Suillus bovinus
(cc) BY-NC Dave GenneyThis files contains Boletales incl. gasteromycetous members
TFTaDMSSoCAR ????A. hygrometricus Barometer Earthstar Suggested but with doubt as occurring in Orkney under the synonym of Lycoperdon stellatum, Watling, 1998. It may well refer to Geastrum coronatum q.v.. Even this is a surprising record for Orkney!
Boletus sp. s.lato attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum Skye, Solway (Knapdale, 13 viii 1975), Forth (Pittencrieffe Pk, Dunfermline, 7 xi 1976). Also on very old specimens teleomorph Apiocrea Tweed (Dawyck, 4 x 1999), Moray (Chapeltown Wd., Forres, 20 ix 187), Tay (Inver, Birnam, 27 ix 1975) and Forth (Cardenden, Dunfermline, 14 viii 1982).
Apiocrea chrysospermum often reduces B. edulis and member sof the xeromoid boletes toi a yellow mass fruiting much later than asexual stage. Known from Tweed (Dawyck, 4 x 1999), Tay (B. subtomentosus grp. ? Blackcraig nr. Bridge of Cally, 17 viii 1973; Inver 27 ix 1975).and Forth (Fife, 14 viii 1982). Discovered by Stevenson Chapelton Wd., Forres 20 ix 1879.
= Edules
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. aestivalis Occurs early in the year. Records from Tweed (Langlea, Galashiels, 19 vii 1987; Abbey St Bathans, Chirnside 12 vi 1995), Dee (Aboyne, Craigievar Castle, 12 vi 1987), Forth (Balerno, with Fagus, 11 viii 1968), Moray (Culbin forest, under Pinus sylvstris, 24 viii 2005; Glenmore Lodge, under Pinus sylvestris, 19 viii 2005) and Tay (Straloch near Kindrogan, with Salix repens, 16 viii 1978 & Kirkmichael under Quercus) and recorded from Skye and Colonsay; recent record from Shetland but not yet known from Orkney.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. betulicola Only recently recognised and known from Clyde (Falls of Clyde and L. Lethan) and Dee (Linn of Dee, 21 viii 1972). A recent split from B. edulis.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. edulis Commonly called the Penny Bun or Cep. Less frequently simply known in Scotland as Boletus and even Edulis. An exceedingly common and rather variable bolete; found in frondose woods, in conifer plantations, in wind breaks and in mixed woodlands often in parklands. Known from Forth (RBGdn,, Edinb. with Betula papyrifera, 2 x 1967; Thruipmuir, Balerno, 11 x 1964 & with Pinus, 18 x 1964; Selmuir, with Fagus, 17 x 1965), Moray (Abernethy, 23 vi 1972; Glenmore, Aviemore, 15 ix 2001; Loch an Eilean under Pinus sylvestris, 17 vi 1976; Curr Wd.; Culbin Forest 19-26 viii 2005), Tay (Davan, Kindrogan with Betula, 2 viii 1970; Ballantium under Betula, 30 viii 1968; Kindrogan, 22 viii 1966, under Betula, 30 viii 1968 & under Picea, 13 ix 1990 & 18 viii 1967; Blackcraig, Bridge of Cally, with Picea, 21 viii 1966 & 29 viii 1976; Glamis, 12 ix 2001; Tentsmuir 10 x 1965 & 9 ix 2001; Straloch Kindrogan with Salix repens, 6 x 1975 & 18 viii 1978), Tweed (Selkirk, 25 viii 1974), Sutherland (Bettyhill with Salix repens, 21 ix 1984) and Clyde (Linn Park, Glasgow, 4 x 1987). Known from Rogafield with Salix repens & Ronas Hill, Shetland with S. herbacea. Recorded from Arran, Lewis , Skye, Mull with Fagus, Quercus and Picea and with Larix, Picea & Pinus on Rhum. Not recorded from Orkney. Strangely not recorded from Solway, Argyle and Ross in Stevenson, although the first added in Add.8. Actively sort after by mushroom pickers and is also collected for sale, some of which is exported. Sort after by members of the Italian communities as a delicacy called ‘Porcini’. Sold in delicatessen throughout the Central Belt, either material collected in Scotland or brought in from abroad, and often mixed with other members of the Edules. Also sold in dried wild mushroom mixes. This species was incorporated into the SNH/SWLT host/distribution study; see Fleming xxxx. A collection from Forth (Bruntsfield Edinburgh deeply cracked resembling B. stellenbosiensis, under Quercus, 24 vii 2005). Old records in E include material from Forth (Penicuik Wd., x 1869) and unlocated material dated Aug./Sept. 1830 probably Klotszch Herb.
Var. fuscoruber known from Dee (Llinn of Dee with Pinus sylvestris, 1 ix 1968.
Var. trisporus first thought to be a form of B. aestivalis was described from Tay (Tentsmuir 10 x 1971 type in E) and also Tay (Blackcraig, Biridge of Cally, 20 viii 1972) and Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., 31 vii 1973). Collection agreeing with f. arcticus from Moray (Airgioda Meall, Cairngorm, with Arctostaphylos uva ursi, 18 viii 2001). A collection labelled B. subaereus from Tay (Blair Atholl 22 viii 1978 by G. Kibby) may belong here.
Commonly attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum the anamorph of Apiocrea chrysosperma e.g. Tweed (Dawyck Bot. Gdn.), Tay (Tentsmuir, x 1971), Skye, Mull & Rhum. The teleomorph is rarely found
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. pinophilus Pine Bolete Less common than B. edulis and although found in plantations generally a feature of the remnants of the Caledonan pinewoods; previously called B. pinicola. Known from Tweed (Dawyck with trees originally from Braemar planted 150 years ago, 30 viii 2000), Tay (Black Wd., Rannoch, 8 x 1964 and Kindroigan 18 viii 1967 environs), Dee (Glen Lui Braemar, 20 vi 1965) and Moray (Plodda Falls, Glen Affric, 29 viii & 1 ix 1957; Pollanbuihde, 3 ix 1957; Lochan Mhor, Aviemore, 14 ix 1957; Loch an Eilean, 18 viii 1973 & 15 ix 2001; Abernethy, 31 viii 1972; Culbin Sands, Curr Wd., Glenmore Forest Pk., 19-26 viii 2005). Equally sort for food as B. edulis, and sold as the latter bolete. Probably included in the variation accepted for B.edulis in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. appendiculatus Oak Bolete Recorded generally from under Quercus. Known from Dee (Dinnett, with Quercus, 26 viii 1962; Monymusk, under Quercus, 12 ix 1972), Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 15 vii 1966; Killiecrankie, 20 viii 1978; Kindrogan 25 viii 1968), Forth (Culross, Fife, with Quercus, 8 ix 1992) and Moray (Loch an Eilean, 18 viii 1973).
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. subappendiculatus Single very recent record from Tay (Kindrogan) suggesting the records for B. appendiculatus above might be this species and should be treated with caution.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. calopus Bitter Beech Bolete Fairly widespread in a variety of plant communities ranging from conifer plantations to Betula woods and Fagus plantings to Salix repens beds. Known from Tweed (Dawyck with Fagus, 18 vii 1990 thru’ 29 ix 2002), Forth (Gifford, East Lothian, 305m., 8 vii 1953),Tay (Kindrogan, 17 viii 1967 & 17 viii 1972; Straloch with Salix repens, 29 viii 1968 & 16 viii 1978; Kirriemuir, no date and from Edzell, under Fagus, 14 ix 1958), Dee (incl.Craigiebuckler; Dinnett under Quercus, 26 & 29 ix 1962; Crathes Castle, 24 viii 1962; The Burn, under Fagus, 14 viii 1964), Moray (Loch an Eilean, 13 ix 1957; Craigellachie, under Betula, 21 viii 2005). Known from Arran, Skye, Colonsay with Salix repens and Mull.In Stevenson noted from Tay, Moray, Clyde & Argylle and a darker capped form called B. olivaceus for Tay (Glamis). B. pachypus is now considered a synonym of B. calopus and in Stevenson it is recorded from Forth, Tay, Dee, Moray and Clyde, with Forth and Dee are added and Solway in Add. 8. It purely differs in its stem-colouring but one cannot help but feel that these records may apply at least in part to B., radicans q.v. a bolete of calcareous soils.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. radicans A recent record from Clyde (Newton Mains, Renfrewshire, under Quercus and Acer, 3 ix 2006).
TFTaDMSSoCASR B. legaliae Under Tilia Forth (Hopetoun House, South Queensferry, 1 x 2006). This could represent the species previously recorded from Scotland as B. satanus.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. luridiformis Scarletina Bolete One of the most common boletes growing in both frondose woodlands and conifer plantations but also occurs along wind-breaks and with individual specimen trees. Known from Tweed (Dawyck, with Fagus, 5 viii 2000 & 22 ix 2002), Forth (Queensferry, 5 x 1968; Uphall under Copper Beech’. 23 viii 1996; Selmuir, with Fagus, 3 viii 1968; Heriot Watt Campus, Riccarton, 4 viii 1990; Gifford, 305m., 10 vii 1953; Corstorphine, Edinb., 29 vi 1982; Keillor Castle, 6 ix 1969), Tay (Glen Esk, Edzell, under Fagus, 14 ix 1958; Glamis, 12 ix 2001; Rannoch, Kindrogan 17 viii 1972; Birks of Aberfeldy), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Dee (Glentanar, 5 ix 1975) and Moray (Lochan Mhor, Aviemore, 14 ix 1957 & 13 vi 1970; Abernethy, Loch an Eilean, Glenmore Forest Pk., Curr Wd., 19-26 viii 2005). Known from only Arran, Lewis and Mull in Scottish islands. Recorded in Stevenson under the more familiar name B. erythropus but strangely only from Tay and Moray. Attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum Tweed (Dawyck, 11 x 2000) and Forth (Penicuik, 25 ix 2000).
