Panaeolina foenisecii
(cc) BY-NC Dave GenneyTFTaDMSSoCAR C. cyanescens Extensively used as a recreational drug in the UK but not intercepted by police forces or public health officials in Scotland as far as is know, although it would be surprising if this species had not been used in Scotland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. foenisecii The Haymaker (Brown Mottlegill is superfluous) Common in grassland, parks, on lawns etc., from late May onwards. Widespread. Known from Sutherland (Kyle of Tongue; Sandwood Bay, Dennis, 1955), Forth (Balerno, 19 ix 1955; RBGdn., Edinb., 14 vii 1953 thru’ 2 vii 1971; Inverleith Park, 2 vii 1963; Aberlady, in fixed sand-dunes, 1 vii 1971; Newbridge, 16 v 1995; Cammo Park, Edinb., 22 vi 1997), Dee (Poison enquiry Aberdeen Hospital., ix 2001) ), Clyde (Chatelherault & L. Nethan; newly prepared lawns, SAC Lanark, 9 vii 1997), Argylle (Castle Sweeny, 5 viii 1975), Moray (Glenmore Forest Pk., 25 viii 2005) and Tay (Ben Lawers, 2 ix 1983; St Mary’s College lawn, St Andrews, 8 iv 1957). Known also from Shetland, St Kilda, Harris, S.Uist, Coll, Colonsay, Skye, Rhum, Arran and Mull. Regular enquiries from ‘Sick Kids’ Edinb.; over a forty year period, generally late May to early June when young children start to play on the garden lawn: material x 1998; eaten by 2 year old child 23 vii 1987 at Cayside, Edinb. Also known from Orkney incl. mixed collection labelled P. campanulatus from Orphir by Halcro-Johnson, 26 viii 1934. In Stevenson recorded from all Watersheds except Solway, Sutherland, Argylle and Ross, the first added in Add. 8.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. acuminatus (Dewdrop Mottlegill, probably refers to the so-called synonym P. rickenii). In grassland but not directly associated with dung. Recorded from Forth (Lothians), Moray (Abernethy, 25 viii 2005) and Tay (Kindrogan, on soil, 20 v 2003). This is considered by some to be a short-stemmed, broad-capped form of P. rickenii, q.v.; if so the present name would have priority. Known from Orkney incl. Eday, Shetland incl. Foula and Mousa, St Kilda, Vatersay, Mingulay, S.Uist, Skye, Rhum and Mull; also Kintyre. P. caliginosus recorded in Stevenson from Glamis Castle Park with description – Tay belongs here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. fimicola (Turf Mottlegill) In grassland. Known from Sutherland (on rabbit droppings Cuilabhjacaidh, Dennis, 1955), Forth (Loch Leven, 3 vi 1972; RBGdn., Edinb., 10 iv 1960; Slipperfield near West Linton, as P. aff. subalteatus, 7 vii 2002; East Lothian, in garded, 8 xi 2005; Aberlady, 13 v 1963 & 11 ix 1994), Tweed (Dawyck, 4 x 1999), Moray (Culbin Forest, 24 vii 2005; Loch an Eilean, 22 viii 2005; Aviemore, ix 1938 legit W. Young both as P. campanulatus).and Tay (Kindrogan, 18 v 2003; Blair Atholl, 20 v 2003; Killiecrankie, 24 vi 1972). Also known from Arran, Lewis, Harris, S.Uist, Barra, Skye, Islay, Colonsay, poss. Rhum, Quendale Shetland, St Kilda, ,one record from Mullach Sgar as P. ater), Orkney incl. Lunga Holm ex Halcro-Johnston 7 viii 1934. As P. rickenii Kirkcaldy, v 1978 – Forth, P.olivaceus Bernary Is., Outer Hebrides and P. sphinctrinus Tarmachan, Ben Lawers, 27 vi 1964 - Tay. Considered by some to be the same as P. ater.q.v.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. olivaceus In grassland; less frequently on dung. Known from Forth (Hopetoun Hse., Edinb., 5 x 2002; Cammo Pk., Edinb., 26 ix 1981 ), Moray (Newbold Hse., Forres, 7 v 1967; Rothiemurchus, 8 xi 1950), Tweed (Peebles, 3 x 1981), Dee (Cairnwell, 30 viii 1976), Clyde ( ex P. Margot, autumn 1979) and Argylle (nr. Danna, 7 viii 1975; Castle Swan, 3 viii 1985). Also records from Shetland, Orkney, Bernary, Mull, and Rhum and as P. aff fimicola,, Skye, Quendale Shetland, Orkney, incl. Shapinsay, Loch Druidibeg, S.Uist and Mull and as P. castaneifolius from Orkney, Skye and Mull should be referred here. Collection from St Kilda recorded as P. aff. subbalteatus belongs here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. rickenii