus: Forth (East Craigs, in greenhouse on Myzus persicae, 6 ix 1965 & on Brassica (swede) seed, Agric.Lab., 5 ii 1941; Orchard Brae, Edinb., on Bambusa canes in store, 27 iv 1967; Blinkbonny Edinb., on Dahlia tubers 3 vi 1986 & I vi 2019 ; Edinb.RBGdn., as Verticillium (Acrostalagnus) on Achemines corms in greenhouse iv 1992j).Also known from Tiree on Brassica & Rhum isolated from soil.

N.lugdunensis Webster Argyll (Feachan Bheag as anamorphic stage Heliscus lugdunensis, on submerged wood, 2 collections, 17 i 2016.Anamorph in river foam Mull, Shetland & N.Walls ^ Mainland both, Orkney.

N.magnusiana Rehm Forth (Doune Ponds, Stirling as Dendrodochium, on Diatrypella, 7 iv 2010).Known on Diatrypella favacea Mull.

N.muscivora Berk & Br.Forth (Edinb., RBGdn., in seed pan, in greenhouse, iii 1951 & 17 vii 1953).Known from Arran.

N.pallidula Cke.Forth (Edinb., RBGdn., around potted plant of Impatiens sp., wth Gliocladium, vii 1982).N.peziza (Tode) Fr.Solway (Wigton, on Fagus, 4 xi 1990), Forth (Corstorphine, Hill as Dialonectria, on rotten log, 15 vii 1943; Edin.City, on Ulmus, 20 i 1974) & Argyll (Dunstafanage, Castle, on old stump, 2 viii 1980).Known from Orkney & on rotten Creiopus (as Polyporus) squamosus and old Ulmus Skye.Recorded in Stevenson on decaying stumps for Tweed & Forth, and as Nectria aurea (Sphaeria aurea Grev.) with description on semi-putrid C.(as P.squamosus): see notes about M.J.Cooke distinquishing it from authentic material.Old collection as Sphaeria on rotten stump by Jerdon undoubtedly from Borders.Culzean CS 1928.

N.umbrina Fr.Old collection by Keith on Urtica dioica, no further data.In Stevenson (= Sphaeria umbrina) on Urtica stems Moray probably refers to this record.

Neonectria

All entries as Nectria.

N.betulae Brayford & Samuels Argyll (Cowall penn., Argyll Forest Park, N end of Loch Goil, on Betula bark, 12 iv 1992 IMI 352566) in MycolRes.N.coccinea (Pers.) Rossman & Samuels Argyll (Loch Fyne, on Ilex aquifolia, 18 xi 1977), Tweed (Melrose on Populus, xi 1928), Clyde (Chatelherault, 1976 & Falls of Clyde, , on Fagus1986), Forth (Polton, Midlothian, 2 iii 1941; Inverleith Park, on Ulmus montana as Nectria det.Ehrlich; Edinb.RBGdn., 2 collections of Cooke det.by C.Booth - Dec.1958; Cammo Pk, Edinb., on Acer pseudoplatanus, 27 x 1978 & on Fagus, 7 iv 2002; Edinb., on Tilia tomentosa, 21 x 1967).Known from Orkney & from Skye & Mull incl.Ulva on Fagus & Rhum on Acer, Shetland on wood-pile.In Stevenson on dead twigs for all Watersheds except Ross, Argyll, Sutherland & Solway.Keith collection as Nectria with no futher data.Collection labelled Sphaeria mori with no data and one labelled Sphaeria mori Brodie 1830.As Sphaeria peziza Greville re-ident.C.Booth 1958.clyde (Dalquharran, on Fagus bark CS 1905; Alloway & Kikerran CS 1926 & EglintonCastle CS 1928 on dead trunks of Fagus Fyvie Catle CS 1931.Arran on Sambucus nigra Sometimes associated with anamorphic stage Cylindrocarpon candidum.Foister, 1961 lists Populus canescens, Larix europea, Betula & Fagus sylvatica as hosts and causing ‘Bark Disease.

N.ditissima (Tul.& Tul.) Samuels & Rossman Solway (Castle Douglas, on Fagus, 21 v 1886) & Forth (Binniing Wd., on Fagus saplings, 1 iii 2003).

N.fuckeliana (Booth) Castl.& Rossman Tay (Callander, on Picea, 25 ii 1992; Black Craig, Bridge of Cally , on Picea, 6 x 1975; Kindrogan, on Picea Forestry Comm., 1990), Tweed (Glentress, on Picea sitchensis, xi 1934 & 1933 confirmed Elrich & as N.cucurbitula by C.Booth.; Glentress, on Picea, 10 ii 1921 & ix 1927 identifed as N.cucurbitula by C.Booth ).Known from Skye & Mull on various coniferous hosts & Kintyre on Picea.Old collections by Keith from Manachie on Sarathamnus, 30 I 1880 & on fir as Sphaeria curcubitula 21 iii 1879.Anamorphic state Cylindrocarpon cylindroides.

N.galligena Bres.Forth (Drylaw, Edinb., on Malus domesticus (James Grieve), 10 ix 1979; Vogrie Co.Pk., on Aesculus, 6 vii 2003; Edinb., on M.domesticus, 17 v 1979 & 4 xii 1990) & Argyll (Argyll, on M.domesticus, 4 vii 1993), Tweed (Peebles, Lyne, 25 ii 1975).Dunkeld, on Pyrus communis CS 1947, on Fraxinus, Kilmun CS 1932.Recorded for Mull on Betula, Fagus & Quercus.Also, for Colonsay as N.galligena and, Harris on Sorbus aucuparia, on Alnus & Malus Skye, on Malus & Pyrus communis, Mull & Ulva on Fraxinus.Often accompanied by anamorphic stage Cylindrocarpon heteronema.Cause of ‘Canker’ in Pyrus communis, Malus sylvestris, Ilex aquifolium, Fraxinus excelsior & Fagus sylvatica fide Foister as Dialonectria (1961).

N.hederae (Booth) Castl.& Rossman Known on Hedera helix, Skye.

N.punicea (Schmdt) Castl.& Rossman Argyll (as Nectria punicea var.ilicis on Ilex, Knoydart) & Clyde (Cleghorrn Glen, as var.ilicis, on living branches of Ilex 1984).

N.trachosa Samuels & Brayford Argyll (Cowall Penn., Argyll Forest Park, along River Cur, on conifer bark, 12 April 1992, IMI 352560) in Mycol.Research.

Nalanthamala

Anamorphic genus

N.vermoesenii (Biourge) Scheurs.Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., as Gliocladium, on Phoenix dactylifera, 23 iii 1982).

Neocosmospora

Anamorphic genus

N.solani (Mart.) Lombard & Crous as Fusarium solani.Known from Mull & Rhum on Ammophila arenaria and isolated from soil.A collection in part agreeing with this taxon which is known from animal skins collected on skin of Globicephala (Pilot whale).Not cultured.As Nectria haematococca Forth (Edinb.RBGdn., on Brownea ariza ii 1975; on Hoya coriensis, ii 1975; on Begonia 7 xii 1975 & on Columnea sulphurea, 11 xii 1975).Listed by Foistsr (1961) for several hosts causing ‘Basal Rot’ with several forma based on host preferences.Causes ‘Foot Rot’ of Pisum sativum & Vicia faba as? f.phaeseoli = var.martii.Also recorded as F.solani var.solanimart involved with ‘Dry Rot’ of Solanum tuberosum (potates) but not in Index of Fungi; sphal.see Fusarium caeruleum & Hypomyces asclepidis above).

