Laccaria amethystea
(cc) BY-NC Dave GenneyTFTaDMSSoCAR H. carneum Flesh-pink Truffle Associated with introduced Eucalyptus spp. Undoubtedly introduced and probably more widespread than records suggest but seldom collected because of its’ hypogeous nature. Forth (RBGdn. Edinb.; Corstorphine, under Eucalyptus, growing in quantity, 2008; Blackhall with Eucalyptus gunnii 10 x 1998 & Portbello, 24 viii 1979 thru’ 18 viii 1980) and from Solway (Logan Bot. Gdn., 9 v 1990 and with Eucalyptus ovatus 12 vii 1980; 9 v 1990). Records from Mull (Torosay 15 vi 1981 & Calgary early x 1973 and Aros). Recorded with short description in Stevenson from a collection by Prof. A. Dickson in Clyde (Glasgow Bot. Gdn. Legit Dickson 1 xi 1875 in K) and from a collection by Sir T. Moncreiffe from Tay (Moncreiffe). Known also from the Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., Dec.1880, M.C.Cooke) in Add 4 and same loc. Jan. 1881.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. amethystea Amethyst Deceiver Equally as common as L. laccata but probably more tolerant of deep shade; found especially under Fagus. Known from Ross (Evanton, in mixed conifer and frondose woodland, 31 vii 1992; Applecross Dennis, 1948), Sutherland (Tongue Dennis 1955), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Moray (Darnaway, 11 viii 1978; Nairn, 21 x 1998), many localities in Upper Clyde and Forth (many sites incl. Cleish, 24 vii - x 1990 & Saline, x 1990, Silverburn Midlothian, 23 ix 1989), Argylle (Dorlin, Dennis 1951), Tweed (many sites incl. Dawyck, with Fagus, 7 x 1992 & 13 x 1998) and Tay (many sites incl. Kindrogan; Tentsmuir, with conifers, 4 xi 1965). In the Scottish Islands known from Arran, Lewis, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay, Islay and Jura; also from Kintyre and Binscarth, Orkney. Not in Stevenson where the records were perhaps simply massed with L. laccata of which it was considered simply a colour form. There is a possible old unlocalized Menzies collection in E. Commonly called the Amethyst Deceiver.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. bicolor Bi-coloured Deceiver Recorded from Clyde (Chatelherault), Dee (Edzell, 14 ix 1958), Moray (Loch an Eilean, 20 viii 1960; Coylum Bridge, Aviemore, with Pinus sylvestris, 4 ix 1960; Badger & Pollanbuidhe, Glen Affric, 18 ix & 20 ix 1958 respectively; Aviemore) and Tay (Blackcraig, 20 viii 1972; Kindrogan, 12 ix 1970 & Straloch, 30 viii 1985 and Loch Rannoch, 27 viii 1954). Also found with Salix herbacea Tay (Meall Ghaordie, 25 viii 2003) and Argylle (Ben Lui, 26 viii 2003). With Salix repens at Gletness, Shetland and Mid- and Rogafield with Salix herbacea Shetland. Known also for Skye, Mull and Trallaval on Rhum; apparently absent from Orkney.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. fraterna Under eucalypts, especially Eucalyptus gunnii; undoubtedly introduced. Spreading at least throughout Forth in gardens from Edinburgh to East and West Lothians, viz. Longniddry, 17 x1997 & 23 ix 1999; Liberton, 17 x 2000; Seton Mains, 11 ix 1997 thru’ 20 x 1998. In Longniddry in eight different gardens. Undoubtedly introduced. See Last & Watling ( ). Also known as L. lateritia.