Common in grassland often amongst tall grasses from spring to late autumn., rarely on dung. Known from Dee (Cairnwell, 8 ix 1984),Tweed (Dawyck, in grass several sites), Moray (Dell, Rothiemurchus, 8 ix 1957 and as P. acuminatus Abernethy, 1 ix 1972; Beinn Ghlas, 5 viii 1958), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Tay (Murthley est., 22 v 2003; Davan, Kindrogan, 16 viii 1974; Straloch, 16 viii 1974 and as P. campanulatus Standing Stones, nr. Kirkmichael, 20 viii 1973), Clyde (Chatelherault, Cleghorn Glen, Falls of Clyde), Forth (Menstrie Glen, Ochils, no date; Lothians). Also from Arran, Shetland, Coll and Mull, Eday and Westray, Shetland incl. Bressay, and Orkney incl. also as P. campanulatus nr, Orphir, Orkney legit Halcro-Johnston, 26 viii 1934 – mixed collection see P. foenesecii above. A P. campanulatus Moray (Aviemore, ix 1938 legit W.Young,), Sutherland (Bettyhill, 22 ix 1984) and Forth (Thruipmuir, Balerno, 22 xi 1953) and as P. olivaceus Mull, Papa Westray, Orkney, 22 viii 1995 and Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 2 x 1961). As P. ater Mull and Tay (Blackcraig, Bridge of Cally, 20 viii 1972 as P. semiovatus on dung ; as P. subbalteatus, 4 x 1960. As P. acuminatus Dee (Cambus o’May, 8 ix 1975) and Tay (Ben Lawers, 457m., 3 ix 1983 and Glen Isla as P. aff. acuminatus, 25 vi 1966).
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. subfirmus On cow dung, widespread but nowhere common. Known from Tay (Standing Stones, nr. Kirkmichael, on cow dung, 20 viii 1973; Camghouran, Rannoch, 27 ix 1967 holotype in E of P. speciosus, which is considered by Gerhardt to be a form of P. sphinctrinus), Forth (Lothians), Clyde (L. Nethan), Moray (Coylum Bridge, on horse droppings, 10 ix 1984; Nethy Bridge, 10 ix 1969; Abernethy, 4 ix 1972), Argylle (Glen Orchy, on cow dung, 6 vi 1985). Known also from Mull, Colonsay, Graemsay Orkney, Shetland on manured soil, Fetlar and Quendale. All records as P. speciosus.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. ater In grassland, often quite early in the year. Known from Forth (Craigleith, 15 iv 1960; Blinkbonny, 20 iv 2004), Solway (Torres Warren, Glen Liuce, 25 v 111986), Moray (Insh Marshes, 18 v 2003), Sutherland (Golspie, 23 iv 1960; Strathy Pt., nr. Bettyhill, 14 v 1985; Strathnaver, 13 v 1985), Tay (Kenmuir Castle, 27 v 1985; Ghlaos Maol, 20 vi 1995); also known from St Kilda, Mingulay, Arran, Colonsay, Shetland, Orkney and Skye. As P. campanulatus Abernethy, 26 viii 1989 - Moray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. semiovatus (Egghead Mottlegill) Common on dung, often horse or pony, and cow usually in somewhat more base-rich areas; also on deer and sheep droppings. Known from Sutherland (Tongue, Dennis, 1955), Forth (Edinburgh, in garden on introduced top dressing, 30 iii 1976; Falkirk, in dung and damp sawdust, 16 v 2001; Penicuik, x 1869 legit W. Evans; Balerno, 7 v 1971; Selmuir, on horse droppings, 5 vii 1967), Dee (Caenlochan, Angus, 914m., 24 vii 1953), Solway (Whitcombe, 11 viii 1984), Ross (Ardnamarchan, ix 1984; Applecross Dennis, 1948), Sutherland (Borgie Forest, 16 ix 1973), Moray (Culbin, on horse droppings, 16 ix 2003; Beinn Ghlas, 914m., on deer dung ( no date prob. mid 1950’s) and Kintyre. Known from Arran, Skye, Orkney incl. Hoy, Shetland incl. Foula, Unst, Yell and Whalsay, the last on pony dung, Tiree and Rhum, on pony dung. Records from Arran, St Kilda, Lewis, Harris, N. Uist, S. Uist, Barra, Colonsay, Coll, Raasay, Mull, Eigg, Jura and Islay. A collection from Shetland agreed with f. minor and a collection from Tay (Straloch, 7 ix 1984) lacked a ring and instead was provided with a marginal curl; such forms have been called both Anellaria fimiputris and Panaeolus phalaenarum. In Stevenson as Ag. (Panaeolus) separatus recorded for all Watersheds except Argylle, Sutherland, Dee and Moray, the last added in Add. 1 and the first in Add. 4 as Ag. fimiputris, in additon to records from the last two Watersheds and in Add. 4 for Argylle..