Pseudonectria

P.buxi (DC.) Seifert et al.Tay (on dead leaves Raith) & Forth as Verticillium buxi on dead leaves of Buxus).On Buxus sempervirens Rhum & Mull as P.rouselliana with anamorphic stage Volutella buxi.In Stevenson as Nectria for Forth, Tay & Moray.Moray (Altyre as Nectria rouseliana var.viridis on Buxus sempervirens, vii 1881, Keith coll.probably refers to Stevenson’s entry.Also, as Chaetodochium buxi but no name and further data.As Clonostachys buxi Rhum.Only as Volutella stage on Buxus causing ‘Leaf & Twig Blight’ Foister, 1961

Stylonectria

S.purtonii (Grev.) Grafen.Forth (Ormiston, on Acer pseudoplatanus with Diatrype stigma & Rosellinia aquila, 9 iii 2009).Known from Mull.Type as Sphaeria purtonii Grev.from Rosslyn Wood 1820 - 2 collections.In Stevenson as Nectria on fir esp.Picea (as Pinus) abies – Forth.Known from Argyll on Betula fide Dennis.

S.wigeliana (Rehm) Grafen et al.Tay (Shiehallien, on Pseudovalsa lanciformis, 2 vii 2008).

Thelonectria

T.mammoidea (Phill.& Plowr.) Saldago & Sanchez Forth (Blackhall, Edinb., on fallen trunk, 5 vi 2005; River Devon, on Quercus, bark, 1 xii 1974).Recorded as Nectria from Colonsay with anamorphic stage Cylindrocarpon ianothale var.majus and noted for Eastern Scotland.Old collection on Ribes sanguineum Greeshope, iii 1880 referrd to in Stevenson with description in App.3.Isotype is from North Wotton, England in E.

T.rubi (Osterw.) Saldago & Chav, Clyde (Loch Lomond on Rubus fructicosus agg., 6 x 1973) & Forth (Prob.East Craigs, identified as causing R.ideaeus - no further data).In Eastern Scotland as var.rubi Weese fide Dennis.Forms ‘Crown Rot.of R.idaeus and found in 3 centres in Scotland North, W.East & West as N.mammoidea var rubi.

T.pinea (Dingley) Saldago & Chav.Tay (Glan Dochart, on Pinus sylvestris, 17 vi 2006) & Tweed (Glentress Peebles, on cut conifer stump, 5 x 1974).As Nectria recorded from Mull on various coniferus hosts with a Cylindocarpon anamorphic stage.

Volutella

Anamorphic genus

V.arundinis Desm.on Luzula sylvatica Mull.

V.ciliata (A.& S.) Fr.Known on Picea needles N.Hoy, Orkney & on herbaceous debris Mull & Colonsay.In Stevenson on Solanum tuberosum Moray.Known from Unst & Mainland, Shetland & Orkney.

V.longipila A.L.Smith & Ramsb.Clyde described from Ardrossan, on Ulex europeaus, ii 1913.TBMS 6: 53.

V.setosa (Grev.) Berk.Appin Carmichael, as Aegerita Greville Herb.In Stevenson on wood & herbaceous materials Forth, Tay, Moray & Argyll.

Xenonectriella

X.laptulae (Steiner) Rossman & Lowen xxxxx on Physicia stellaris, on Fraxinus, 17 i 2017.

X.lutescens (Arnold) Weese Ross (W.Ross, Reraig, on Peltigera collina, 20 ii 1997), Moray (Lossiemouth, on Peltigera, 21 I 2015) & Tay (Ballanliug Is.as Nectriella on Peltigera lactucifolia, 7 vi 1988).

X.streimanii (Kondr.) Rossman Ross (Ardnamurcan, on Stictis sylvatica, 3 v 2009; Inverpolly, 7 vi 1995) & Solway (Knapdale, 26 ix 2013).Also known from Eigg.

Hypocreales uncertain anamorphic genera

Acremonium

A.camptosporum Gams on Laminaria stipes, Skara Brae, Orkney 15 vii 1997.

A.psammosporum Gams a collection on Trametes versicolor from Binscarth, Orkney comes very close. A.strictum Gams on living Larix & Diaporthe arctii Shapinsay & Mainland, Orkney.

Calcarisporium

C.arbuscula Preuss Moray (Culbin, on Bankera fuligineoalbum, 18 ix 2003), Dee (Mar Lodge, on Fagus bark, 8 iii 2012), Forth (Yellow Craigs, East Lothian, on Rosellinia aquila on fallen branch, 7 v 2000; Vogrie Park on R.aquila, 6 vii 2003) & Clyde (New Lanark.on Fagus mast, 16 v 2010).

Hymenula

H.cerealis Ellis & Everh.In Foister (1961) as Cephalosporium graminacearum.It causes ‘Stripe’ of Avena sativa (Oats) & found in North East.Found in the North East, on Hordeum (Barley) in 1955 & on Triticium (Wheat) - the first UK record in North East and at East Craigs Edinb.

Illosporipsis

I.christiansenii (Brady & Hawks.) Hawks.Forth (Pathhead, Preston Hall as Hobsonia on Physcia tenella, 29 ix 2001; Garleton Hills by fort, on P.tenella, 10 ix 1995; as Illosporiopsis West Linton, on P.tenella, on Ulmus, 121 xii 2007; Carlops, 11 xii 2007; Tyninghame, 24 xii 2007) & Moray (Forres on Malus, 23 i 2012).

Illosporium

I.coccineum Fr.A collection close to this taxon made on Mull on Parmelia exasperata.roseum Rob.Known from Colonsay on Umbilicaria polythiza.In Stevenson recorded on lichens for Tweed, Tay, Forth & Moray & as Illosporium carneum on Peltigera (as Peltidea) canina for Tay.

I.roseum Mart.As I.corallinum Moray (Nairn, on Peltigera didioactyla, 21 x 2000), Tay (Kinross, on P.membranacea, 3 iv 1983.Found on Shetand at Whiteness Head on P.hymenua, 5 vi 2005.On Parmelia saxatile, Aberfoyle & Gartmore CS 1929, Durris CS 1931, Moffat CS 1911, Killoughtree CS 1909.Collection of Arnott labelled ‘rosellum; probably spelling mistake, on wood Pal.Bennv.indiscpherable.

Geosmithia

G.lavendula (Raper Fennel) Pitt Forth (Temp.Palm Hse, RBGdn.Edinb., as Penicillium on palm 

Phaeostilbella

P.atrum (Sacc.) Seifert as Myrothecium on Elymus Kintyre.

Pseudomicrodochium

P.aciculare Sutton on Laurus leaves Arran & on Eleagnus macophylla Gigha.

Sarocladium

S.strictum (Gams) Sammerb.Forth (Ravelston Edinb., on Megalocystidium luridum, 2 v 2004; Beescraig near Livingston, on Inonotus radiatus, 4 vii 2010) & Tweed (Dawyck, on Botrytis sclerotia on Rhododendron flowers, 20 viii 2000).Orkney on resupinate poroid on living Larix, ex Eggeling & on Diaporthe at base of Heracleum, Lea Taing 24 ix 1994).

Stilbella

S.byssoidea (Prs.) Seifert Forth (Loch Leven, as S.orbicularis, on Lindbladia tubulosa, 2 x 1987).