Var.. discolor with yellow pileus associated with Picea. Known from Tay (Moulin track to Ben Vrackie, with Betula and conifers 10 viii 1975 & Killiecrankie, 8 ix 1988) and Tweed (Dawyck, with Picea abies, 5 & 30 viii 2000).
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. luridus Lurid Bolete Widespread but not as common as B. luridiformis, although Stevenson surprisingly records it for many more sites. Variable in habitat preferences but recent records are from Salix aurita and from Helianthemum nummularium communities often mixed with Salix repens. Known from Moray (Granton on Spey, under Pseudotsuga, 26 viii 2005), Clyde (Loch Katrine, with Pseudotsuga, 20 x 2005), Tay (Schehallion in heath, vii 2000; Tulloch Hill, Blair Atholl, 11 viii 1992; Tayside unlocated viii 1994; Glen Tilt with Helianthemum, 22 viii 1993), Sutherland (Strathnaver with Dryas octopetala and Salix aurita, 17 vii 1988; also see Savage Field Mycol. 9). Known from Mull and Islay and Skye with Betula and Salices, 11 viii 2000 but not recorded from Shetland nor Orkney. Old collection in Klotszch Herb. in E labelled ‘B.luridus Schaeff. – B. erythropus Pers. Garscube Sept. 1830’. Stevenson notes it from all but Argylle, Ross and Sutherland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. pseudosulphureus Records from Tay (Gannochy, Angus 16 ix 1958; Kindrogan, with Fagus, 25 viii 1968 & 25 viii 1995) and Argyll (Tighnabruaich, 18 ix 1967).
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. queletii Single recent collection from Clyde (Chaterherault, 13 ix 2003).
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. satanus Devil’s Bolete A bolete generally associated with Quercus in southern England. The presence in Scotland is based on a single records from Tay (Glamis) and in west Scotland (no locality & no material). The former site needs to be revisited to confirm this boletes presence in Scotland; see B. legaliae above.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. pulverulentus Inkstain Bolete A rather rare and southern bolete known from under Tilia in Tweed (Dawyck, occurring every year 2 x 2002 thru’ 20 viii 2004 until viii 2006 & under Fagus 7 x 1992), Forth (Dalkeith old wood, under Quercus 26 viii 1970, 26 ix 1992 & 23 x 2004; Auchentinny under Tilia & Quercus ix 2006.), Clyde (Benmore Younger BGdn., nr. Dunoon, 12 ix 1993; Rosshdu Park, 1 ix 1963), Tay (Den of Airlee, 3 ix 1982) and Solway (Caitloch Hse., Glen Cairn, under Tilia,1 x 2000). Penicillium brevicompactum occurred on this bolete Tweed (Dawyck, 4 x 2001) and Sepedonium chrysospermum Tweed (Dawyck, 16 x 2001).
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. badius Bay Bolete. A very common bolete wherever conifers are planted. Known from Tweed (Dawyck), Forth (Bolton Muir Wd., East Lothian, 28 x 1952; Swanston, ‘T’ Wd., Edinb., 10 x 1961; Selmiur, 17 x 1965 thru’ 3 viii 1968; Balerno, 10 x 1964; Harlow Res., Edinb., viii 1972), Tay ( Black Craig, Bridge of Cally, 5 ix 1982; Rannoch, 20 viii 1966), Dee (Braemar, 18 viii 1964), Moray (Dell, Rothiemurchus, 12 ix 1958; Abernethy; Coylum Bridge; Curr Wd.; Glenmore Forest Park;Granton on Spey, 19-26 viii 2005) and Clyde (Falls of Clyde, Cleghorn Glen etc.). Recorded from Arran, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay and Jura. Strangely only recorded from Tweed, Tay, Dee and Moray in Stevenson but is presently much more widespread.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. impolitus Iodine Bolete. Known from Tay (Kindrogan) and (Glamis and Menmuir) in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. lignicola Wood Bolete. A single collection from Dee (Inverey, 20 ix 2002; Macaulay Inst. Grounds, viii 2008, A. Taylor) and the first British record from Clyde (Europ. Mycol. Congress, Benmore, Younger BGdn, near Dunoon, on Pseudotsuga, viii 1963); material in K. Associated with Phaeolus schgweinitzii.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. sphaerocephalus Golden Bolete. A rare fungus of conifer saw-dust heaps. Known as Boletus sulphureus with description from Moray (Loch an Eilean area). It was persistent at this site for a generation from its first sighting by Rev. J. Keith. Stevenson provides a short description.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. piperatus Peppery Bolete A relatively widespread bolete but not everywhere common. Occurs in native pinewood, conifer plantations as well as Betula woods and scrub; also associated with Fagus. Known from Tweed (Dawyck, under Fagus, 10 vii 1997), Forth (RBGdn.,. Edinb., under Betula pumila & B. grayii, 15 ix 1962 & 12 xi 1991), Solway (Glern Cairn, 1 x 2000), Tay (Glen Tilt, Blair Atholl, under Betula, 8 ix 1989; Blair Atholl, under Picea, 8 vii 1990; Moulin nr. Pitlochry, under Picea, 7 vii 1990; Blackcraig, Bridge of Cally, 21 viii 1966, 20 viii 1967 & 6 x 1975; Straloch, Kindrogan, with Salix repens, 6 x 1975; Rannoch, 20 viii 1964; Davan Kidrogan, with Betula, 2 viii 1970; Fortingall, with Fagus, 29 ix 1961), Clyde (Ballantyne, Falls of Clyde etc.), Dee (Braemar, with Betula, 18 viii 1964), Solway (Glen Cairn) and Moray (Aviemore, ix 1938; Tomich, 6 ix 1963; Coylum Bridge, with Pinus sylvestris, 9 ix 1957; New Craig Res., Inverness, with Betula, 6 ix 1960; Plodda Falls, with P. sylvestris, 20 ix 1957; Loch an Eilean, with Betula, 2 ix 1960). Known from Lewis and Mull but nowhere else in Hebridean and Northern islands. Two Klotzsch collectins in E one from ‘near Fort William August 1830’ and the second from ‘Kinnordy Septbr. 1830. The property of Charles Lyell’. Recorded by Stevenson from all Watersheds except Solway and Sutherland.
(Rough Stalks)
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. atrostipitatum With Betula. Known from Moray (Abernethy, 31 viii 1972 & 26 & 28 viii 1989) and Tay (Kindrogan, 24 viii 1968; Dall, Rannoch 19 vi 1972).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. aurantiacum Associated with Populus tremula. Known from collections at Dee (Linn of Dee, 2 ix 1960: Dinnett, 6 ix 1975; Morrone Wd., Braemar, with Populus tremula, 24 ix 1979 thru’ 27 ix 1983), Moray (Abernethy, 12 ix 1981; Insh Marshes, Betula, 23 viii 2005), Ross (Evanston, 21 viii 1992), Tay (Kindrogan, 27 viii 1976), Clyde (Torrinch, Loch Lomond, 6 x 1973) and Forth (Saltoun Wd., East lothian, 13 ix 1980). Records also from Mull (Ulva and Iona), Skye and Orkney. This is presumably L. albostipitatum of some modern authors.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. duriusculumj ? Only doubtful record from Moray (Abernethy, 21 ix 1986).
TFTa?DMSSoCAR L. quercinum Recorded by Orton from under Populus tremula in Moray (Abernethy, 11 & 23 ix 1985) and Tay (Black Wd., 17 ix 1984). Type from Windsor Great Park in E. See Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb. This is now thoiught to be the true Boletus aurantiacus, a name which should take precedence.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. roseotinctum Known from collections in Moray (Badger Falls, Glen Affric, 30 viii 1957 with holotype in E in Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb xxxxxx). Known from Dee (Braemar, 4 ix 1997) and Mull with Betula. Now considered purely a colour form of L. versipelle. Under the name L. percandidum known from Tay (Black Wd., Rannoch, 24 ix 1983 & Rannoch, 4 ix 1963) and Dee (Braemar, 18 viii 1964).