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. campanulatus On dung Tay (Standing Stones, nr. Kirkmichael, 20 viii 1973) and Moray (Abernethy, 26 viii 1989); also Gigha. Considered a hybrid by Gerhardt. Generally collections including those in Stevenson refer to P. sphinctrinus q.v. Dennis (1948) keeps this species separate based on collections from Ross (Applecross) and Argylle (Dorlin Dennis 1951) and Sutherland (Tongue, Dennis, 1955).
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. papilionaceus (Petticaot Mottlegill, probably referrable to the so-called synonym P. sphinctrinus). On weathered dung. Known from Moray (Rothiemurchus, 12 ix 1957; Glenmore Forest Pk., Upper Tullochgruie, & Insh Narshes viii 2005; Aviemore, legit W. Young, ix 1938); also S. Uist, Skye and Rhum. Var. parvisporus has been indicated as being found in Scotland fide Legon, 2005. In Stevenson recorded from Forth, Tay, Moray, Clyde & Ross and later in Add. 8 for Argylle, as P. retirugis from Tay, Moray and Ross; recent records of P. retirugis for N. Hoy, Orkney and Mainland Shetland apparently belong here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. sphinctrinus Common on dung of all kinds although less frequent on rabbit pellets. Known from Moray (Kincraig, on pony dung, 7 ix 1963; Abernethy, as P. olivaceus, 4 ix 1972; Tomich, 10 ix 1969; Aviemore, ix 1938, legit W.Young), Ross (Applecross & Loch Toscaig, Dennis 19148), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Clyde (Falls of Clyde & L. Nethan and as P. campanulatus for L. Nethan), Tay (Kindrogan 18 v 2003; Camghouran, Rannoch, 7 x 1967; Loch Tay, Killin, 8 viii 1971; Kindrogan, 12 ix 1970; Straloch, on horse dung, 30 viii 1968; Rannoch, 12 vi 1970), Tweed (Blackpool Moss, Selkirk, 3 x 1979 as P. campanulatus), Sutherland (Bettyhill, 18 ix 1972 & 4 x 1975), Forth (Lothians as P. campanulatus & P.sphinctrinus) and Argylle (nr. Danna, 7 viii 1975). Also known from Mull, Stronsay and Hoy, Orkney incl. Halcro-Johnson collection from, Langa Holm, 7 viii 1934,, Shetland, Skye, Mull, at least one of the records on rabbit pellets, Islay (also as P. campanulatus), S. Uist as P. papilionaceus, and Rhum on pony dung. Also as P. papilonaceus Dall, Rannoch, 20 vii 1958 – Tay. Records for P. speciosus from Tay (Camghouran, Rannoch, 22 ix 1968) and at least one record from Aros, Mull are P. sphinctrinus fide Gerhardt. A collection labelled P. aff. speciosus on cow dung from Ulva, 11 ix 1968 is P. sphinctrinus. Under this last name recorded in Stevenson with description surprisingly only from Glamis – Tay but as P. campanulatus from everywhere except Sutherland. Island records include Rhum, Mull, Gigha, Orkney, Shetland as P. campanulatus and Coll, Skye, Shetland, Eigg, Mull and Colonsay as P, sphinctrinus.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. cinctulus (Banded Moittlegill) On manured soil in gardens. Known from Forth (Bush estate, Penicuik, in cucumber beds, 19 vi 1964; Balleggy, 23 viii 1966), Sutherland (Foot of Ben Hope, on dung in midden, 17 ix 1988), Tay (Kindrogan, in silage pit, 16 viii 1967; Scone, freshly manured hotel grounds, 21 vi 1982; Cupar Angus, on straw-heap, 25 vi 1966), Skye, Mull, and rotting straw bales, Orkney. All records as P. sub-balteatus. Also as P. papilonaceus RBGdn., Edinb., in palm bed, 14 vii 1955 – Forth. Material from South Queensferry involved in poison case and Public Health investigation; on dung from local farm spread on newly prepared potato patch on new housing estate , 14 ix 1976 & 6 x 1976; see Watling in Mycopathol. Myco. Applicata.