S.fimetaria (Pers.) Lundau Forth (Dunbar, on rabbit droppings, 4 ix 1994i; Aberlady, on Dog dung, 7 x 1967; Cammo Park, on rabbit droppings, 26 ix 1981; Kirkcaldy, on rabbit, summer 1978).Known in Shetland on Cow, Sheep dung as S.erythrocephala.Moray CS 1912.As Stilbella erythrocephala 2 collections on dung, Orkney Drumnadrochit CS & BMS1908, As Stilbum erythrocephalum Forth (Hopetoun & Humbie Wd., on rabbit droppings; see Glas.Nats.).

S.pellucidum (Schrad.) Lindau Forth (Corstorphine Wd., on rotten wood, 6 iv 1944).on Sheep & Rabbit droppings and on animal faeces in tree, Shetland; on rabbit droppings Orkney.As 

Trichothecium

T.cf.crotocinginum (Schol.-Schwarz.) Summerb.et al.Gams Tay (Dawyck, on fallen Acer pseudoplatanus, 18 x 2009).

T.roseum (Pers.) Link Forth (Edinb., on cut flowers, viii 1981; Dalkeith, on bark 1 ii 2005; RBGdn., Edinb., in wet packing material, v 1977; Royal Scottish Museum, Chambers St., Edinb., on Herring Gull eggs; East Craigs?, on dead Pisum sativum (Pea) seeds , ii 1942; Colinton, vii 1919; RBGdn., on Acer grieum leaves, 3 x 1967 also in cultures, 3 viii 1960; about Edinb.Greville coll.no further data) & Dee (Aberdeenshire, on leaves of Rhododendron ferrugineum, no further data).Also, known from Orkney on Laminaria stems & Sheep droppings N.Ronaldsay, Shetland on Xylaria pedunculata fruiting bodies.On dead wood Johnstone Castle CS 1905.Noted by Foister 1961 as cuasing ‘Pink Mould’ on Malus sylvestris.

Niessliaceae

Melanopsamma

M.pomiformis (Pers.) Sacc.Moray (Tulloch, Strathspey, on Juniperus communis, 8 v 2003).Known on Acer pseudoplatanus, Rhum 

Monocillium

Anamorph geneus

M.tenue Gams Tweed (Galashiels as Acremonium tenuis on Avena sativa, 8 v 1956).

Niessleria

N.cladoniicola Hawks.& Gams.Moray (Easterness, Whiteness, on Cladonia ciliata var.tenuis, 5 xi 2005).

N.exilis (A & S.) Winter Moray (Abernethy, on Juniperus communis, 30 vi 1980).As N.pusilla on Pinus, Rhum & fallen needles of Juniperus, Geometra.

N.exosporoides (Desm.) Winter on Luzula, Mull.On Carex pendula Keith collection, 6 iv 1878.In Stevenson as Venturia chaetomium on leaves of Carex pendula Moray probably referring t this collection.

N.ilicifolia (Cke.) Winter Clyde.See Glasgow Nat.7: 6.

N.lobariae Etayo & Died.Ross (Loch Carron, on Lobaria pulmonaria, 2 i 1999) & Moray (SE.Beauly, on L.pulmonaria, 22 ii 1997).

N.ilicifolia (Cooke) Winter in Stevenson as Venturia on Ilex aquifolium leaves, Moray.Clyde: see Glasgow Nat.7: 6 as Venturia.

N.peltigericola (Hawksworth) Etayo Solway (Eskdale, as Raciborikiomyces on Peltigera brittanica, 13 iii 2011)

Stachybotryaceae

Anamorphic families of uncertain Hypoceales

Memoniella

M.dichroa (Grove) Lomard & Crous on Heracleum & on Angelica stems, Orkney.

Myrothecium pp.

M.atroviride (Berk.& Br.) Tulloch on Elymus Benbecula & on Ammophila Oronsay.

M.carmichaelii Grev.Argyll (Appin Syntype, Carmichael ex Greville Herb.).On bark, Mull.

M.inundatum Tode Argyll (Appin, Carmichael ex Herb Grev.)

Paramyrothecium

P.roridum (Tode) Lombard & Crous all as Myrothecium.Clyde (Stenhouse, Lanark, on Lycopersicum esculentum (tomato), vii 1953) & Forth (Corstorphine, on Viola sp., 22 vi 1943).Also known on Juncus Muckle Roe & Mainland, both Shetland on Ammophila.As Myrothecium on Equsetum N.Hoy, Orkney & causing ‘Stem & Root Rot’ of Viola spp.; ‘Crown & Root Rot’ in Lupinus sp.& ‘Foot Rot’ in Lycopersicum esculentum, Foister, 1961.

Stachybotrys

S atrus (Ehrhb.) Hughes Forth (Orchard Rd., Edinb.on paper at base of flower-pot, 18 v 1984; Blinkbonny Edinb., on wall-paper, 3 v 2005; East Craigs, on dead stem of Arctium?, 10 vi 1943; Leith, on filter paper, ii 1942).Also, on Rabbit droppings Shetland & on Urtica dioica N.Hoy, Orkney.

S.echinata (Rivolata) G.Sm.Forth (Edinb., RBGdn., as Memoniella on filter paper, 18 ii 1961).

S.socia Sacc.on Phormium tenax as anamorph, Gigha.Said to be stage of Melanopama pomifomis.

Tilachlidiaceae

Tilachlidium

T.brachiatum (Batsch) Petch Solway (Glen Trool, on Pleurotus cornucopiae, 24 v 1986), Sutherland (Bettyhill, on old fungus, 23 ix 1984) & Ross (Morven, on old Cortinarius?, 29 viii 1986).Also 3 collections from Orkney one on rotten agaric on Ulmus.

T.subulatum A.L.Sm.Drumnadrochit CS & BMS 1908.Then new to Britain.

Uncertain position 

Melanosporales 

Ceratostomataceae

Ceratostoma

C.piliferum (Fr.) Fuckel in Stevenson recorded on dead Pinus for Tay, Moray & Argyll.

C.spurium Sacc.Forth (East of Scotland as Sphaeronaema, on Prunus institia (Damson) i 1939)

Lentomita

L.stylophora (Berk.& Br.) Sacc.in Stevenson recorded on dead Acer platanoides as Ceratostoma for Tweed 

Melanospora

M.caprina (Fr.) Sacc.in Stevenson amongst rubbish in decayed stumps Tay & Moray & as M.vervecina with description on Sarathamnus stems Moray.Two old collections as M.vericina one on decayed leaves Granton viii 1881 which Stevenson probably refers & Clunyhill, on rotten stump, xi 1878, Keith collections Mull on rotting Betula wood.

M.chionea (Fr.) Corda Dee (Glen Derry, Braemar, on Pinus sylvestris 12 ix 979; S.Aberdeen, Ballater, 8 v 1977; Glen Tanar, 29 vi 1977).Also, Grantown, on Pinus, iv 1878.in Stevenson on fir leaves in damp places with description, Moray.Recorded from Dunkeld, on Pinus needles,19 iv 1914 coll.J.Menzies – not Menzies Free Church collections.

M.fimbriata (Rost.) Petch on damp paper Skye.

M.lagenaria (Pers.) Fuckel Clyde (Falls of Clyde, on Piptoporus (as Polyporus betulinus,16 v 2010), Tay (on P., Loch Craiglush, Dunkeld on P.betulinus, 9 x 1956), Tweed (Stobo nr.Dawyck, 21 v 1967) & Forth (Alva Co.Pk., on Bjerkandera adusta, 8 x 1989).Clyde Descsribed from Eglinton on Trametes (Polystictus) versicolor, viii 1917.