TFTadMSSoCAR L. salicola Known from Sutherland (Bettyhill environs where it occurs regularly with Salix repens in cliff top turf , 10 viii 1970 thru’ 9 & 19 ix 1978; Glaisgeo, Farr Bay 22 ix 1970 – holotype in E in Notes Royal Bot. Gdn., Edinb. xxxx; Skerray, 15 ix 1973) and from Houghharry, Harris, Outer Hebrides, undated. Said to be the same as L. aurantiacum by Daan Bekker; see Persoonia. Attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum in Sutherland (Farr Bay, 22 ix 1970).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. versipelle Orange Birch Roughstalk (Bolete). Common and widespread with Betula either in closed woodland or in small copses. Widespread on Mainland Scotland; known from Tweed (Dawyck), Forth (Balerno, 4 x 1970 –pale form; Kirkliston, 11 ix 2001; South Queensferry, 5 x 1968; Thruipmuir, Edinb., 10 x 1968; Saltoun Wd., East Lothian, 10 x 1992), Tay (Straloch, 18 viii 1978; Dalreaich, nr. Enochdu, 19 viii 1972; Davan, Kindrogan, 7 ix 1984), Moray (Loch an Eilean, Craigellachie, Abernethy, Uath Lochan, Upper Tullochgruie 20 – 25 viii 2005; Badger Falls, Glen Affric, 30 viii 1957), Ross (Beinn Eighe, 3 ix 2000), Sutherland (Strathnaver, Dennis, 1955) and Clyde.(Falls of Clyde). Often recorded as L. testaceoscabrum. With Betula, Skye but no other records from Scottish islands except Berriedale, Hoy and Arran.
Var. flavescens found in Forth (Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb., 30 viii 2000). A rather dull-coloured slightly fibrillose form provisionally called var. glandulosum is known from Tay (Ballantium, 23 viii 1970; Killicrankie, 19 viii 1978). Attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum Tay (Glen Lyon, 16 ix 2006; Pitlochry, 23 viii 1995) and Tweed (Dawyck, x 19997). Surprisingly only recorded in Stevenson from Tay, Clyde and Ross
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. vulpinum Foxy Bolete. Found in other native pinewoods. Known from Moray (Rothiemurchus, 3 ix 1960 - holotype in E in Notes Royal Bot. Gdn., Edinb xxxx) but has been in Moray (Spean Bridge, 20 viii 1970 – Populus present; Boat of Garten, 13 ix 19674), Dee (Inverey, Mar Lodge, 22 viii 1978; Linn of Dee, 24 viii 1970; Braemar, 29 ix 1963) and with Arctostaphylos urva-ursi at Dalwhinnie – Moray, 4 ix 2000. Also in Arctosdtaphylos & Empetrum heath Moray (Coire Garbhlach, 28 viii 2003); Cairngorm, 610m., 21 ix 1965; Coire an Sneachda, 14 viii 1984 & Cairngorm Plateau 24 vii 2005)..
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. areugineum Only known from Dee (Mar Lodge, 4 ix 1997) and single collection with Betula nana Sutherland (slopes of Ben Loyal).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. holopus Ghost Roughstalk In wet boggy areas; Known with Betula from Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 22 x 1978; Straloch, 4 viii 1973), Dee (Powlair, Aberdeenshire, 12 ix 1960; Braemar), Sutherland (Borgie, 20 ix 1972), Moray (Abernethy, under Betula, 25 viii 2005; Craigellachie, under Betula, 21 viii 2005), Clyde (Torinich, Loch Lomond, 6 x 1973; L. Lethan), Forth (Lothians) and Mull and Colonsay. Also with Betula nana Moray (Ben Alder 7 viii 1987) and Sutherland (Ben Hein & Ben Loyal 12 ix 1984). Described by Watling in Trans Brit. Mycol. Soc.xxx. Probably considered simply a pale form of L. scabrum by Stevenson and contemporaries.
A dark capped form known as L. nucatum has been collected in Dee (Morrone Wd., Braemar, 30 viii 20001; Mar Lodge, 4 ix 1997), Tweed (Bowhill, 28 ix 1998) and Forth (Kemback Wd., Fife, 9 viii 2002).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. palustre Known only from Moray (Criagellachie, under Betula, 21 viii 2005).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. roseofracta Blushing Roughstalk Common throughout Scotland and probably previously considered a variant of L. scabrum with reddening flesh. Known from Forth (Doune Pomds, Stirlingshire, 23 ix 2000), Dee (Cambus o’May, 6 ix 1975), Tweed (Glentress, 22 vii 1973), Moray (Glenmore Forest Pk., under Pinus sylvestris, 20 viii 2005; Culbin Sands, 8 ix 1975), Sutherland (Strathnaver, 20 ix 1972), Tay (Loch of the Lowes, 21 viii 1978) and Ross (Loch Maree, 12 ix 1963 - type in E. Described in Notes Royal Bot. Gdn., Edinb.xxxxxx from); also possibly from Clyde (Torrinch., Loch Lomond, 6 x 1973). The recently descirbed L. pulchrum which also has slightly flushing flesh is also widely distributed with Betula; it is considered a synonym. Known from Tweed (Bowhill and Dawyck), Forth (Doune Ponds, Stirlingshire, 23 ix 2000), Tay (Glen Tilt, 18 ix 1993; Tentsmuir, 9 ix 2001) and Ross.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. rigidipes Records from Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 16 ix 1973; Straloch, 16 viii 1973; Dalreiach, Enochdu, 17 viii 1978), Moray (Loch an Eilean, 13 & 17 ix 1985), Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., under Ulmus, undated; Saltoun Wd., East Lothian, 13 ix 1980; Blinkbonny, Blackhall, Edinb., 26 vii 1982; under Betula Bush Exp. Farm. Peniciuk, vii 1978 with trees grown from Finnish seed.), Clyde (Inchlonaig. Loch Lomond, 13 x 1975; L. Lethan) and Dee (Morrone Wd., Braemar, 4 ix 1998); also known from Salen, Mull. Type from Moray (Abernethy, 31 viii 1972 in E); see Orton in Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. Xxxxx. This is considered by some to be purely a form of L. scabrum. This is L. oxydabile as described from Tay (Rannoch, 4 ix 1963 in Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb. xxxxx but is probably quite widespread. Records under L. umbrinoiodes belong here only being over mature material. Known under this name from Tay (Black Wd., Rannoch, 1 ix 1997; Glen Shee, by Clan N Monument, 4 ix 1998) and Dee (Mar Lodge, 4 ix 1997).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. scabrum Brown Birc h Roughstalk. Although common it has been confused with many other species of Leccinum which have been recognised in the last 25 years. Recent records from Tay (Tulloch Hill, Blair Atholl, 11 viii 1992; Dall, Rannoch, 11 x 1967; Black Wd., Rannoch, 4 & 8 x 1967; Kindrogan, 17 viii 1967; Davan, Kindrogan, 22 viii 1966 & 17 viii 1972; Tentsmuir, 10 vi 1976 & 9 ix 2001; Blackcraig, nr. Bridge of Cally, 20 viii 1972; Dalreiach, nr. Enochdu, 17 viii 1978; Glern Lyon, 4 ix 1959), Tweed (Dawyck), Forth (with B. papyrifera, RBGdn., Edinb., 11 ix 1963; Hermitage of Braid, Edinb., xi 1890; Heggie’s Moor, Fife, 1 vii 2001), Clyde (Chatelherault) and Moray ( Culbin Sands, Upper Tullochgruie, Loch an Eilean, Insh Marshes, Craigellachie, Coylum Bridge 19 – 26 viii 2005). Recorded from Berriedale and Quoyness both Hoy, Orkney. Collections where the flesh becomes smokey grey have been separated out in field notes either as L. leucophaeum – material from Tay (Kindrogan, 2 ix 1986; Dalreaich, nr. Enochdu, 6 ix 1984) or L. fuscoalbum known from Tweed (Dawyck, 19 x 1997). L. murinaceum known from Tay (Spittal of Glenshee, 31 viii 1998; Kindrogan, 3 viii 1997) is considered a synonym. A pale capped form with pores staining avellaneous has been provisionally separated under the provisional name L. onychinum. It is known from Tay (Straloch, 18 viii 1970 & 31 viii 1998; Balnaguard, 19 viii 1978; Davan, Kindrogan. 11 ix 1984) and Dee (Morrone Wd., Braemar, 24 ix 1979). Also L. albidum = ? onychinum from near Kindrogan, 18 viii 1963 – Tay. L. olivaceosum another synonym, where the pileus takes on green hues, is known from Forth (Doune Ponds, 23 viii 2000). All these colour forms occur with the two native species of Betula.
Var. melanea is a black-capped form known from Forth (Selmuir, 7 x 1967; Balerno, 4 x 1970), Solway (Knapdale, 12 viii 1975) and Tay (Struan, Bruar, 6 ix 1982)
In wide sense known from Sutherland (Tongue Dennis, 1955), Ross (Applecross, Dennis, 1948), and from Salen and Spelve, Mull. Arran, Raasay, Lewis, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay, Jura and Gigha – Clyde.