P. olivellus Orton, n.p. Camghouran, Rannoch, 7 x 1967 – Tay.
P. olivaceogriseus Orton, n.p. Abernethy, 31 viii 1972 – Moray
P. roseotinctus Orton n.p. Abernethy, 4 ix 1972 – Moray
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. lacteus Single record of this delicate species from Forth (Doune Ponds, 14 viii 1991.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. titubans Often synonimized with B. vitellinus from which it differs in the slighter stature, thinner gills ,which are correspondingly pinkish cinnamon in color, and white stipe. If synonimized then this is the prior name. In grassland on rotten grass stems. Known from Tweed (Dawyck), Forth (Orchard Brae, Edinb.), Clyde (Falls of Clyde) and Orkney. Recorded in Stevenson from amongst grass for Tweed, Forth, Tay, Moray & Clyde.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. vitellinus (Yellow Fieldcap) In long grass on dead tillers and on grass cuttings; on herbaceous plant debris , on straw, or straw/dung mixtures, less frequently on raw dung and wood-chips. Also in sand dunes on remains of Ammophila, Elymus and Agropyron. Common and widespread appearing from early summer until late in autumn whenever weather is favourable. Known from Forth (Inchcolm, 6 viii 1885; Orchard Brae, Edinb., 16 viii 1979; Dalmeny, Crammond, 28 v 1986; Vogrie Pk., 3 ix 2001; Aberlady, 17 vii 1973; Cramond, 13 ix 1962; Gifford, 22 viii 1961; Holyrood Pk., 12 x 1960; Thruipmuir, Balerno, 4 x 196; South Queensferry, on straw,. 6 x 1961), Ross (Applecross Dennis, 1948), Sutherland (Tongue & Cuilabhacaidh Dennis, 1955), Moray (Upper Tullochgruie, Loch an Eilean & Glenmore Lodge, 19-24 viii 2005; Badger Falls, Glen Affric, 5 ix 1988), Dee (Edzell, about stump on chips, 16 viii 1964; St Cyrus, Montrose, in sand-dunes, vi 1978), Tweed (Hirsel, Coldstream, 16 viii 1986), Tay (Garth, 27 ix 1961; Drummond Hill nr. Fortingall, 27 ix 1961; Kindrogan; Straloch, 21 viii 1967; Royal St. Andrews Golf Course, 25 ix 62 & Gatty Marine lab. grounds both St Andrews; East Harbour, St Andrews, 2 x 1962; Tentsmuir 2 x 1961 & 10 x 1965; Glen Isla, on old cow dung, 25 vi 1960; Kindrogan, 29 viii 1976 & 12 viii 1967; Blair Atholl, 2 7 viii 1968) and Clyde (Falls of Clyde, 21 vii 1968; Chatelherault). Records from Kintyre, Dunbarrie, 11 vi 2002 and also known from Isle of May - no further data. Record from Loch Druidibeg, S.Uist. Known from Arran, S.Uist, Rhum, Mull and Islay. B. boltonii in Stevenson refers to a rather large statured form recently found at Dunfermline 2 vi 1981 – Forth and recorded on dung in Tay. B. fragilis is a synonym and in Stevenson is noted on dung for Tay, Dee, Moray and Clyde.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. reticulatus (Netted Fieldcap) On mossy logs. Single records from Dee (Dinnett, oakwood, 6 ix 1975) and Tay (Birks of Aberfeldy, on mossy log, 23 v 2003)
Conocybe
Farinosae (Conocybe)
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. abruptibulbosa On disturbed soil close to track. Known from Forth (Cramond, 23 vii 1961 - type in E) and Orkney. Reputed to be the same as C. macrocephala but if so a very aberrant form with a different habitat preference.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. aurea Forth ( near Cramond coll. M. Chamberlain, mid-1960s).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. brunneola Recorded in New Check List but no records in E