Microthecium

M.breivistris (Fuckel) Martin et al.Tweed (Eddleston, on rabbit droppings, 31 viii 2005).Shetland on rabbit droppings & Orkney on Brown Hare as Melanospora.Forth (Balerno as Melanospora zamiae on wheat straw in potato plot, 4 iii 1956: redet.Cannon, 17 xii 1981).

M.fusispora (Petch) Marin et al.Forth (Dunbar, on rabbit droppings, 27 iv 2003).

Sphaerodes

S.fimicola (Hansen) Cannon & Hawks.Dee (Craigleckie, on red deer dung, 5 v 1999) & Tweed (Broughton, nr.Peebles, on rabbit droppings, 7 vii 1996).Also known from Birsay & Mainland, Orkney & Mull

Microascales 

Ceratocystidaceae

Ceratocystis

C.paradoxa (Dade) Moreau Forth (Blinkbonny Edinb as Chalaropsis thielaviodes, on Cucumis melo (Honeydew melon), 20 vi 2007.

Berkeleyelomyces

B.basicola (Berk.) Nel.& de Beer Forth (Edinb., Blinkbonny, as Thielaviopsis basicola on carrot, 3 vii 1995 & I viii 1995).Also, on Hieracium Mull.In Foister (1961) causing ‘Black Root Rot’ of Primula spp., Pisum sativum, Phaseolus cocineus, Nemesia, Lycopersidium esculentum, Lathyrus odoratus, Fragaria spp., Dahlia and Cyclamen persicum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Calceolaria officinalis, Beta vulgaris & Anthirinum majalis; irregularly recorded often secondary infection in Pisum indicaing faulty soil conditions.

Halosphaeriaceae

Clavatospora

Anamorphic genus

C.longibraciata (Ingold) Nilsson in foam sample Shetland.

Corollospora

Anamorphic genus

C.cristata (Kohm.) Kohm.Forth (Crombie Pint on drift-wood, 15 x 1978).

C.maritima Weder.Known from sea-foam Orkney.

Halosphaeria

H.appendiculata Linder Forth (Dalgety Bay, on drift-wood, 28 ii 1982).

Heliscella

Anamorphic genus

H.stellata (Ingold & Cox) Marnov.In foam sample Shetland as Clavatospora.

Nereiospora

Anamorphic genus

N.comata (Kohl.) Jones & Johnston on drift wood Shetland.As Corollospora known from sea foam, Orkney.

Trailia

Anamorphic genus

T.ascophylii Sutherland on Ascophyllum nodosum autumn 1914, Orkney.

Microascaceae

Allescheria

A.boydii Shear isolated from soil Mull.

A.terrestris (Apinis) Malloch & Cain isolated from soil Mull Chaetomiaceae

Chalara

Anamorphic genus

C.affinis Sacc.& Berl.On Pinus needles, Hedera helix & Laurus nobilis leaves Arran & on Laurus Gigha.

C.aurea (Corda) Hughes on needles of conifer Arran.

C.crassipes (Preuss.) Sacc.on Pinus cone and conifer needles, Arran.

C.cylindrosperma (Corda) Hughes on Pinus Rhum & Populus tremula leaves Skye.Dennis spells the epithet incorrectly as ‘cylindrosporium’.

C.fusidioides (Corda) Rab.On Laurus nobilis and other stems Gigha & Arran.As C.fungorum on Fagus cupules Skye.

C.hughseii Rar.& Kendrick on Laurus nobilis Arran.

C.insginis (Sacc.et al.) Hughes on Eucalyptus coccifera Arran.

C.pteridine Gams & Hol.-Jech.On Pterdium aquilinum Arran.

Cephalotrichum

Anamorphic genus

C.microsorum (Sacc.) Kirk on herbaceus stems, Arran & as Stysanus recorded for Mull.

C.moniliodes (A.& S.) Corda A collection close to this taxon from Forth (East Craigs on rotting wheat straw, 8 iv 1940).

Graphium

Anamorphic genus

G.penicillioides Corda Forth (Covenanters Wd., Edinb., 2 iv 2006).

Microascus

M.brevicaulis Bain., Orkney.

Parscendosporium

Anamorphic genus

P.putrednis (Corda) Locknow & de Hoog on Pholiota squarrosa, Orkney.

Scopinella

Anamorphic genus

S.solani (Zukal) Malloch Moray (Rothiemurchus, as Scopinella caulinicola, on Betula, 23 v 1976) & Argyll (Taynuilt Glen Nant, on attached Salix, 3 viii 1980).

Scopulariopsis

Anamorphic genus

S.brevicaulis (Sacc.) Bainier on Pholiota squarrosa and collection on Solanum tuberosum haulms Orkney.

S.brumptii Sal.-Duaval.Forth (Edinburgh, on foetus of cow, Agric.College.no further data).

S.fimicola (Cost.& Maub.) Arn & Bartl.‘White Plaster Mould’ in Agaricus campestris in cultivation Foister, 1961.

Sphaeronaemella

S.fimicola Marchal Tay (Tentsmuir, on rabbit droppings, 5 vii 1996; Callender, on sheep droppings, 25 I 1966) Dee (Forvie Sands, Aberdeen, on dung, 3 xi 2001) & Forth (Linlithgow, on fox droppings, Carriber Glen, 28 vii 1966.Known on rabbit & sheep dung, Orkney, St Kilda, Harris, N.Uist Mull & Yell, Unst and Mainland, Shetland as Viennotidia fimicola 

Stilbum

S.piliforme Pers.Clyde (Kilmun as Graphium, on burnt stump CS 1932; but see Chionospheriaceae: Basidiomycotina).

Stysanus

Anamorphic genus

S.stemonitis (Pers.) Nees on rotten bark Killin CS 1906 – Tay.

Laboulbeniales

Laboulbeniaceae

Asaphomyces

A.tubanticus (Middelh.& Boelens) Scheloske Fife.On Carrion Beetle Catops, A.Shuttlleworth photo.of specimen only.

Compsomyces

C.lestevi Thaxter Paisley, Witlake, on Lestevi sicula TBMS 9: 1923.

Euhaplomyces

E.ancyrophori Thaxter On Dumfriesshire Recorded in TBMS 11 Parts 1 & 2 1923.

Laboulbenia

L.nebriae Peyritsch on Nebria rufecens, Shetland recorded by Hulden.

L.vulgaris Peyritsch on Bombidion tibiale & B.tetracolum (beetle), Orkney.Also, on Trechus obtusus Shetland recorded by Hulden.

Monoicomyces

M.brittanicus Thaxter Clyde (Paisley, on Homalota insecta) see TBMS 9: 1923

Pyritschiella

P.protea Thaxter on Anotylus rugosus, Shetland recorded by Hulden.

Rhachomyces

R.stiptatus Thaxter on Carabineae beetle, North Queensferry,.20 xii 2019.A.Shuttleworth.No specimens; photograph

Pyxidiophraceae

Pyxidiophora

P.brunneocapitata Hawks.& Webster Forth (Pentlands as Mycorhynchus, on sheep droppings, 30 v 1969 Holotype).

P.grovei (Hawks.& Webster) Lundq.On horse dung Egilsay, Orkney.