Collected by the Italian communities as an inferior substitute for Porcini, Boletus edulis q.v., and called ‘Porcinello’ but probably this term covers many in the scabrum group. One of the few fungi recorded from all Watersheds by Stevenson.although probably includes several now considered distinct species under the name. Klotzsch material in E labelled ‘nr. Kinnordy Common August 1830’.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. cyaneobasiliceum As L. brunneogirseolum from Moray (Abernethy, under Betula, 25 viii 2005; Loch an Eilean, 22 viii 2005 & Glenmorer Forest Pk., 20 viii 2005).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. variicolor Mottled Roughstalk Probably quite common but previously confused with L.scabrum.; and material Mull 7 ix 1968). Records from Tay (Tentsmuir, 2 ix 2001; Camghouran, 18 ix 1976; Dalreaich, nr. Enochdu, 17 viii 1978; Dall, Rannoch, 19 ix 1975), Forth (Penicuik Wd., 27 ix 1969; Blair Drummond, 90 x 1968) and Moray (Abernethy, Craigellachie, Culbin Sands, Loch an Eilean, 20 – 25 viii 2005). Also recorded from Berriedale, Hoy, Orkney, Arran, Skye and described in Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb. by Watling based on material from Mull (Loch Spelve, 6 ix 1968 – type in E) other sites on Mull. Possible collection as L. scabrum var. coloripes from Ross (Granton, 17 vii 1993).
= Leccinum
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. pseudoscabrum Hazel Roughstalk. As L.carpini. Limited distribution and found associated with Carpinus and with Corylus; occasionally with Quercus. Western in distribution in Scotland and known from only scattered records from Mainland, from Moray (Lochan Mhor, 18 ix 1973) and Tay (Birks of Aberfeldy, 26 viii 1968). Recordeds from Skye, Eigg, Loch Ba and Torloisk Hse., Mull, Ulva, Islay, and Jura. Not know from the Northern Islands.
Sg. Luteoscabra
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. crocipodium Saffron Roughstalk. Single record from the Tweed (Plora Wd.) but site needs to be revisited.
Orton nom. prov.
L. brunneoviride Known from Tay (Black Wd., Rannoch, 11 x 1977) and Moray (Abnernethy, 11 ix 1990).
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. parasiticus Parasitic Bolete A rare fungus strongly associated with Scleroderma citrinum (earthball). Only know from collections from Clyde (Loch Lomond side, 3 ix 1963 & 10 x 1991). Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. rubinus A rare Scottish bolete only known from an early record in Stevenson from Glamis - Tay
Tylopilus
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. felleus Bitter Bolete Associated with frondose trees often Fagus, and under conifers. Rather rare in Scotland. Records also from Forth (Colstoun Wd., East Lothian, under Pinus & Quercus, 2 xi 2008), Clyde (Arran, under Fagus, viii 1967; Falls of Clyde), Tay (Aberfeldy, with Fagus, 26 viii 1968; Faskally 20 ix 2007) and Moray (Lower Tullochgruie, Aviemore, with Pinus sylvestris, amongst Vaccinium, 8 ix 1958). Known from Mull & Arran. Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. arida On old wood especially of conifers. Recent records from Forth (Cammo Park, on living lower branches of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, 7 iv 2002; Colinton Dell, 21 ii 1978 & Waters of Leith) and Tay (Peebles & Glentress); also from St Kilda, Foula and Skye. A collection of Corticium citrinum from Perth made by Buchan White is an immature Coniophora and probably belongs here.. Recorded in Stevenson from Tay and Moray as Corticium. This fungus is attacked by Nodulosporium cecidogenes with records from Deeside.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. marmorata On decayed coniferous wood. Single record from Tay (Perthshire) in K.
TFTadMSSoCAR C. prasinoides On decayed bark of Picea sitchenisis, Jura 1993.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. puteana Wet-rot fungus Widespread throughout country on wet house timbers, garden sheds, door stops etc., although infrequently fruiting; on both conifer and frondose timber. Recorded in the field from Moray. Recent records from Forth (Bonnyrigg, Midlothian Episcopal Church vestry, 9 xi 1966; Barnton, on box and base of Lolium plants in greenhouse, 1 ii 1941; on mushroom beds, Longniddry, 10 ii 1953; RBGdn, Edinb. on Rhododendron in pot, undated; on floor boards, East Lodge, Clermiston, Edinb., iv 1973, wooden boarding in tennis courts RBGdn., Edinb. 11 xi 1976; on Pinus pinaster, RBGdn., Edinb. ix 1985; Kinross, Vane Farm, in hedgerow on abandoned wood 1 x 1983. Also know from swimming pool (xii 1967), back room of house (1 x 1975), damp plaster in house (16 vi 1987) all in Edinburgh.), Tay (Black Spout Wood, Pitlochry 29 ix 1956; Dunkeld, on Taxus 13 x 1975 also on door lintel 28 ii 1968), Clyde (Auchincruivre x 1939; Inchlonaig on Taxus 13 x 1975 & L. Nethan) and Argylle (Inverary, Folk Museum, on Betula x 1981). Reported from Skye, St Kilda and Orkney. Known to form a cubical rot on Sequoia gigantea (Macdonald, 1939). In Stevenson as Corticium puteanum and in many recent texts as C. cerebella.
Coniophora sp. As Corticium stabulare in Stevenson for Tay introduced with a short description. Inadequately described fide Ginns, Opera Bot. 1982.
TFTaDMSSoCAR J. ochroleuca A single recent collection on decayed conifer wood from Moray (Abernethy).
Pseudomerulius
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. aureus An undated collection in E possibly of Greville or contemporary.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. viscidus Copper Spike Not uncommon in pine woodlands with Pinus sylvestris , especially remnants of the Caledonian forest, less frequent in plantations. Known from Tay (Edzell, 14 viii 1967; Blair Atholl, 2 x 1994; Tentsmuir, 10 x 1971; Rannoch, 20 viii 1960 & 4 ix 1963), Moray (Dell, Aviemore, 8 ix 1957; Rothiemurchus, 23 viii 1963; Nairn, BMS foray 17 ix 1955; Loch an Eilean, 2 ix 1960; Coylum Bridge, 9 ix 1957; Lochan Mhor nr. Aviemore, 9 ix 1957 and earlier collection ix 1938; Curr Wd., Abernethy, Glenmore Forest Pk., Upper Tullochgrue, Loch Pityoulish 19-26 viii 2005), Forth (Saltoun Wd., East Lothian, 8 ix 1990, Dee (Linn of Dee, Braemar 21 viii 1972). Known only from Mull in the Hebridean and Northern Islands. Form with rich amethyst pileus agreeing with var. testaceus has been collected in Forth (Selmuir, 15 x 1977). In Stevenson recorded from Tay, Dee, Moray and Clyde. A collection agreeing with C. corallinus has been collected in Forth (Dirleton, no further data) but this has now been shown to represent the present species. The host for Penicillium brevicompactum at Tweed (Mellerstain Hse., 3 ix 1995).
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. roseus Rosy Spike Associated with Pinus sylvestris in remnants of the Caledonian forest; otherwise infrequent. When found sometimes associated with Suillus bovinus – Dee collection below). Known from Tay (incl. Black Wd. of Rannoch), Moray (Abernethy ix 1938; Loch an Eilean, 243 ix 1960 & 11 ix 1963; Dell, Rothiemurchus, 3 ix 1960; Carr Bridge, 13 ix 1975; Culbin Forest, 6 ix 1988; Curr Wd., Abernethy & Glenmore Forest Lodge, 22-26 viii 2005), Dee (Mar Lodge) and Clyde (Loch Lomond, 6 x 1973). In Stevenson as G. glutinosus var. roseus. for Moray, Tay and Ross
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. glutinosus Viscid Spike Known from Forth (Doune Ponds, Stirlingshire, 30 viii 1992), Tay (Black Craig Bridge of Cally, 31 viii 1985; Black Wd., Rannoch, with Pinus sylvestris, 1 x 1961 & with Larix, 20 viii 1966; Rannoch, with Picea, 4 ix 1962 & 63; Dall, Rannoch, 12 x 1965 & with Picea abies, 4 ix 1963; Dalreiach near Enochdhu, 4 ix 1982), Moray (Glenmore Forest Pk., under Picea, 20 viii 2005; Inchnacardoch Forest with Picea sitchensis), Solway (Glen Café,. St Marys Loch 27 viii 2009 with Pseudotsuga) and Tweed (Holmes Water, Dawyck, 18 ix 1994). Only known with Picea from Mull and with Picea sitchensis & Pinus contorta, N.Hoy, Orkney.A collection from Aros, Mull had a pink-livid coloured pileus. Recorded from all Watersheds except Forth, Sutherland and Argylle in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. maculatus Associated with Larix either solitary specimens or in plantations. Records from Tweed (incl. Glentress; Dawyck 27 ix 2009), Forth (Saltoun Wd., East Lothian, 8 ix 1990), Tay (Kindrogn, 23 viii 1966, 17 viii 1967 & 17 viii 1972; Davan, Kindrogan, 7 ix 1984; Dalreaich, nr. Enochdhu, 4 ix 1982; Falskally, 2 ix 1981; Ballantium, 30 viii 1968; Rannoch, 20 viii 1966; track to Ben Vrackie, Moulin, 17 viii 1974) and Moray (Ploodda Falls, 4 ix 1982; Balnahun, Inverness, 26 viii 1971; Drumguish Pinewood, 24 viii 2005): only known from Mull in Hebridean and Northern Islands. There are no entries in Stevenson for this species although it is widespread; perhaps the concept adopted therein included G. gracilis q.v.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. gracilis There are recent records from Tay (Dunkeld) and Forth (shale bing, Whitburn) and an earlier one from Argylle (Benmore BGdn., ix 1959) all poorly documented. Stevenson records this species from Tay, Moray and Clyde although there is much discussion as to whether it is distinct from G. maculatus.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. collinitus Collections from Forth (Yellow Craigs, Dirleton, East lothian, with Pinus, 18 v 2000), Tweed (Stobo, 19 ix 1999) and Tay (Blair Atholl, 22 viii 1978).