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. dunensis In mobile sand-dunes often attached to old grass stems. Known from Tay (Tentsmuir, 10 x 1965 & 10 x 1966; Montrose, 23 1962), Sutherland (Bettyhill, ix 1965), Forth (Dunbar, 12 xi 1989; Aberlady, 23 v 1976) and Mull. Also known from similar habitats on Mull and Shetland. Type from Dawlish Warren, Devon England in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. echinata Collections from Forth (Doune Ponds, Stirling, 14 x 1990), Tay (Kindrogan., 24 viii 1968), Clyde (Falls of Clyde) and possibly Moray (Nethy Bridge, 29 vi 1969). Also known from S.Uist. This is an earlier name for C. sordida.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. juniana Better known as C. magnicapitata and found at edges of woodland and woodland tracks or in mossy unimproved grassland. Known from Solway (Carrifran, 28 vi 1978), Argylle (Glen Orchy, 6 vii 1985) and Moray (ascent to summit, Cairngorm, 10 ix 1984). Records from Mingulay, Rhum and S.Uist.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. macrocephala In grassland sometimes quite high altitudes. Known from Tay (Glen Lochay, 1 vii 2001; Enochdhu, 28 ix 1999; Kindrogan, 10 ix 1984 and Davan, 10 ix 1964), Dee (Cairnwell, 12 ix 1978) and Tweed (Mellerstain, 28 ix 1999),
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. mesospora In grassland. Known from Tay (Straloch, 7 ix 1984) and Dee (Cairnwell, in sugar limestone grassland, 8 ix 1984), in addition to St Kilda.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. rickeniana In grassland. Known from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Forth ( Roslin, 6 viii 1966; Doune Ponds, Stirling, 22 x 1995) and Tay (Dall, 27 v 1967). Known from Mull. Probably record from Glamis- Tay in Stevenson under Ag. (Galera) spartea refers here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. semiglobata In grass in open woodland. Known from Forth (Dalkeith, 17 viii 1986), Tweed (Dawyck, 20 x 2001) and Sutherland (Kyle of Tongue, & Sandwood Bay, Dennis, 1955). Records from Gigha, Arran and Mingulay.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. subovalis Distinctive species on ruts and sides of tracks in open woodland. Known from Tay (Kindrogan, 25 viii 1968, 11 ix 1984 & 30 viii 1988; Dall, 9 xi 1967) and Tweed (Hirsel; Coldstream, 16 viii 1986). Records as Ag.(Galera) ovalis for Tay and Ross in Stevenson probably belong here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. subulicola Known from Orkney and from Forth (Aberlady) but without voucher material located.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. tenera In grassland and in grass at margins of woodland. Known from Ross (Applecross, Dennis 1948), Tay (Black Spout Wd., Pitlochry, 9 ix 1984), Dee (Cairnwell, grassland on suger limestone, 8 ix 1984) and Arran. Many records under this name especially the classic records probably refer to a range of other species. From swede field Forth (East Craigs, 25 x 1940) seems a strange habitat. Recorded from Skye and Mull. Agaricus (Galera) tener in Stevenson probably refers to several taxa within Conocybe; noted therein from all but Sutherland and Solway.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. fuscimarginata Known from Tay (Black Wood of Rannoch, on dung, 29 x 1961).
TFTaDMSSoCSAR C. hexagonospora Collection from Tweed (Dawyck fide Hauksnecht).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. lenticulospora On old dung. Known from Tay (Dalreaich, 7 ix 1984; Camghouran, 25-27 x 1964 – holotype in E), Clyde (L. Nethan) and Moray ( Abernethy, 13 ix 1988; Rothiemurchus 26 ix 1983).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. murinacea On old horse dung. Type material from Mull, Loch na Keal, 27 ix 1990 - holotype in E and material from Moray (Tomich, 2 ix 1971 as C. panaeoloides Orton n.p.)