P.microspora (Hawks.& Webster) Lundq Forth (Larbet, as Mycorhynchus Callander, on sheep, 25 I 1966; Selmuir, on roe dung, 4 v 1998), Tay (Glenshee, on sheep dung, 4 ix 1997) & Dee(Linn of Dee, on red deer dung, 2 collections, 4 ix 1997).

P petchii (Breton & Faurel) Lundq.Forth (Pentlands, on red grouse droppings.26 xii 1996).

Mycocaliciomycetidae

Mycocaliciales

Mycocaliciaceae

Asterophoma sp.Dee (Ballochbuie Forest, on Chaenotheca brunneola, 21 iv 1984).

Stenocybe

S.bryophila (Mont.) Heim.Records as S.nitida Argyll (iGlen Nant, on Plagiochila, on Betula, 25 iv 2004 & on P.punctata, 28 v 1976.;Inverary, on hepatics, on Alnus, 21 iii 1996), Ross (Inverpolly, on hepatics, on Betula, 8 vi 1999; West Ross, Talladale Gorge, on Plagiochila, on Betula,29 iv 2013; Morven, 12 ix 2006), Solway (Kintyre, on Plagiochila, on Alnus, 19 iii 1998; Knapdale, on hepatics, on Betula, 21 ix 1997).Also known from Mull

S.pullata (Ach.) Stein Tay (Den of Arlie, on Acer, 24 xi 1967; Kirriemuir, v 1944), Moray (Glen Affric, on Alnus 26 v 1976), Tay (Craigiedowie, Ayrshire, on Alnus, ii 1959) & Dee (nr.Banchory, on Alnus, iv 1968).And as Phaeocalcium knwn from Stornaway, Outer Hebrides, 6 v 1974; dupl.in K.

S.septata (Leight.) Massal Forth (Tyinghome, on Ilex, 21 xii 1996), Solway (Kintyre, on Sorbus aucuparia, 1 vii 1976), Clyde (Loch Lomond, on Sorbus, 5 ix 1980) & Tay (N.Esk nr.Edzell, xii 1951 & on Ilex, iii 1965.

Saccaharomycetidae

Saccharomycetales

Dipodascaceae

Dipodascus

D.geotrichum (Butler & Petersen) v.Arx as Geotrichum candidum on pony dung Mousa, Shetland.As Oospora lactis forming flux on Aesculus hippocastaneus fide Foister, 1961

Saccharomycetaceae

Mrakia

M.aquatica (Jones & Sloog) Zhan et al.in sea foam Orkney.

Xylariomycetidae

Amphisphaeriales

Amphisphaeriaceae

Amphisphaerella

A.dispersella (Nyl.) Erikss.Moray (Aviemore, 11 viii 2001; Kinguissie, 23 vi 2001; Boat of Garten, Kinchurdy Wd., 23 vi 2001; Strathspey, on Populus tremula trunk, 8 v 2003; Findhorn, Dulchie Bridge 19 vi 2003), Tay (near Killiin on Populus trunk, 7 ii 1993, Solway (Knapdale, Taynish,on Acer pseudoplatanus trunk, 25 iv 2001) & Sutherland (Ledmore Wd., Dornoch, 30 v 2001).

A.xylostei (Pers.) Munk Old record Foxhall nr.Edinb., as Cryptosphaeria semiimersum = Sphaeria, 1822, Greville coll.– Forth.Also, In Stevenson as Sphaeria on Lonicera caprifolia probably based on Keith coll., 23 v 1874 – Moray.

Amphisphaeria

A.bufonia (Berk.& Br.) Ces.& de Not.Two old collections one from Keith recorded on Quercus sticks as Massaria probably that noted in Stevenson for Moray & on Quercus by Jerdon, undoubtedly from the Borders – Tweed.As Poikiloderma in E.

A.ventosaria (Pers.) de Not.In Stevenson as Psilospheria on Lecanora ventosa Dee.

Ceriospora

C.polygonacearum (Petr.) Piroz.& Morgan-Jones Tweed (Dawyck, Swiss Bridge, on dead stems of Polygonum cuspidatum, 10 v 1980); also, as anamorphic state Chaeoconis polygoni on dead P.sachaliensis, Skye & Mull.

Chitonospora

C.ammophilae Boumm., Rouss.& Sacc.on Ammophila Shetland, Coll & Rhum.

Dyrithrium

D.lividum (Pers.) Barr Argyll (Oban as Thyridium, on Fagus, 2 viii 1982).Old collections from Darnaway on Ilex, 24 iv 1878 & Kinrara on Salix aurita 14 viii 1875.Also.on decorticated Fagus Skye.

Microdochium

M.bolleyi (Sprague) de Hoog on several cereal types and similar fungus on Hyacinthus scapes.Shetland.

M.nivale (Fr.) Samuels & Hatteh Tay (Errol, on Hordeum vulgare, vii 1955; Perthshire, on Triticum, xi 1954; Angus as Calonectria nivalis, on Avena, vii 1952 & vi & vii 1952), Tweed (Wooler vii 1954 & Forth (East Craigs as Griphosphaeria on Hordeum, 38 viii 1965; East Craigs as Calonectria, on Avena sativa, 17 vii 1952 & ix 1953).On turf grasses Coll, on Glyceria fluitans, Phragmites & Poa chaixzii, on Avena & Hordeum Orkney, Kintyre & Shetland with or without anamorphic state, Fusarium nivale = Monographella.Also known from Orkney & Shetland.As Calonectria & as Griphosphearia causing on Agrostis tenuis, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Poa trivialis & turf species causing ‘Snow Mould’, on Avena sativa & A.strigosa, Triticium aestivm & T.turgidumcausing ‘Brown Foot Rot’ and ‘Pre-emergence Blight’, on Hordeum distichum & H.vulgare causing ‘Leaf Spotting’ & in Lolium perenne & Secale cereale causing ‘Foot Rot’, as Fusarium nivale condifial state of Calonectria nivalis.Foister (1961) gives distribution of the fungus usually seen as the Fusarium stage from rare to widespread and causing damage depending on site and year.Recorded for Fetlar, Shetland, s Microdochium Birsay, Rousay & Mainland, Orkney & as Monographella.

M.panattonianum (Berl.) Sutton et al.Forth (North Berwick as Marssonina, on cultivated Lactuca sativa, 22 v 1943).Foister (1961) records it causing ‘Ring Spot’ in Lactuca sativa and as common in Lothians 1928 -37 but decreaed since possibly due to intrioduction of new varieties.

Monochaetia

Anamorphic genus

M.cryptomerae Wilson & Roberts.Tay (Raith, on Cryptomeria japonica, xi 1921 Syntype).

Batalaniaceae

Truncatella

T.angustata (Pers.) Hughes Tay (Stach an Lochain, in ptarmigan dung, 18 vi 2006).