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. laccata Deceiver Extremely common throughout all the Water-sheds even in Sutherland where it is not recorded in Stevenson. Known from Argylle (Dorlin Dennis, 1951), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Ross (Applecross, Dennis 1948), Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., under Castanea & Quercus, 16 viii 1961; also 13 ix 1977; Vogrie Park, Dalkeith with Nothofagus antarctica, 8 ix 1990; Saltoun, x 1938; nr. Gifford, 17 x 1971 ), Moray (Glen Affric - Tom a’ Chorinch, with Salix herbacea, 7 ix 1988; Aviemore, ix 1938; Ben Alder, with Betula nana, 7 viii 1987), Sutherland (Tongue as L. laccata var. proxima, Dennis 1955), Tweed (Dawyck, 30 ix 1956 & 7 x 1992) and Clyde (Inchcailooch, Loch Lomond, 15 viii 1981; Younger Bot. Gdn., nr. Dunoon, 28 & 29 ix 1971) Known from Arran, Lewis, Skye, Rhum, Mull, Colonsay, Islay,and Jura in the Hebrides and in both Shetland incl. Foula with planted trees and with Salix repens and in several sites in Orkney Sometimes with potted plants, e.g. Pinus oocarpa, Block 6,., 30 viii 1979; with Rhododendron, House 19, 21 iv 1987, Forth (RBGdn., Edinb.). Clitocybe bella belongs here but it is doubtful as to which species the epithet belongs. It is recorded from Darnaway (Moray). Also known from Bridge of Lochy, 17 ix 1879!; other old collections from Morton Hall, Edinburgh, x 1879 & Roy. Bot. Gdn., Edinb., vii-viii 1846 and unlocalized material from Herb. William Evans dated x 1878.Three collections made by Klotzsch in E labelled ‘very common fungus Oct. 1830’ (Third collection labelled Ag. laccata f. Scop. see L. proxima below). Also old collection from Menzies in E named Agaricus farinaceus - a synonym.. Records from Coire Sharroch, edge of plantation, 21 viii 2002. Occurs with Salix herbacea on several mountain tops when it is then sometimes called var. subalpina, Tay ( Ghlaos Maol, 17 viii 1979 at 915m. & 24 vii 1953 at 855m.; Ben Lawers, 3 ix 1983 & 29 viii 1987), Dee (Cairnwell, 22 viii 1979), Ross (Bealach nan Ba Kishorn, 13 viii 1959 at 735m.) and Moray (Coire Garbhlach 7 viii 2002 & 24 viii 2003; Creag Megaidh, 4 ix 2003). This fungus is very variable and several varieties and autonomous species have been recognized by various authors. Thus L. tetraspora var. scotica Singer was described from Rannoch (Tay) with larger spores but subsequently has been found on a sloping bank with Ulmus at Biscarth, Orkney and with Salix repens on Bressay, Shetland. Material agreeing with var. tetraspora is known from Moray (Coylum Bridge, Aviemore, 10 ix 1984). L. cf. impolita Vellinga & Mueller has been found with Salix repens and S. herbacea on Papa Westray, 20 viii 1992 and S. aurita on Shapinsay, 19 viii 1993. L. affinis is recorded from Clyde (both Chatelherault and L. Nethan). A collection with smaller basidiospores has been found in Sutherland (Ben Hope, 7 ix 1979). Care must be taken to distinguish this species from L. proxima & L. proximella which both have ellipsoid basidiospores q.v.. Commonly called the (Common) Deceiver.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. maritima Sand deceiver In sand-dunes. Previously thought to be the same as the N. American L. trullisata but this is patently untrue. Known only from Moray (Culbin, 9 ix 63, 27 ix 1967 & 19 ix 1999) where it appears to persist although irregularly recorded; last sighting Sept. 1999. A BAPS schedule has been prepared for this fungus (Coppins & Watling)
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. ohiensis This is L. striatula auct. Brit. under which name it is known from Skye and Mull. Also known from Forth (Glen Esk, 3 ix 1955;Torphicen, West Lothian, 3 xi 2000). Material named L. ohiensis recorded from Forth (Doune Ponds near Stirling, 14 viii 1991).