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. ochrostriata Found in grassland often at higher altitudes; all refer to C. oc(h)racea var. ocracea recoltés macrosporées. Known from Tay (Kindrogan, 30 viii 1968 & 10 ix 1984; Glen Lochay, 1 vii 2001; Ben Lawers, 5 vii 2003; Ben Vrackie, 7 vii 1990; Black Spout Wd., Pitlochry, 9 ix 1984), Argylle (Ben Lui, 23 vi 2002), Dee (Cairnwell, 12 ix 1978 & 8 ix 1984) and Arran. All records as C. siennophylla a species was described from Ceylon so these records refer to a distinct, although very close species. Error as C. ochracea f. macrospora – Atkinson’s name; see C. velutipes below.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. pilosella In grassy areas. Known only on Mainland Scotland from Tay (Camghouran, 17 ix 1984). Known from Rhum.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. piloselloides Known only from Dee (Cairnwell, 12 ix 1978). Said to be only a small-spored form of C. pilosella.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. rickenii On old dung, less frequently on straw/dung mixtures and on dung spread out in gardens. Known from Moray (Coylum Bridge, 9 ix 1957; Nethy Bridge, 29 viii 1969), Tay (Ben Lawers, 548.8m., 16 v 1958; Kindrogan, 24-25 viii 1964; Glen Lochay, near summit 1 vii 2001 -requires re-examination; Rannoch, 6 x 1960), Tweed (Dawyck, 4 x 2001), Sutherland (Ben Hope, 16 vii 1988), Ross (Beinn Eighe, 30 ix 1955) and Forth (Blackhall, in greenhouse, on compost, 5 viii 2008; RBGdn., Edinb. in herb. border, 27 vii 1992; East Craigs, Edinb., 8 viii 1973; Dalkeith, 17 viii 1982). A collection of a 4-spored form found in Tay (Dall, 16 ix 1973). This species is sometimes considered a variety of C. siliginea but this has a very different habitat requirement and is less yellow in colour.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. rostellata As C. ochracea s. Kuhner’s ‘recoltés microsporés’ = C. kuehneriana. Recorded from Tay (Black Wd. of Rannoch, 22 x 1961), Tweed (Dawyck, 4 vi 2003) and Moray (Rothiemurchus 18 vii 1958). Records from St.Kilda, Skye and Mull. Under C. ochracea recorded from Mull, Rhum and Gigha but examination required to ascertain whether C. siennophylla is involved.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. siliginea Known from Forth (Roslin, 6 viii 1966) and Tay (Black Spout Wd., Pitlochry, 1 ix 1997) and from Mull and Orkney.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. velutipes On disturbed soil in gardens, margins of woodland even in grasslands. As C. kuehneriana known from Tweed (Dawyck, 22 ix - 28 x 2001), Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 27 vii 1965), Argylle (Ben Lui, 9 vii 1995) and Ross (Ullapool, specimen without date - Bert Brand) and Forth (Vogrie Co. Pk, 6 vi 2003) belong here.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. ambigua Sandy path in conifer plantation Tay (Kindrogan, 28 viii 1968); also a record from Coll, in pasture.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. farinacea On horse dung. Known from several collections from single site in Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 6 x 1960 - type in E) and from Moray (3 ix 1960 – to localise).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. macrospora This is a earlier name for a fungus described from Tay (several collections Drummond, Hill, nr. Fortingall, 27 ix 1961 as C. rubiginosa for which holotype in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. pinetorum On disturbed soil in plantations and native pinewood; not on dung. Known from Tay (Dall, 14 -28 x 1961) and Moray (Forest Lodge, 15 ix 2003; Abernethy, 17 x 1994). Type from Spain in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. pubescens On horse dung usually in woodlands or plantations. Known from Moray (Tomich, 5 ix 1965; Insh Marshes, on cow dung, 23 viii 2005; Abernethy, 15 ix 1987; Nethy Bridge, 27 viii 1969), Forth (Dalkeith, 17 viii 1986), Argylle (Glen Orchy, 6 vii 1985), Tay (Dall, 15 x 1962; Kindrogan on horse dung, 18 v 2003; Camghouran, 31 x 1964 & 7 x 1967; Standing Stones nr. Kirkmichael, 2 ix 1980), Solway (Forest of Ae, 19 x 1985) and Clyde (West Kilbride, 1979 no further data). Records from St Kilda, Skye, Rhum and Mull.