T.hartigii (Tuef.) Steyaert Forth (RBGdn, Edinb, on seedlng Picea sitchensis, 25 viii 1973).Causing ‘Root Disease’ in Abies procera & Larix leptolepis fide Foister, 1961

Clypeosphaeriaceae

Clypeosphaeria

 C.mamillana (Fr.) Lambotte.Forth (Dunbar, on Rubus fructicosus & on Chamanerion angustifolium, 26 v 2010.Moray (Keith 17 v 1876 & Sanquhar 4 vi 1876 & Darnaway 8 x 1888; on Cornus sanquinea as Sphaeria clypeata no further data & Altyre, no host given plus unlabelled collection from Keith?: on Rubus as Sphaeria, 15 iv 1880, Greville coll.In Stevenson as Sphaeria clypeata recorded on Rubus fructicosus agg., Cornus sanguinea etc.for all Watersheds except Dee, Ross, Sutherland, Argyll & Solway.As C.notarisii Fuckel on Chamanerion angustifolium Arran & Rubus fruticosus agg.Gigha.As C.notarisii in Dennis and recorded on Rubus fructicosus agg.for Aros & Carsaig, Mull, Rhum & Gigha 

Pseudovalsaria

P.ferruginea (Nits.) Rappaz.Tay (Enonochdu, Kindrogan, on Pinus, iv 2002).Also, on Betula Colonsay as Valsiella nisselii.

Discosiaceae 

Discosia

Anamorphic Genus 

D.strobilina Lib.On Laurus nobilis Gigha.

D.vagans de Not.On Rhododendron ponticum Arran.

Pestalotiopsidaceae

Anamorphic family

Pestalotiopsis

P.funerea (Desm.) Steyaert Tay (Murthly as Pestalozia, on Thuja plicata, x 1922 plus coll with no data) & Forth (Aniston, on Xanthicyparis (as Cupressus) nootkatensis, 20 ii 1955).Clyde on dead leaves of Phormium tenax Hunterston, ix 1909).‘Leaf spot’ on Thuja pllcata & associated with ‘Leaf Spot and death of Cupressus macrocrpa fide Foister, 1961.

P.guepinii (Desm.) Steyaert Forth (Newington, Edinb., on Kalmia, 22 viii 1980; Stirlingshire, leaf of Camellia Roseneath Campsie Glen, no date; RBGdn, Edinb., on Rhododendron basilicum, 10 viii 1989 & on R.brookeanum cuttings imported fron Florida, USA, 5 ix 1983) & Tay (Murthly, on Thija plicata, xii 1922 & one unlocalised coll.by Wilson).On Camellia sp.causing ‘Leaf Spot’ fide Foister, 1961.

P.juniperi Allesch.Moray (Abernethy as Seiridium on Juniperus communis, 30 iv 1980).

P.podocarpi Dennis Clyde (Bot.Gdn., 1933 see J., Phytopathology 24: 1028, 1934 – Syntype).

P.rhododendri (D.Sacc.) Guba Solway (Castle Kennedy, on Rhododendron, 25 iv 1973) & Forth (RBGdn, Edinb., on Rhododendrom formosum, 5 viii 1953).Causing ‘Leaf Spot & Defoliation’ fide Foister, 1961

Xylariales

CainiaceaeSeynesia

S.pulchella Bommer et al.Moray (Beauly, on Sarathamnus (as Cytisus) scoparius, v 1923).

Diatrypaceae

Anthostoma

A.decipiens (DC.) Nits.Forth (Colinton Dell, Edinb., on Carpinus betulus, 4 ii 2001).

A.melanotes (Berk.& Br.) Sacc.As Sphaeria Dunphall, undoubtedly Keith but no date; other Keith colls.with no dates or one collection labelled only 1877 probably that recorded as Xylosphaera in Stevenson on stick from Moray.

A.plowrightii (Niessl.) Sacc.Tweed (Lochranza, on Ulex europeus, v 1920).Also, on Sarathamnus scoparius, ex Jerdon with 2nd coll no data; undoubtedly from Borders.

A.turgidum (Pers.) Nits.Tweed (Dawyck on Fagus branches, 4 vi 2003 2 collections).Also, Johnstone Castle CS 1905; Rothesay CS 1913.Often as Lopadostoma.Greville coll Edinburgh redet.Quarternaria quaternata fide B.Coppins.

Cryptosphaeria

C.euonomia (Fr.) Fuckel Forth (Corstorphine Hill, Edinb., 6 ii 2011); recorded from Mull & Rhum on dead branches of Fraxinus.Recorded in Stevenson as Sphaeria millepunctata on Fraxinus twigs for Tweed, Forth & Moray.

Diatrype

D.bullata (Hoffm.) Fr.Tweed (Gordon Moss, on Salix, 23 iv 2015), Forth (Doune Ponds, Stirling, 4 iv 2010 - 2 collections) & Clyde (Loch Lomond on Salix, 16 x 1980; U.Nethan, on dead twigs, 1991).Noted on Salix aurita stems for Skye, Coll & Mull.Old collection from Jerdon, probably Borders but see below.Recorded on Salix for Tweed by Stevenson possibly based on collection by Jerdon.

D.disciformis (Hoffm.) Fr.Common on Fagus sylvatica.Tweed (Dawyck, 18 ix 2010), Forth (Saltoun Big Wd., 4 vi 2000; Corstorphine Hill, 27 ix 1939; Midhope, Midlothian, 30 iii 1941; Braid Hills, as Dothidea melanocarpa, x 1878), Argyll (Invermeriston, 22 vi 1979).Old collection from Jerdon as Sphaeria.Also, Pitfour v 1865 as Stromatosphaeria disciformis.Edinb., Cooke 218 with drawing of ascospores; Sphaeria disciformis ‘common’ surely Klotzsch! Recorded on Fagus branches Lewis, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Ulva, Arran, Muck & Colonsay.In Stevenson on Fagus and recorded for Tweed, Forth, Tay, Dee & Moray.Recorded for Argyll in Stevenson App.4.& Solway in App.8.Clyde (Blantyre, Chatelherault, Cleghorn & Fiddlers Glen on falled twigs).Also several localities listed for CS 1905 Clyde; Inverary Argyll CS 1907; Culzean & Rozelle CS 1926, Muir of Thorn CS 1925; Trossachs CS 1929 & on Fagus & Acer pseudoplatanus Rothiemurchus CS 1927; Derris CS 1931; Megginch CS 1933; Moffat CS 1911; Kirroughtrie CS 1909; Eglinton CS 1921 & Methven Castle CS 1920.

D.stigma (Hoffm.) Fr.Common on cast branches of a wide range of hosts especially Crateagus.Ross (Strome, on Betula, 25 x 1962), Tay (Black Wd.of Rannoch, on Betula, 17 iii 1976), Forth (Selmuir.15 x 1977; Balerno on Fraxinus, 27 I 1974; Aberlady, on Acer pseudoplatanus, 10 iii 1974; Cammo Pk., Edinb, 7 iv 2002; Between Midhope and Blackness, beaked for, 8 iii 1944 with drawing), Tay (Strathardle, on Betula, 28 viii 1976).Old collections as Stromatosphaeria decorticans on Corylus and on Fagus but no further data; Greville 2 collections as Stromatosphaeria but no data.Klotzsch as Sphaeria stigma on branches Pinmore? Known from Mull (2 collections), Shetland, Orkney (2 collections) & Arran.Known on Crateagus for Skye, Rhum & Mull, on Cotoneaster, Rhum & on Fagus, Ulva.Also, known from Shapinsay & N.Ronaldsay, Orkney.Found on sticks, especially of Crateagus in Stevenson, with records for all Watersheds except Sutherland, Dee, Argyll & Ross.Also, as D.undulata recorded for Tweed & Forth in Stevenson.Known with anamorphic stage Libertella betulina on unidentified woods, Shetland on Crateagus (Tresta) & Sorbus aucuparia (Kergord).Clyde (Chatelherault, on Crateagus monogyna, 1985).on dead branches of Crateagus Inverary CS 1907, CS 1946; Culzean CS 1926; on Betula Rothiemurchus CS 1927; Peebles CS 1946; Drumnadrochit on Betula, BMS & CS 1908; Blair CS 1921; Eglinton CS 1921.As Cytosporina ribis susidary to Botrytis in ‘Die back’ of Ribes rubrum (Red currant) fide Foister, 1961.