TFTadMSSoCAR S. flavidus In remnant pinewoods with Pinus sylvestris usually in wet areas in Sphagnum less frequent with pure stands of Hylocomium but with planted conifers at Culbin Sands - Moray. Known from Dee (Braemar, 22 viii 1978; Inverey Wd., nr. Mar Lodge, 7 ix 1982; Linn of Dee, 22 viii 1978; Glen Tannar, 5 ix 1975), Tay (Black Wd., Rannoch, 14 x 2967 & 17 viii 1972), Ross (Bein Eighe, 2 ix 1957), Moray (Coylumbridge, 7 ix 1960; Pollan Buidhe, Glen Affric, 2 ix 1957; Loch an Eilean, 11 ix 1963; Abernethy, 4 ix 1988 & 25 viii 2005; Uath Lochan, 24 viii 2005; Glenmore Forest Pk., 22 viii 2005; Culbin Sands, 8 ix 1975). Recorded with description in Stevenson only from Tay (Rannoch) by Buchanan White where it still occurs and in Add 8 Moray added. With Picea & Pinus mixtures Argyll (Morven) and under Picea sitchensis, White Glen Plant., Hoy Orkney; with Pinus mugo & Picea sitchensis Voxter and South Nesting, Shetland. Not known from the Hebridean Isles. Apparently mycorrhizas of this species are recognized quite frequently on pine tree roots (Alexander pers. com., 2004).
TFTadMSSoCAR S. granulatus Weeping Bolete Less common than S. luteus, although found under similar conditions; perhaps more frequently in plantation sites. Known from Tay (Kindrogan, 17 viii 1972), Moray (Abernethy, Curr Wd., Uath Lochan Glenmore Forest Pk., 20 – 26 viii 2005), Tweed (riverside bank opp. entrance to Dawyck) and Forth (Lothians); with Pinus contorta, Lyness, N.Walls, Orkney. Only recorded by Stevenson from Tay (Glamis, Hunter’s Hill).
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. luteus Slippery Jack Fairly common in native remnant pinewoods and in some plantations. Known from Tweed, Forth (Penicuik Wd., 19 x 1972; Bolton Muir Wd., Gifford, 10 viii 1953; Mortonhall, Edinb., viii 1844; Saltoun x 1938, Rupert Smith; Livingston, new, small roadside planting of P. sylvestris, 27 x 2007), Sutherland (Tongue, 18 ix 1972), Tay (Tentsmuir, 10 x 1965; Rannoch, 1 x 1961 & 20 viii 1966; Kindrogan, 17 ix 1972), Dee (Powlair, Aberdeenshire, 12 ix 1964; Braemar, viii 1964), Moray (Aviemore, ix 1938; Coylumbridge, 9 & 16 ix 1957 & 19 viii 2005; Loch an Eilean 8 & 11 ix 1957, 2 ix 1960 & 22 viii 2005; Rothiemurchus, 25 ix 1966; Culbin Forest, Glenmore Forest Pk., Granton on Spey, Loch Pityoulish & Abernethy, 20 –25 viii 2005), Clyde (Falls of Clyde) and Ross. Known from Arran, Lewis, Skye, Rhum, Eigg and Mull and with Pinus mugo at Voxter, Mainland Shetland. Recorded in Stevenson from all Watersheds except Sutherland, Solway and Argyll, although Solway is added in Add. 8. Unlocalized collection in Herb. Menzies in E and Klotzsch material from Charles Lyell’s grounds, Kinnordy, Sept. ’30. Sold in mixtures of dried ‘wild mushrooms’. Experimental material with Pinus patula 30 vi – viii 1979, P. kesiya 30 viii 1979 and P. montezumei I x 1980.
Collection from Moray (Abernethy, 26 viii 2005) attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum.
TFTadMSSoCAR S. grevillei Larch Slippery Jack or Larch Bolete. Very common wherever Larix is planted, even with solitary specimens; with L. leptolepis and with L. eurolepis but rarely with other conifers. Known from Tweed (Innerleithen, 2 vii 1995; Glentress, 22 vii 1973; incl. Dawyck with Larix spp.), Forth (Archerfield, East Lothian, viii 1914; Penicuik Wd., x 1869; Balerno, x 1880; Foxhall, 22 vi 1972 (with L. leptolepis RBGdn., Edinb. 20 vii 1954 & 8 viii 1962; Pinus sp. RoBGdn., Edinb.) Tay (Davan, Knidrogan, 18 viii 1966 & Kindrogan 21 & 23 viii 1966; Black Craig nr. Bridge of Cally, 21 viii 1966; Glen Lyon, 26 & 27 ix 1961;Braegum, Crieff, 21 vii 1973), Dee (Crathes Castle, 24 viii 1962), Argyll (Loch Gailhead, 18 viii 1994), Moray (Plodda Falls, Glen Affric, 29 & 31 viii 1957; Tomich, 1 ix 1957; Loch an Eilean, 8 ix 1957; Aviemore, ix 1938), Solway, Sutherland (Tongue, Dennis, 1955), Clyde (Clyde Falls, 21 vii 1968; Younger BGdn., 9 ix 1964; Kilmun Hill, Dunoon, 30 ix 1972; Chatelherault with L. kaempferi and Falls of Clyde with L. decidua) and Ross. Also known from Arran, Lewis, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay and Jura. Recorded from Kergord and Nesting, Shetland and Rousay, Orkney. Better known as S. elegans; Boletus greveillei was described by Klotzsch probably from Tay (‘…. The Highlands very common May to Sept 1830’); material in E. Included here are all records of Boletus flavus a name with which it appears with Boletus elegans in Stevenson .
Var. badius is a dark-capped form and is known from Moray (Loch an Eilean, 11 ix 1957; Rothiemurchus, 5 ix 1960; Coylum Bridge, 16 ix 1957), Tay (Kindrogan, 18 viii 1966; Blackcraig Wd., nr. Blairgowrie) and from Forth (Lothians). A record as S. clintonianus from Tay (Davan, Kindrogan, 21 viii 1995) is probably only var. badius.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. bresadolae var flavogriseus Bearded Bolete. Collections as S. neuschii under Larix from Dee (Linn of Dee, 21 viii & 21 ix 1968 & 18 ix 1979), Tay (Killiecrankie, 2 ix 1968) and Forth (Water of Leith, 4 ix 1976).
TFTaDMSSoCAR ?S. tridentinus A record from Forth (Lothians) which requires confirmation.
TFTadMSSoCARS. viscidus Sticky Bolete. Growing with Larix but less frequent than S. grevillei (q.v.). Records as S. aeruginascens and as such from Tay (Falskally, 2 ix 1981; Straloch, 7 ix 1984; Blair Atholl, 9 vii 1994), Moray (Loch an Eilean, Rothiemurchus, 8 & 11 ix 1957 & 6 ix 1960) and Forth (Cameron Toll, 5 x 1998; Livingston on reclaimed oil bing, ix 2004; x 2007 shale bing Whitburn); all with Larix. Not in Stevenson but appears in Add 4 as Boletus laricinus for Tweed.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. bovinus Bovine Bolete Probably more frequent in plantations than remnant pinewoods. Known from Tweed, Forth ( Selmuir, 7 x 1967), Argylle (Dorlin Dennis 1951),), Tay (Glen Lyon Hse., 26 ix 1961; Rannoch 4 ix 1963, 20 viii 1966 & 30 viii 1968), Clyde (Chatelherault), Ross (Loch Maree, 12 ixc 1963; Beinn Eighe, 29 ix 1955; Evanston, 16 viii 1992; Gairloch, Dennis, 1948), Dee (Powlair, Aberdeenshire, 12 ix 1964; Linn of Dee, 18 ix 1979) and Moray (Rothiemurchus, 10 ix 1957; Pollanbuidhe, Glen Affric, 3 ix 1957; Coylum Bridge, 9 ix 1957; Lurcher’s Gulley Cairngorm, 26 ix 1990; Culbin Sands, 27 ix 1963). Also known from Mainland Shetland and from Mull. Recorded from Arran, Skye, Rhum, Mull and Jura. Under Pinus contorta, White Glen Plant., Hoy, Orkney and with Pinus mugo Voxter and Nesting, Shetland. In Stevenson recorded from all but Dee, Solway, Sutherland and Argylle. An unlocalized collection in Menzies Herb. in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. variegatus Velvet Bolete. Common with Pinus sylvestris in remnant pinewoods and some plantations with other Pinus spp. Known from Sutherland (Loch More Dennis, 1955), Tweed (Bowhill), Forth (Selmuir, 7 x 1967 & 3 viii 1968), Tay (Rannoch, 20 viii 1960; Tentsmuir, 10 x 1965; Kindrogan, in mixed Picea & Pinus woodland, 23 viii 1966; Kinloch Rannoch, ix 1970), Dee (Braemar, 18 ix 1964), Ross (Gairloch, Dennis, 1948), Moray (Rothiemurchus, 25 viii 1963; Loch an Eilean 11 ix 1963 & 22 viii 2005; Aviemore, 9 ix 1994; Pollanbuidhe, 3 ix 1957; Badger Falls, 30 viii 1957; Coylum Bridge, 9 ix 1957 & 19 viii 2005; Drumguish Pinewood, Granton on Spey, Glenmore Forest Pk., Abernethy 20 – 25 viii 2005) and Clyde (Falls of Clyde). Known from Arran, Mull and Rhum, and both from Kergord and Voxter, Shetland where it occurs with Pinus mugo and N. Walls, Orkney. With Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Coire na Ciste, Cairngorm 27 ix 1993 & Bynack Mor 853m., 11 ix 1979 and Meall a’ Bhuachaille 25 viii 2005. Interestingly in Stevenson there is the same lack of distributional as S. bovinus
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. cavipes Hollow Bolete. Rare under Larix. Known from only two recent records from Moray (Quarrelwood nr. Elgin; 6 x 2002 & 19 ix 2003, huge fruitings during the Sept. 2004 season; Achnashellach, 7 ix 2000; Rogie Falls with Larix 30 viii 2009 D. Genney).