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. pulchella In base-rich grassland but not attached to dung or rarely so. Known from Tay ( Dall, 21 x 1966; Kindrogan, 28 viii 1968; Black Wd., of Rannoch, 1-17 x 1965), Dee (Cairnwell, 27 viii 1983) and Moray (Tomich, 14 ix 1969). Record from Mull. This is C. pseudopubescens of earlier lists.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. subpubescens On well rotted vegetable material in ditches etc. Found in Tay (Loch Rannoch, 17 x 1964) and Dee (Cairnwell, 8 ix 1984) as well as Shetland, South Ronaldsay Orkney and from Rhum. The type from Epsom, England is in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. watlingii on pony dung on farmyard tip, Fair Isle. Type material in E. Probably referrd to by Dennis, 1955 as C. neoantipus in list of fungi from Ross (Sandwood Bay); introduced with description and figure.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. dumetorum As the synonym C. laricina from Forth (Blinkbonny, in herb. border, ix 1985 ) and from Shetland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. albipes (Milky Fieldcap) In grassland on dead grass stems and tillers and on vegetable debris. Known from Tay (Balnaguard, 19 viii 1978; Kindrogan 19 viii 1967) and Forth (Arthur’s Seat, Edinb., 12 x 1960; Vogrie Pk., 5 vii 2003). The correct name for what was called C. lactea. Known from Mingulay and Colonsay. var. huijsmanii is recorded from Moray (Nethy Bridge, 17 ix 2003). In Stevenson as Bolbitius tener from Tay & Dee. Ag.(Galera) lateritia is usually taken to be the same as C. lactea = C. apala certainly in the case of Kuhner’s interpretation but this is not applicable to classical records. Thus under this name noted in Stevenson from Tay and Dee and probably applies to a member of the Sect. Mixtae.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. aporos A rather common and widesprerad annulate member of the group often found in basic rich grassland early in the year. Known from Tweed (Dawyck), Dee (Morrone Wd., 19 v 2003), Tay (Kindrogan, 18 v 2003; Blair Atholl, 20 v 2003; Black Wd., Rannoch, 21 v 2003; Camghouran, 24 v 1965; Scone, 26 iv 1972; Dall, 7 vi 1967 & 9 v 1971 & Dall, 21 v 2003; also as C. cf. rugosa 13 v 1967; Glen Tilt, 29 v 1989). Also as C. fulvida Orton n.p. from Tay (Glen Ogle 20 v 2007; Dall, 18 v -4 vi 1968; Camghouran, 1-14 v 1957 thru’ 11 vi 1972; Loch Lubnaig, 13 v 1961), Forth (Cramond, 27 iv 1987), Clyde (Hamilton High Pk., 19 v 1985; Chatelherault), Moray (Darnaway, 7 v 1967) and Ross (Trigfour, 4 vi 1967 and Comieshalloch Gorge, 7 v 1994). Found both on Skye and Mull.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. arrhenii (Ringed Fieldcap) Known from Moray (Nethy Bridge, 9 ix 1969; as C.cf. vexans from Darnaway, 24 ix 1955), Forth (Orchard Brae, Edinb., 1 x 1968 & 9 x 1976), Clyde (Chatelherault & L. Nethan) and Tweed (Mellerstain, 28 ix 1999). Better known as C. togularis. - Moray. Known from Harris only in Western Islands. In Stevenson under Ag. (Pholiota) togularis recorded for Tay and Moray.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. brunnea On tracks sides in woodland. Known from Forth (Cramond, 16 x 1965) and Clyde (Creinch Loch Lomond, 10 x 1979).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. dentatomarginata Known from Shetland
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. exannulata No material traced in E although noted in New Check List. BUT Material with Anton Hausknecht.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. filaris (Fool’s Fieldcap) On tracks or open spaces in woodland and on soil and woody debris in copses. Known from Clyde (Ben More Dunoon, on woody debris, 6 ix 1964; Culzean Castle, 12 viii 1972), Tay (Glen Lochay, near summit, 12 viii 1972; Dall, 31 x 1964) and Forth (on old debris in shrubbery against Syringa, 27 x 1967 and in pot of Genista urroo 8 vii 1962 both RBGdn., Edinb.). Record from Rhum on mossy soil.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. hadrocystis On woodland margins. Known from Forth (Saltoun Big Wd., Pencaitland) and Tay (Glamis, 19 ix 1987).