Diatrypella

D.favacea (Fr.) Sacc.Very common; generally recorded on Betula poles and branches but there is some discussion as those collections on other hosts represent different taxa.Forth (Dalgety Bay on young Betula plant, 28 ii 1982; Ravelston Edinb., on Betula, 17 x 1977; Doune, 4 iv 2010; Kirkliston, 28 v 1951), Clyde (Loch Lomond, on Alnus, 13 x 1975 and Betula Inchlonaig, 13 x 1975), Tay (Den of Airlie, 15 iv 1981) & Tweed (Dawyck as D.verruciformis on Fagus, 7 x 2002).Clyde (on dead branches of Alnus glutinosa, Chatelherault, 1985).Also, Jerdon on Betula along with ‘Helotium pruinosa’: See Ramsbottom 1963).Recorded for Mull, Arran on Corylus, Orkney incl.Shapinsay & N.Hoy, Skye & Shetland on Betula, sometimes accompanied with anamorphic stage Libertella favacea; as anamorphic state Neamaspora crocea Greville coll., no data.Culzen CS 1926; on Betula Aviemore; on Fagus Rothiemurchus CS 1927, on Betula bark Fyvie Castle CS 1931; on Betula Rothiemurchus BMS 1938.In Stevenson recorded on Betula for Tweed, Tay, Moray & Solway & as Diatrype aspera on dead Quercus Tay; as D.verruciformis on Quercus Tweed, Tay, Dee & Moray.As D.angulata on dead branches of Tilia noted by Greville in Stevenson for Forth.As D.verruciforma var.tocciaeana de Not.With description on Alnus Moray Forres in Stevenson App.6.The following records could refer to Eutypa: D.aspera Solway (Newton Stewart, 28 v 1986), Tay (Black Wd.of Rannoch, 30 iii 1977 & on Quercus Jerdon as D.verrucaeformis.Also, old collection as D.verrucaeformis nr.Edinb.Greville coll.

D.quercina (Pers.) Cooke Forth (Corstorphine Hill, I ii 1940 & v 1941; East Craigs, on Quercus robur; Dalkeith 25 ii 1977; Blackhall, Edinb., 5 vi 2005; Roslin Glen, 5 ii 2009), Tweed (Dawyck, 12 iv 2004, 4 x 2001 & 22 iii 2004).As anamorphic stage Libertella quercina on fallen Quercus, East Craigs, 26 v 1944; on Quercus branches with anamorphic stage Libertella quercina, Mull.CS 1946.In Stevenson recorded on Quercus for Forth, Tay, Dee & Moray.As Sphaeria quercina Greville coll.but no further information.Also, authentic collection of D.rugoannulata as Stromatosphaeria Edibugh, 1824 not type.

Eutypa

E.aspera (Nits.) Fuckel in Stevenson recorded with short description on dead Quercus for Tay.

E.flavovirens (Fr.) Tul.Tweed (Dawyck, on Fagus, 2 x 2010), Dee (Monymusk, Aberdeen, on Fagus, 9 ix 1975), Forth (Mavis Bank, Edinb., 4 iii 2007) & Moray (Rothiemurchus, on Acer pseudoplatanus, 1927.Old collection as Stromatosphaeria No 66 on rotten Prunus spinosa Greville, 1822.2nd collection of Greville with Sowerby’s name Sharria multiceps).Keith coll.but no data, on dead branches and noted by Stevenson for Tweed, Forth, Tay & Moray.

E.hydniodea (Fr.) Hoehn.Rothiemurchus CS 1927.

E.lata (Pers.) Tul.Very common on various woody substrates and under-represented in E.Tweed (Dawyck, on Fagus, 9 vii 2006) & Forth (Betweed nr.Polton & Roslin, 3 viii 1941 on dead Quercus? Recorded from N.Hoy, Orkney, Harris, Rhum, Mull & Iona; as anamorphic stage Cytosporina lata on Salix viminalis Shetland.On dead wood recorded in Stevenson for Tweed, Forth, Tay & Moray.2 collections from Mull.On Salix aurita Keith collection.Drumnadrochit BMS & CS 1908; Clyde (West Kilbride Glas.Nat.).And as Libertella blepharis Forth - Lothians, on Prunus domesticus, iii 1924.Also, for Shetland as teleomorph & Cytosporina lata.

E.leioplaca (Fr,) Tweed (Dawyck 27 vi 2008 & 7 v 2006).Duddingston Loch, ix 1824 Greville - Forth.In Stevenson recorded on dead wood for Tay.

E.maura (Fr.) Sacc.As E.achari in E; very common on fallen branches of Acer pseudoplatanus.Forth (Crossford, ix 1974; Balerno, 15 x 1977).Noted for Arran, Mull, Orkney incl.Rousay, Hoy & Shapinsay, & Shetland incl Tresta all on decorticated wood of A.pseudoplatanus; often under name E.acharii.Old coll.by Keith Sanquhar, on Populus, 5 ii 1887; host is unusual and needs checking.In Stevenson recorded in addition to dead A.pseudoplatanus also on Tilia & Hedera for Tweed, Tay & Moray.I doubt whether the records on the last two substrates are correct and probably refer to E.lata.

E.scabrosa (Bull.) Fuckel Recorded for Mull on logs of Fagus for Skye, Mull incl.Ulva & Rousay, Orkney.

E.spinosa (Pers.) Tul.Tweed (Duns, on Fagus, 1 iv 2007), Tay (Den of Airlie, 2 collections, 15 iv 1981; Crieff Drummond Castle, 9 viii 1978) & Forth (Edinb.city, 20 i 1974; East Lothian, Duglass Glen.on Fagus, 31 v 1942; Cammo Pk., Edinb.3 ix 1998).Keith coll.Darnaway 12 v 1888.Recorded on dead wood by Stevenson for Tay.

E.ulicis (Fr.) Sacc.Recorded on Ulex europaeus for both Mull & Gigha.

Eutypella

E.alnifraga (Wahl.) Sacc.collection on fallen Acer pseudoplaatanus branches agreeing in most characters, Orkney.

E.prunastri (Pers.) Sacc.Tay (Blairgowrie, 11 v 1969), Argyll (Taynuit, 20 iv 1964), Forth (Polton, (Adv.Services), i 1927; Roslin Glen, on Prunus spinosa, 2 vi 2001) & Dee (Aberdeen BGdn., on hedge of P.spinosa, 1 vii 2009).Known from Mull on Prunus spinosa.Old collection fom Jerdon on P.spinosa.In Stevenson as Valsa on dead wood for Tweed, Forth & Tay.