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. castaneus Chestnut Bolete. Associated with Quercus. Two records from Forth (Dunkeld Oak wood, 19 ix 1981; Auchendenny, Penicuik, 1 x 2006). Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. cyanescens In mixed woods generally on rather mineral soils usually under Betula.. Known from Tay (Glen Shee under Betula, 6 x 1990; Black Wd., Rannoch, 1 ix 1959; Kindrogan, 17 viii 1967), Moray (Tomich, 18 ix 1958; Cannich, Glen Affric, 5 ix 1957), Dee (Crathie, 30 viii 2009 with Betula & Populus tremula, L. Holden) and Argylle (Dunstaffanage Castle). Recorded from Mull with Betula. In Stevenson from Tay (Glamis, Rannoch and Glen Lochay and Tignabruaich by Buchanan White and Argylle; in Add 1 & 8 recorded from Moray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. aurantiaca False Chanterelle. Wide spread and common in mixed, conifer and deciduous woodland and on moorland. Very variable. Known from Tay (Ben Lawers in rough pasture, 3 ix 1983), Forth (Torphin Hill, Edinb., 7 ix 1964; Magnus Muir, Fife, 6 xi 1955; on wood chips and needles 8 x 1996 and on seed pans 20 x 1965, RBGdn., Edinb.), Moray (Aviemore, ix 1938 – x 2 colletions; Knockarder, 20 ix 1967), Clyde (Chatelherault & Falls of Clyde; Brodick, Arran, viii 1967), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Tay (Tentsmuir, in plantation, 10 x 1971 and on old wood, 4 xi 1965; Dalreaich, nr. Enochdhu, in plantation, 4 ix 1972) and Tweed (Dawyck, with Abies spp. 30 vii 1992; Borders Hospital mild poisoning, 8 x 1994). Also known from Gott in plantation of Pinus contorta and Rippaback with Salix repens, both Shetland, Foula and Orkney, on turf of Black House, St Kilda, Lewis, Harris, Barra, Mingulay, Mull, Arran and Colonsay; also on new road workings Sullom Voe, Shetland 24 x 1984. Old collections from Forth in E; Pentlands, 1880; Braidhills, 1878 and Bavelaw, Edinb., 1880. Also material from Klotzsch from Kinnordy July 1830 as Cantharellus aurantiacus Wulf.
Var. pallida is known from Clyde (Falls of Clyde), Moray (Glen Affric, 23 viii 1955; Glen Einich, 29 viii 1955), Loch na Keal and Loch Ba, Mull & hill pasture Semblister, Shetland. In Stevenson recorded from all Watersheds except Sutherland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. fuscosquamulosa In swampy areas with rushes. Known from Tweed (Dawyck, 23 x 1997 under canopy of Sequiadodendron giganteum).
TFTaDMSSoCAR M. ambiguus Stinking Slime Truffle. Recent records from Forth (under Nothofagus, 14 i 1990, RBGdn., Edinb. and no locality data Midlothian 18 vi 1993 and Tay (Wormit, Fife under Quercus, legit McIntyre, ix 1960). Also known from Binscarth Wood, Finstoun, Orkney, on upturned Fagus stool, 13 xiii 1979. In Stevenson from Tweed (Jedburgh collected by A. Jerdon). This fungus was found in the stomach contents of several squirrels from various places in Scotland; see Turnbull in Mycoogist.
TFTaDMSSoCAR O. asterosperma Litter-leaf truffle. Single record from Solway (Wigton, Port Patrick, under Fagus, 23 viii 1927). Collection in E from Lyndhurst, England which has been attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. involutus Brown Rollrim An extremely common agaric occurring from early summer until late autumn throughout Scotland, in both mixed and conifer plantations often with Betula and Quercus. Also found in gardens and in parkland and beside roads but then always associated with trees. Recorded from Clyde (Kintyre, Chatelherault, Falls of Clyde etc.), Ross (Applecross, Dennis 1948), Sutherland (Tongue, Dennis, 1955), Forth (RBGdn., with Betula 31 viii & 5 x 1989, Edinburgh incl.. Stockbridge 1 ix 1992 & Blackhall, the latter with Cedrus deodara & Malus 30 viii 1990 & 7 x 1971, Portobello in greenhouse, 8 x 1984 etc), Tay (Loch of the Lowes, Blairgowrie with Pinus & Betula 10 ix 1991,Black Wd., 28 ix 1965 and Camghouran 4 x 1964 both Rannoch; Dundee with Populus italica & P. nigra, 6 ix 2001, Boarshill, Fife, with Betula, North Fife x 1984, Kindrogan etc.), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Moray (Keith Memorial Garden, viii 1991, Nairn 17 ix 1955; Loch an Eilean, Curr Wd., Abernethy, Upper Tullochgruie, Insh Marshes, Culbin Forest 20 – 26 viii 2005), Tweed (Dawyck 22 viii 2000), Solway (Logan B Gdn., with Pseudotsuga menziesii, 21 viii 1984) and Dee (Durris with Picea sitchensis 16 ix 1971). Known also from White Glen Plant.,Hoy, Orkney with Pinus contorta and Kergord, Shetland with recently planted Betula. Also known from Arran, Lewis, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay, Islay, and Jura. Single collection involved in case with patient at Strathclyde Psychiatric Hospital vomiting and hospitalised, 17 ix 1997. Two collections from near Glasgow dated November ‘30 and a single collection from Garscube, Douglaston dated Nov. ‘31 both in Herb. Klotzsch in E. In Stevenson recorded from all Water-sheds except Solway and Ross, although in Add 8 the former added. Probably some of these records refer to other closely related taxa; see P. obscurisporus below.
Attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum in Forth (Juniper Green, 18 x 1994; Corstorphine Hill, 9 viii 1980).
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. obscurisporus Records from Tay (Killiecrankie & Falskally ix 2008). This is probably widespread but confused with the morphologically similar P. involutus.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. rubicundulus Not uncommon in alder carrs and along lake shores where there are groups or individual alders. Known from Tay (Loch of the Lowes, 15 viii 1969, many collections from Rannoch 26 ix 1965 thru’ 26 viii 1985), Clyde (Loch Lomond, 6 x 1963), Forth (Lothians), Moray (Glen Affric incl. Plodda Falls, 14 ix 1969; Abernethy 1 ix 1972; Tomich 11 & 12 ix 1969) and Argyll (Glen Lochay, 1 vii 2001). Recorded from Islay. Not in Stevenson but most probably united therein with P. involutus or is referable to P. leptopus noted from Moray (Forres) by Rev. J. Keith and Tay (Glen Tilt by Buchanan White and Kenmore).
Rhizopogon sp. attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum Tay (Rannoch) in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. luteolus Yellow Beard Truffle. Associated with Pinus sylvestris. Good collections from Moray (Culbin Sands 27 ix 1963 onwards and from various sites in Rothiemurchus, 29 viii 1957 et subseq.; Glen Affric 27 ix 1985 & 5 ix 1988; Aviemore 15 vii 1987), Ross (Shieldaig Dennis 1948; Beinn Eighe 29 ix 1955), Tay (Tentsmuir 9 ix 2001; Rannoch 26 viii 1954), Forth (Bush estate, Penicuik x 1975) and Dee (Linn of Dee, 29 viii 1988 et subseq. ).
TFTadMSSoCAR R. ochraceorubens Apparently widely distributed in Scotland but misidentified either as R. luteolus or R. rubescens. Localites to be cited.