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. proxima Scurfy Deceiver Widepsread but less common than L. laccata and probably more restricted in habitat preferences; often in conifer plantations and frequently seen in nursery beds and in pots with conifers. Records from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Forth (Waters of Leith with Betula & Salices, 31 x 1974; Selmuir, 7 x 1967; Bankhead Moss, Ceres, 19 x 2003), Moray (Rothiemurchus, 13 ix 1957), Tweed (Broughton, 28 ix 1958; Dawyck), Dee (Durris Forest with Picea sitchensis, 16 ix 1971) and Tay (Straloch with Salix repens, 12 ix 1978; Salix slacks, 10 x 1965, Tentsmuir; Rannoch, 14 x 1964; Kindrogan). Known from potted Picea Clyde (Homebase Store, Strathendrick, Glasgow, 10 x 1997), with Salix melanostachys Moray (Jack Drake’s nusery near Aviemore, 8 ix 1989) and with Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Forth (RBGdn., Edinb., 19-20 ix 1989. With Salix herbacea Tay (Meall Ghhaordie 2 ix 2003; Moray (Tom o’ Chorinch, Glen Affric, 7 ix 1988, although the latter with only slightly ellipsoid basidiospores). Known from Mainland, Hoy and N. Walls in Orkney, various sites on Mainland, Foula and North Mavine, Shetland, Skye, Rhum, Mull and Colonsay. Sometimes considered purely a variety of L. laccata, as var. moelleri.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. proximella Often synonimised with L. proxima but differs in the density and size of the spines on the basidiospores. Known from several montane sites the main Central massive with Salix herbacea - Tay; Dee and Moray. Known from Tay (Summit of Ben Lawers, 1 ix 1957 & 3 ix 1983 thru’ 23 vi 1990 to 855m.), Dee (Cairnwell, 12 ix 1978 & 27 ix 1983); Beinn Ghlas, Sutherland (Ben Hope, with Arctuous and S. herbacea, 10 vii 1988), Argylle (Buchaille Etive Moor, 17 viii 1980 at 915m.) Moray (Coire na Ciste, 14 x 2000; Breariach, 12 ix 1957 915-920 m. & Cairngorm, 10 ix 1984 and both Coire Domhain & C. Raibeirt, both 15 viii 1984) and Ross (Meall a Bhuiridh, Glen Coe, 13 vii 1988; Beinn Bhan, Kishorn, 13 ix 1967 at 730m; Ciste Dubh Westerness, 22 viii 1980 at 914m.). Also Bealach n Ba 26 ix 2000 and also Fouls and Rogafield, Mainland Shetland with S. herbacea. Also Bressay and Foula and Ronas Hill, Shetland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. purpureobadia Recorded from Tweed (Dawyck), Tay (Dunkeld, 16 ix 1990; in alder carr Reswallie Forfar, 15 ix 1990) and Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000; Rover’s Rd., Dumfriesshire, 14 ix 1993).
TFTaDMSSoCAR L. tortilis Twisted Deceiver In wet places often ditches the small size probably hindering observation and therefore scarcity of records; widespread. On muddy ground Clyde (Loch Nethan) and Forth (Bush Estate), Tay (Scone Palace, under Tilia, 24 viii 1982; Kindrogan, 17 viii 1972; Inver, 27 ix 1975), Moray (Aigas, 4 ix 1988 & Loch Loy, Nairn, 29 ix 1955), Tweed (Gordon viii 2009) and Dee (Dunecht, 19 viii 1964). In ditch Kergord, Shetland, on bare soil, Mull.
TFTaDMSSoCAR M. cucumis Cucumber Cap Widespread but not common and more recently in large troops on wood chip-mulch and then recorded over several years, Tweed (Dawyck 22 ix 1993 thru’ 11 x 2000), Forth ( Fairmilehead, 12 x 1960; RBGdn. Edinburgh; Bush Est. nr. Penicuik, 5 vii 1978), Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), and Tay (Rannoch, 29 ix 1964; Loch Criaglush, 19 ix 1957 and Blair Atholl 27 viii 1968; Kindrogan 25 ix 1979). Known from Arran, Skye. Also Klotzsch material from Pinnemure????? Oct. 1830 in E. Recorded from Forth, Tay and Moray in Stevenson as Agaricus (Naucoria) and in Add. 4 from Tweed. Record from among decayed Picea branches, Glamis, 1 1881 as Naucoria pisciodorus - Tay; see Add. 4. Also record from Tweed in Add. 8 and Clyde in Add 1. Stevenson in Add. 4 indicates that the latter species differs from Ag. cucumis by its spores.