E.quaternata (Pers.) Rappaz All as Quaternaria quaternata on Fagus; common.Tay (Bridge of Earn, Advisory service 10 x 1960), Forth (Kirkcaldy, 2 vii 1979; Gifford, 2 xi 2008; Saltoun Big Wd., East Lothian, 4 vi 2000; Humbie Wds.7 x 1910 as Libertella) & Tay (Glen Fincastle, 1308m., 18 iii 1969).Tweed (Dawyck, 17 iv 2004 & 4 vi 2003).Known from Mull on Fagus.About Edinburgh Greville collection looks like E.quaternata fide Coppins Old collections Foxhall, Edinb., Captain Wauch as Stomatosphaeria.Also, collection from Jerdon undoubtedly from Borders but on label Q.persoonia; Herb Cooke 2nd.Edition Edinburgh.In Stevenson on dead Fagus bark and recorded for Tweed, Forth & Tay as Valsa.As anamorph Libertella faginea Tweed (Dawyck, 27vi 1996; 15 i 2003 & 14 iii 2003) & Forth (University Gardens, 1 viii 1968).Clyde (as Quaternaria on dead wood of Fagus, Chatelherault, 1985).Johnstone Castle, Clyde CS 1905 as Libertella faginea.Lochawe CS 1909 & Glenferness CS 1912.

E.sorbi (Schmidt.) Sacc.Dee (Linn of Dee, 4 ix 1997), Tay (Balgarvie, 4 v 2011) & Tweed (Berwickshire no data 2015).Recorded on Sorbus aucuparia, Lewis.Noted by Foister (1961) as causing a ‘Die-back’ of Sorbus in the conidial state called Cytospora rubescens f.sorbi: but see Valsaria Valsaceae: Diaporthales.

E.stellulata (Fr.) Sacc.Clyde (Falls of Clyde, on Ulmus, 16 v 2010).Known from Orkney.Old collections as Sphaeria but no data.In Stevenson as Valsa on Ulmus branches, Tweed, Tay, Moray & Clyde.

E.velutina (Wrest.& Wallenys.) Sacc Forth (East Craigs, on Quercus, 1941).From Steveneston, 1907.

Libertella Anamorphic genus

L.betulae Pey.Tay (St Andrews, Boarshill, on Betula, 20 xi 1977).Old collection as Sphaeria (Cryptosphaeria), Greville collection.

L.favacea Trav.on Alnus? Orkney.

L.rosae Desm.Greville collection but no data.

L.ulmi-suberosa Oudem.On dead bark of Ulmus nr.West Kilbride.

Peroneutypa

P.corniculata (Ehrh.) Berl.nr.Edinburgh as Stromatosphaeria corniculata, on Ulmus, same as Holotype of Diatrype cornuculata fide E, W.Mason in litt in E.As Diatrype corniculata collected on dead branches by Greville and recorded in Stevenson from Forth.

P.scoparia (Schw.) Cam.& Romero Forth (Milton Bridge as Pernoeutypa heteroacantha, on bark, 7 iii 2004) also as possible? Peroneutypella scoparia on bark Gigha & on bark Islay.

Phaeoisaria

P.clavulata (Grove) Mason & Hughes on Sambucus Kintyre.

Quaternaria

Q.dissepta (Fr.) Tul.Solway (New Galloway on dead Ulmus, 14 iv 1991).Old collection by Jerdon undoubtedly from the Borders as Valsa dissepta (= V.stipitata Currey) on Ulmus.In Stevenson as Valsa on Ulmus Tay & Moray.

Hyponectriaceae Acanthorhychus

A.vaccini Shear Forth (Doune as Physalospora on Vaccinium oxycocci, 9 ix 1980) & Argyll (Argyll, on Arcostaphylos, 30 vi 1993, redet.P.Cannon).

Anisostomella

A.cookeana (Auersw.) Hohn.on fallen Quercus leaves Morven fide Dennis, 1986.

Arwidssonina

A.empetri (Rehm) B.Erikss.Moray (Geal Charn, Monadleith as Sphaeropezia on Empetrum, 5 vi 1983).On Empetrum N.Hoy, Orkney.

Dictyothrichella sp.Anamorohic genus.Tay (Druim Ghlas, Rannoch, on rotten Ulmus, 23 iii 1974; Moness wd., Aberfeldy, on bark of Ulmus, 24iii 1974; on conifer; Black Wd.of Rannoch, on Pinus, 24 iii 1974), Moray (Dores, Shores of Loch Ness 23 iii 1976 ) & Forth (Corstorphine Hill, Edinb., 3 iii 1974),

Exarmidium

E.hemisphaerica (Fr.) Aptroot as Xylopezia and/or Trematosphaeria in E.Sutherland (Golspie as Exarmidium, on fallen Pinus, 26 x 1998; Tain, on Pinus trunk, 15 xi 2013), Argyll (Dundinelell on Pinus, 25 iv 2008), Moray (Findhorn, on fallen Pinus, 21 ix 2008; Abernethy, 30 iv 1980; Culbin, fallen Pinus, 27 viii 1983; also the following as Zignoella mortheri, Rothiemurchus, 23 v 1976, 2 collections, Guisachen Wd, Tomich, 26 v 1975, 2 collectuions; Glen Moriston Forest, 24 v 1975; Glen Affric, 26 v 1976), Tay (Black Wd.of Rannoch, on fallen Pinus, 24 ix 1983, 29 ix 1980 & 30 iii 1997; and as Trematosphaeria aff.Mortieri, 17 iii 1976), Ross (W.Ross, Berisdale, 23 v 1975) & Dee (Ballochbuie, Aberdeen, 21 v 1976, 2 colls.; S.Aberdeen, 21 v 1984).

E.inclusa (Pers.) Aproot Moray (Dornoch Firth, on Pinus, 2 vi 2001; Abernerthy, on Juniperus, 30 iv 1980; Rothiemurchus on Juniperus, 23 v 1976 & 1 v 80; Culbin as Xylopezia, 27 viii 1983), Dee (Crathes Catle, 23 v 1984), Forth (East Linton, on fallen conifer, 10 xi 1990), Tay (Den of Airlie, on Fagus, 15 iv 1981; Calvine Wd., nr Bruar, on Betula 6 ix 1982; Black Wd.Of Rannoch, 29 iv 1980) & Moray (Abernethy, 30 iv 1980 & on Juniperus communis 30 iv 1980; Rothiemourchus, 1 v 1980 & 23 x 1976 on Juniperus).Known from Skye.

Hyponectria 

H.buxi (A.& S.) Sacc.As Trochila on Buxuxs Glamis ix 1933, coll.Henderson but no data.In Stevenson as Trochila on fading leaves of Buxus, Moray & Tay.Also records for Aviemore CS 1927 & CS 1933: Argyll (Arisaig material in K) & more recently Islay.As Guignardia & as Trochila buxi causing ‘Leaf-fall’ in Buxus sempervirens fide Foister, 1961.As Pseudonectria and as Volutella.

Physalospora 

P.alpestris Niessl on Carex serotina, Harris & C.panacea, Skye.

P.arctostaphyl Erikss.Dee (Ben Avon, on Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, 29 vii 1938).

P.empetri Rostrup on Empetrum Papa Westray, Orkney, Rhum & Iona & Fair Is.

P.gregaria Cass.as var.foliorum causing ‘Leaf Scorch’ in Taxus baccata, Foister 1961.

P.scirpi (Gutner) v.Arx as Camptoum curvatum coll.by A.Jerdon undoubtedly from Borders.But no further data.

P.vaccini Shear Forth (Doune, on Vaccinium oxycocci, 9 ix 1980) & Argyll (xxxxxxx as Venturia on Arctostapholos, 30 vi 1953).Shetland - (Fair Is.).

P.vitis-idaea Rehm Argyll (on Vaccinium vitis-ideae, Morven), Dee (Crathie Castle, 23 iii 1984).Also known from Skye & N.Hoy, Orkney on Arctostaphylos uva-ursi.

Hypoxylaceae