TFTaDMSSoCAR Pholiotina nemoralis On trackside; only known from Tweed (Duns Castle, 21 ix 2002).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. percincta Edge of tracks in plantations and woodland. Known only from Tay (Tentsmuir, 10 x 1966). Type from Herefordshire, England in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. rugosa In gardens and shrubberies even in cold frames. Found in Tweed (Dawyck, 16 x 1997), Forth (in cultivated areas - pot of Primula, RBG Edinb., 13 xii 1985 & with Jacobinia, Longniddry, East Lothian, 2 iii 1998) and Clyde (Chatelherault).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. teneroides Previously known in New Check List (1960) as C. blattaria. On tracksides in woodland. Found at Forth (Riccarton, 12 x 1973) and Tay (Kindrogan, 26 viii 1968). Also recorded from Mull.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. velata Previously known as C. appendiculata. On sides of tracks in woodland and in grassland. Known from Tay (Glamis, 1 ix 1987; Kindrogan 25 viii 1976; Standing Stones, nr. Kirkmichael, 22 viii 1972), Moray (Nethy Bridge, 2 ix 1969) and Tweed (Hirsel, Coldstream, 16 viii 1986). Known from Harris only in Western Islands.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. vestita Recorded for Scotland; material with Anton Hausknecht
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. vexans On tracks in woodlands and at margins of woody areas. Known from Tay
(Rannoch, 9 v 1971; Davan, 26 viii 1976 & 20 viii 1995; Glen Tilt, 1 ix 1985; Camghouran, 17 vii 1965 thru’ 11 vi 1972; Dall, 7-13 vi 1967; Dall 7-13 vi 1967), Dee (Mar Lodge, 19 v 2003) and Clyde (Chatelherault). As C. blattaria non Fries, known from Tay (Black Wd., of Rannoch, 10 v 1968; Blairgowrie, 2 x 1965; Birks of Aberfeldy, 26 viii 1968; Kindrogan, 25 viii 1968) and Moray (Tomich, 1 ix 1957; Guisachen, 19 ix 1968). Known only from Mull in Islands.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. aberrans On pathside Tay (Kindrogan, 17 viii 1972) and Forth (Bawsinch, amongst moss, 4 viii 2008).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. coprophila On, often weathered, dung generally in limestone or base rich grassland, and fixed sand-dunes. Known from Sutherland (Strathnaver, 20-22 ix 1975), Ross (Durness, 19 ix 1972; 15 ix 200 ), Dee (Cairnwell, 23 viii 1968), Moray (Rothiemurchus, 3 ix 1960; Tomich, 10 ix 1963; Kincraig, 7 ix 1963) and Forth (Swanston, 18 viii 1963). Also records from Loch Druidibeg, S.Uist, Skye, Mull and Rhum. The last in Dennis 1955 is accompanied by description and figure
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. mairei Material in E with Anton Hauksnecht.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. sulcata Single record from Forth (Ediburgh, amongst grass, 20 ix 1984). This is what has been called Galerella plicatella in European texts.
T FTaDMSSoCAR C. sulcatipes On soil. Single record from Tweed (Mellerstain, 20 ix 1999).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. intrusa In compost in cool greenhouses. Known from collections made in Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., with Camellia, 16 vi 1958 & in plant border in alpine house, 12 v 1961).
C. adusta Orton n.p. Known from Tay (Dall, 13 vii 1972).
C. angulata Orton n.p. Known from Tay (Camghouran, 31 x 1964 thru’ 1 x 1971) and Loch Ba, Mull, 19 ix 1969.
C. macrocystis Orton n.p. Noted from Tay (Black Wd., of Rannoch, 9 x 1965).
C. pelargonium Orton n.p. Known from Nethy Bridge, 9 ix 1968 thru’ 10-29 viii 1969).
Ag. (Psilocybe) comptus in Stevenson as occurring in Tay (Glamis) may belong in this family.
TFTaDMSSoCAR D. antarctica In garden Shetland under Nothofagus brought in from Scandanavia but originally from Tierra del Fuego. See Vellinga in Persoonia 2009. Specimens of Nothofagus brought to Denmark late 1970s and in 1991 D. antarctica appeared . see Petersen, J.H.1992 Sydhat (Descolea). Svampe 25: 32-33 & Rald, P. E. Vesterholt J. 1994 Foroyskir soppar. Torrhavn Foroyer: Foroya Skulabokagrunnur 1988/1989
?TFTaDMSSoCAR D. maculata A single collection of an immature basidiome found under Eucalyptus sp. Solway (Logan Bot. Gdn.) could be this species ( var. occidentalis). Needs further study.