TFTadMSSoCAR R. roseolus Blushing Beard Truffle. Collections from the wild with Pinus sylvestris and known fromTay (Rannoch, 6 ix 1933 material in K), Ross (Shieldaig Dennis, 1948), Dee (Glen Tanar, 15 viii 1964) and Moray (Rothiemurchus 12 viii 1984; Culbin Sands 16 ix 2003 and with Pinus nigra 8 ix 1975; early record from Forres by Rev. J. Keith vii 1881in K). Also with Pinus leiophylla (15 ix 1981) and P. canariense Forth (iv 1979 thru’ vi 1980, RBGdn., Edinb. ix 1981 & iv 1979 respectively. Records with Pinus sylvestris and in Stevenson as R. rubescens from Tay (Rannoch, collected by Buchanan White and labelled R. luteolus in Berkeely Herb.) and Moray (Rothiemurchus collected by Rev. J. Keith - still present in the latter locality. Sometimes referred to as R. vinicolor.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. villosulus Associated with Pseudotsuga menziesii. Single Scottish record found on Nordic Congress near Kindrogan - Tay. Material in Herb. Jeppson, Stockholm.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. bovista Potato Earthball. On dry mineral soils, margins of woods. Records from Tweed (Dawyck with Picea breweriana, 4 ix 2001), Tay (Kindrogan viii 1986), Forth (Edinburgh in Rose bed 15 viii 1977; under Acanthopanax leucotheum, RBGdn., Edinb., 27 viii 1993, Blackhall, under Cedrus deodara 14 x1991; Longniddry, East Lothian under Salix, 26 viii 2003; Auchendinny viii 1984 & Doune Ponds near Stirling under Betula 7 x 2003) and Clyde (Falls of Clyde & Chatelherault); also Mull. Old record from (Aberdeen) collected by Prof. Dickson ex herb. Cooke in E. In Stevenson recorded from Tay & Moray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. citrinum Common Earthball. On sandy soils at margins of woods, on heaths, along tracks, parkland even gardens. known from Forth, Dee (Aberdeen 26 x 1958), Clyde (Ben More nr. Dunoon under Fagus 12 ix 1993 & under Quercus 18 xi 1977; Chatelherault), Argylle (Dorlin, Dennis, 1951), Tweed (Dawyck 22 viii 2001) and Solway (Port logan 29 ix 1953). . Recorded from Arran, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay and Jura. An old collection made by D.V.Sadler, Curator RBGdn., Edinb. dated Dec. 1857. In Stevenson as S. vulgare recorded from all Watersheds excluding Sutherland, Solway and Argylle. Many recent collections from all Watersheds under the above two names and also S. aurantium. Host of Pseudoboletus parasiticus q.v. with records in the west.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. areolatum Leopard Earthball. On sandy soil both in Forth (Lothians) and Tweed (Dawyck).
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. cepa Onion Earthball. Single but rather poor collection from Forth (Penicuik dated 1870) in E checked by V. Demoulin.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. verrucosum Scaly Earthball. On sandy soils, margins of woods. Widespread in central Scotland Recent records from Forth (Drem Clackmann 8 x 1983, Corstorphine Hill, Edinb., 12 xi 1967, Pencaitland 7 x 1954), Clyde (Loch Lomond 11 ix 1951 & Chatelherault) and Tweed (Dawyck 24 ix 2001 & 2 x 2002). Known from Arran, Skye, Mull and Rhum. The Greville material in E collected by Carmichael is the material from which the plate is made in Cryptogamia Scotica. In Stevenson recorded from Forth, Tay, Dee, Clyde and Moray. An Edinburgh collection in E causing a suspected poisoning case in a young child.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. pinastri Generally on conifer wood and recorded under Merulius and Serpula. Record from Clyde (Lanarkshire, 4 ix 1976); Forth (on wood in Temperate house, RBGdn., Edinb., 21 ix 1965 & on boxes in Palm Hse., ix 1965, also Orchard Brae 5 xi 1964 labelled L. mollusca), Clyde (Hamilton High Park, on conifer, 4 ix 1976; Chatelherault) and Tay (Straloch near Kindrogan, 16 viii 1974). Collection labelled Serpula tignicola from Ulva, in disused sawmill and Mull belongs here fide J. Ginns, as does a collection so named from pine in a disused sawmill 13 ix 1960 – to be localised.
Leucogyrophana
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. mollusca Recorded in Stevenson on fir branches, Dupplin Wd. – Tay and from Dee & Moray. Apparently no recent records.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. sororia Single Scottish record on bark of conifer from Ross (Loch Maree) in K.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. himantoides On old coniferous wood, pine stumps etc. occasionally in houses. Records from Forth (Blackhall, Edinb., 2 ii 2003; Gifford, ix 1966; Edinburgh on house timber and stonework, 3 xi 1958), Tay (Stormont, Blairgowrie, on pine stump, 6 x 1956; as Merulius terrestris Edzell, on soil under Fagus 30 ix 1963. fide J. Ginns.). There is an unlocalized collection in E possibly from Greville Herb. Noted in Stevenson as Merulius from Tay (Dupplin Wd., Dr M.C. Cooke).
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. lacrimans Dry Rot fungus. Widespread throughout Scotland causing considerable economic loss in house structures; on soft-wood timbers. 30 collections in E from cellars, basements, shelves in larders, disused cupboards, under plaster board and one coating the Holy Bible and other religous books in Free Church of Scotland basement. Less frequently recorded as fruiting. Records from Mull, Dee (Aberdeen), Forth (Dunfermline, Edinburgh include. Aberlady & Musselburgh in outhouse), Clyde (Glasgow), Tay (St Andrews) and Tweed (near Berwick). Fruiting structures found in Forth (West Gate lodge, RBGdn., Edinb., wooden slating, 1 ix 1976; amongst Parthenocissus quinqueflioa on outside wall also Edinburgh. Also known from Kirkwall, Orkney and Mid Yell, Shetland . In Stevenson as Merulius from all Watersheds except Ross and Sutherland. A non-dated collection by Greville from Kinnordy in E. This is probably an alien to the British mycota, introduced from the Himalayan region many score years ago. Still recorded and spoken of as Merulius.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. pulverulenta As Merulius larchrymans var. pulverulentus from Dee (Strachan, Banchory) in Stevenson. The Mull collection labelled S. tignicola, a synonym, is L. pinastri q.v
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. strobilaceus Old Man of the Woods. Generally associated with Fagus. Apparently widespread in Tay (Garry and Tummel valleys, e.g. Killiecrankie 8 ix 1988; Black Spout Wd., Pitlochry, 5 ix 1997 with Quercus and Blair Atholl 27 viii 1968; Aberfeldy, 20 ix 2007; illustrated by Beatrix Potter from material from Tay collected at Crieff and Dunkeld). Single records from Moray (Darnaway Forest, C.Miller) and Solway (Dumfries & Galloway, 12 x 1991). Not in Stevenson except in an annotated copy in E making reference to the first record noted under Potter.
Porphyrellus
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. porphyrosporus Dusky Bolete Generally associated with Fagus.. Known from Tay (Killiecrankie 1 ix 1968 thru’ 3 viii 1981; Black Spout Wd., Pitlochry, with Quercus, 1 ix 1985 and Dall, Rannoch 29 ix 1971; Aberfeldy, 17 vii 2011, Ali Murfitt) and Tweed (Bowhill 22 ix 2007; Flora Wd., 2 x 1995 with Quercus ) and from Mull and Skye. Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. atrotomentosus Velvet Rollrim Widespread on pine stumps. Known from Tay (Ballanluig, 17 viii 1962; Black Wd., Rannoch, 6 ix 1953; Killiecrankie, 20 viii 1960; Standing Stones, Kindrogan environs, 28 viii 1986; Blair Atholl, 2 x 1994), Moray (Aviemore ix 1938; Loch an Eilean, 9 ix 1957 & 22 viii 2005; Granton on Spey, Loch Pityoulish, Abernethy, Coylum Bridge, Drumguish Pinewood, Culbin Forest, 20 – 26 viii 2005) and Dee (Linn of Dee, 21 viii 1972; Inverey). Surprisingly only recorded from Tay by Stevenson. Not known from Hebridean and Northern islands
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. panuoides Oyster Rollrim On sawdust and old conifer planking etc. Collections known from Moray (Inverness, 13 ix 1927), Dee (Dinnett Wd., on sawdust, 9 ix 1962), Clyde (West Kilbride, x 1979), Tay (nr. Kindrogan 5 ix 1985) and Forth (as var. ionipes on ? Fagus stump, 16 viii 1963). Not known from Hebridean or Northern Islands.Noted by Stevenson for Tweed, Forth, Tay and Moray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. pelleteri Golden Gilled Bolete Uncommon but probably more widespread than records suggest. Recent records from Tay (Killiecrankie, 20 viii 1978 and Dunkeld, 10 ix 1999; Eastwood, Dunkeld). In the literature as P. rhodoxanthus and reported as being the same as Paxillus leptopus but Stevenson’s description leaves no doubt that his records of the latter fungus do not belong to the present fungus as in his description describes its gills as narrow, close and not reddening on bruising.; see Paxillus rubicundulus below.
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. chrysenteron Red Cracking Bolete A common and widespread bolete found in many types of shaded woodland from early summer until late autumn. On mainland Scotland recorded from Forth (RBGdn., Edinb. 15 vii 1960, 13 ix 1977 & with Cedrus deodara, 2 viii 1982; Blinkbonny with pinkish apricot flush to pileus, 18 viii 2004; Edinburgh, under Tilia, ix 1988), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Tweed (Dawyck 14 & 30 ix 2001 & with Fagus, 30 vii 1992), Clyde (Chatelherault, Cleghorn Glen etc.), Tay (Birks of Aberfeldy, under Fagus, 23 v 2003; Rannoch, 20 viii 1966; Glamis, 12 ix 2001; Tentsmuir, 10 x 1965; Kindrogan, 27 viii 1968; reddish form Crieff, 4 viii 1973), Argylle (Benmore Younger BGdn., near Dunoon, 6 ix 1963 & , 1 viii 1964 & 28 ix 1971) and Moray ( Aviemore, ix 1938; Plodda Falls, under Fagus, 29 viii 1957; Craigellachie, under Betula, 21 viii 2005; Glenmore Forest Pk., under Pinus sylvestris, 23 viii 2005). Also known from The Burn, 14 viii 1964 – Watershed required. Recorded from Skye, Rhum, Eigg, Mull, Arran and Jura and from Yeasnaby, Orkney with Salix repens. Not known from Shetland. Recorded in Stevenson from all but Solway, Argyle and Ross; the first Watershed is added in Add. 8. Collections have been found attacked by Sepedonium chrysospermum anamorph of Apiocrea chrysosperma, e.g Tweed (Dawyck BGdn.).
Var. aureomaculatus from Tay (Dawyck, 14 ix 2001).
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. porosporus Sepia Bolete. Common and widespread, especially in parkland , gardens etc with planted groups or individual trees. Only recently recognized and included in a wide concept of B. subtomentosus in previous lists. Known from Tweed (Dawyck, 2 viii 2001; Hirsel, Coldstream, 16 viii 1986), Forth (Corstorphine Hill, 26 vii 1982; Buckingham Terrace, Edinb., 31 vii 1982, RBGdn., Edinb. under Betula, 25 vii 1990, under Taxus, 7 x 1991, under Abies homolepis, 26 viii 1974, under Prunus persica (apricot), 31 viii 1982 & 22 viii 1963 - holotype see Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb.), Tay (Glen Tilt, planted area at bottom of glen, 27 viii 1968 Dunkled, Kindrogan, Glamis etc.) and Clyde (Culzean Castle, in shrubbery, 12 viii 1972). Known from Mull but no where else on the Henbridean and Northen islands. Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. pruinatus Matt Bolete. Although confused with uncracking specimens of B. chrysenteron there are collections under Quercus from Forth (Roslin, 6 viii 1966 – see Notes Roy.Bot. Gdn., Edinb.; Dalkeith with Quercus, 19 ix 1987; Balerno, 13 x 1971 &10 x 2001; Selmuir 7 x 1967; Sherrifmuir, Gifford, 19 vii 2011), Tweed (Dawyck, under Tilia, 14 ix 1999 & 28 x 2001 –could refer to B. chrysenteron), Tay (Dunkeld, 5 ix 1997) and Dee (Cambus o’ May, 6 ix 1975). As B. fragilipes Tay (under Quercus, Loch Voil, 18 viii 1991). Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. ripariellus Known only from Moray (Craigellachie, under Betula, 24 viii 2005).
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. rubellus Ruby Bolete. As B. versicolor collected in Tay (Blackcraig, nr. Bridge of Cally, 20 viii 1967); Clyde (Glasgow area, photographed J. Mowat, viii 2007), Moray (Loch an Eilean, under Betula, 22 viii 2005) and Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., 10 x 1961). Further analysis of these collections is required to confirm they are not colour variants of B. chrysenteron or even B. declivitatum
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. bulbalinus Dee (Macaulay Inst. Grounds viii 2008, A. Taylor). Probably more widespread but confused with closely related species.
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. cisalpinus Known as yet from Tweed (Gordon Comm. Woodland, under mixed trees, 6 ix 2009). Probably more widespread but confused with closely related species.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. declivitatum Along grassy ride Forth (Hopetoun Hse., South Queensferry, 1 x 2006). As B. quercinus known from Tweed (Dawyck, 27 vi 1994). Also records of B. armeniacus from Forth (RBGdn., Edinb. 9 viii 1973, 11 viii 1975 & 4 viii 1982) and as B. communis for Tweed (Dawyck, 30 viii 2000). Probably many early records under B. chrysenteron belong here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. ferrugineus Widespread bolete in the past confused with B. subtomentosus, which is probably overall less common. It has been found with arborescent trees such as Fagus and with non-arborescent Salix herbacea Arctostaphylos urva-ursi. Known from Tay (Loch Rannoch, 15 x 1967; Kindrogan with Picea, 189 viii 1966; Ben Vrackie, with Salix herbacea, 5 ix 1984; Black Spout Wd., Pitlochry, under Quercus, 5 ix 1997), Tweed (Dawyck), Clyde (Chatelherault). Dee (Dunecht, 19 viii 1964; Braemar, 18 viii 1964) and Moray (Lower Tullochgruie, Aviemore with pine/birch, 8 ix 1958; Boat of Garten, 25 viii 2005; Culbin Sands, 24 viii 2005; Loch an Eilean, under Betula, 22 viii 2005 Dalwhinnie, 4 ix 2000 with Arctostaphylos). Known from Skye, Colonsay, Rhum and Mull. Included here is the recently described B. citrinovirens = f. citrinovirens) of which the holotype is from Tay (Kindrogan 12 x 1970 & 17 viii 1972; Blackcraig, Bridge of Cally, 18 viii 1994) and in E; recorded under this name for Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000). Includes records of Boletus lanatus. Occurs in Stevenson with description as B. spadiceus from a single site Tay (Glamis).
TFTaDMSSoCAR X. subtomentosus Suede Bolete Widespread and found in mixed woods etc. Recent records from Tweed (Dawyck; with Fagus, 3 vii 1992 & 4 x 1999), Forth (Thruipmuir, Balerno, under Fagus, 15 x 1961; Penicuik 27 ix 1969; Roslin 3 x 1968), Clyde (Benmore, near Dunoon, 6 ix 1963 & 28 ix 1971, L.Lethan), Tay (Rannoch, 1 & 4 ix 1963; Tulloch Hill, Blair Atholl, 11 viii 1992; Ben Vrackie with Salix repens, 2 9 viii 1968; Aberfoyle, 2 vii 1961 Straloch, Kindrogan with Salix repens, 1 ix 1968 & 20 x 1968; Davan, Kindrogan, 2 viii 1970; Kindrogan, 19 viii 1966; Pitlochry, 21 viii 1966), Dee (Glentanar, under Pinus sylvestris, 26 viii 1962; Crathes, 24 viii 1962; Linn o f Dee 5 ix 1968 & 21 viii 1972), Sutherland (Tongue Dennis, 1955; Ben Hope in grassy turf, 7 ix 1979), Argylle (unlocated, 1 viii 1975 prob. on way to Knapdale), Moray (Tomich 10 & 13 ix 1963 & under Betula 5 ix 1957; Craigellachie, Aviemore, under Betula, 7 ix 1960; Culbin Sands, under Betula, 24 viii 2005; Granton on Spey, under Betula, 26 viii 2005; Abernethy, under Betula, 25 viii 2005; Loch an Eilean, 8, 11 & 13 ix 1957 & 22 viii 2005; Uath Lochan, 24 viii 2005; Glenmore Lodge, 20 viii 2005; Plodda Falls, Glen Affric, 29 viii 1957; Pollanbuihde, 3 ix 1957; Rothiemurchus, 25 viii 1963; Craignew Res., Inverness, 6 ix 1960) and Solway (Knapdale, 13 viii 1975). Also Beinn Dhearg Mhar, 900m. undated and two early records from Forth (Penicuik Wd., x 1869 & Hermitage of Braid, ix 1879). Known from Arran, Mull, Skye and Rhum. Dennis (1955) records two collections of B. subtomentosus var. punctatipes from moorland between Tongue and Borgie – Sutherland and presents a description of the Scottish material. Collections with strongly developed ribs on the stipe have been termed B. lanatus. Collections incorrectly under this name from Tweed (Dawyck, under Betula, 2 viii 2001 & under Quercus, 4 x 2001; also 7 x 1994), Tay (Davan, Kindrogan, 2 viii 1970; Kindrogan, 16 viii 1967) and Clyde (Loch Lomond, with Quercus, 6 x 1973. Record from Ben Tote, Skye but otherwise unlocated. B. variecolor described from Dee (Aboyne) and noted from Tay and Dee by Stevenson is considered no more than a variety of this species.
F. xanthus has been recorded from Mull, 22 ix 1969. Two collections agreeing in part with this taxon found in Tay (Innerpeffray Crieff, 16 ix 1961) and Forth (Balerno, 25 ix 1961). A dark green-capped form has been called B. ambiguus Pearson nom. prov. It has been found at Tay (Black Craig, Bridge of Cally, 17 viii 1973), Dee (Cambus o’ May, with Betula, 6 ix 1975) and Moray (Inchcailloch, 6 ix 1980). Recorded in Stevenson from all Watersheds except Sutherland, Argyll and Ross. Many of the records undoubtedly refer to B. ferrugineus and B. porosporus and require reassessment.
Attacked by Sepedonium stage of Apiocrea chrysospermum Tay (Black Craig Bridge of Cally, 17 viii 1973).