Thelephora penicillata
(cc) BY-NC Dave GenneyTFTaDMSSoCAR G. clavatus Pig’s or Sow’s Ear. Said to have been collected in remnants of the Speyside Caledonian forest but no substantiating material. Single unlocalized collection in Menzies Herb. in E but it may be that the Moray record is based on it.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. abietina Probably the commonest of the coral fungi; in plantations and frequently recorded under Clavaria. Known from Forth (Cammo Pk., Edinb., 5 x 1996), Tay (Tentsmuir, under Picea, 10 x 1965; Blair Atholl, 18 x 1958) and Arran. Some old records in E for Tweed (Macbiehill, Peebleshire, Evans, 1896) and Tay (Johnstone Hall, Forfar, viii 1855; Balmutto, Fife, ix 1822 x 2 collections Greville Herb.). Also collection by G. Watson possibly transmitted to Greville, a collection from the M.C.Cooke Herb. labelled ‘Scotland’ and Klotzsch coll. ‘…..frequens July-Oct. 1830’ Known in Stevenson from all Watersheds incl. Dee & Moray but excepting Sutherland, Solway and Ross. Recorded from Central Highlands as R. ochraceovirens.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. aurea In deciduous woodland. Recent records from Argylle and from Clyde (Creinch, Loch Lomond, x 3 collections as Clavaria lutea, 6 ix 1980). Records in Stevenson from Tay & Clyde. The material from Tay (Perthshire) referred to as R. flavobrunnescens by Reid & Austwick (1963) belongs here.
TFTa?DMSSoCAR R. botrytis Rosso Coral. In deciduous woodland with Fagus & Quercus. Recent record from Argylle, Dennis, 1986. A collection as R.cf. botrytis for Tay (Pass of Killiecrankie, Perthshire, under Quercus, 1 ix 1997).
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. bourdotiana Along disused railway track under hedgerow shrubs in Forth (Davidsons’ Mains, Barnton 1 i 2001 & 22 x 2006). Resembles R. stricta but possesses distinctly smaller spores.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. eumorpha Under conifers. Known as R. invalii from Tay (Blackcraig, Bridge of Caley, 20 viii 1978 & 31 viii 1985).
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. flava In deciduous woodland. Recorded from Tobermory, Mull in 1910 by Cotton; see Cotton & Wakefield, 1919.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. flaccida In conifer woodland. Known from Tay (Kindrogan under conifers, viii 1968) and Moray (Craigellachie, nr. Aviemore, 20 x 2001). Also known from Arran.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. gracilis Known from Sutherland & Moray; localities required.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R. formosa Usually associated with deciduous trees. Recorded from Forth (Lothians) and Tay (Blair Atholl, in pinewood, 25 ix 1956).
TFTaDMSSoCAR ?R. sanguinea Reid &Austwick, 1963 mention a reddening R. flava in Scotland, which possibly is this species. Locality not given.
TFTaDMSSoCAR R stricta Upright Coral. Along tracks and pathways on woody debris, wood-chips and mulch . Recorded from Forth (Vane Farm, viii 2008; Corstorphine Hill, Edinb., ix 2008). ). Recorded in Stevenson from Forth, Tay, Dee, Moray, Clyde & Ross.
Var. alba has been found in Moray (Drumnadrochit, 1908 & 1912).
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. ligula In damp woodland under Betula. Apparently recorded only for Scotland in British Isles. Record from Moray (Rothiemurchus); see Reid & Austwick, 1963 and from Tay (Blackcraig Wd., Bridge of Calley, 16 x 1965). Collection with short description from Dee (Strachan by J. Sim) in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. pistillaris Giant Club. In deciduous woodland; rather rare. Recorded most recently from Tay (Killiecrankie but see below under C. sacchaliensis), Dee (Morrone Wd., 24 ix 1979) and Forth (Calder Wood, under Fagus, 22 ix 1985). Collected at Tay (Killin in 1876) recorded by Stevenson. A Menzies collection from Scotland in E is not C. pistillaris fide A.S.Methven. There is in addition in E an old unlocalized Greville (?) collection.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. sacchalienis Material collected on the Nordic Congree from Killiecrankie in 1983 (check date) was recorded as this taxon with voucher material in personal herbaria. This seems to be the same locality as the previous species had been seen; not recognized as British by the New Check List authors.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. hadriani Sand Stinkhorn. In sand dunes amongst Ammophila and Elymus and known from Forth (South Queensferry) and Tay (St Andrews west Golf Course, 2 x 1962; Tentsmuir, 2 viii 1958). Single inland record from woodland in Forth (Vogrie Co. Park). Very early record prob. of these species occurs in Smith’s early notes; see Watling Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb.1989.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. impudicus Common Stinkhorn In woods, copses, hedgerows, parks and gardens even under garden sheds where the odour has been mistaken for gas-leaks. Often occurring quite early in the year. Records from May thru’ to October or even later. Very common throughout Scotland except in Outer and Northern Isles and then known only from Mull. Under recorded in E. Known from Forth (Wallace Memorial, Stirling, 4 vi 1976; Redhall, East Whitburn viii 1979; Mortonhall, Edinb., x 1878; Binning Wd., xi 1901), Clyde (Falls of Clyde, Ballantyre, Cleghorn Glen, Chatelherault etc.), Tay (Murthley Est., 22 v 2003; Balquihidder, 1 ix 1902), Tweed (Dawyck) and Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000). In Stevenson recorded from all Watersheds except Sutherland, Argylle and Ross. There are two old collections in E a collection from the RBGdn., Edinb., 15 x 1841 by J. Davies and an unlocalized collection in the Menzies Herb.
var. togatus Sometimes the stipe exhibits a frill below the peridial head confusing it with Dictyophora is rather uncommon. Recorded from Clyde
TFTaMSSoCAR M. caninus Dog Stinkhorn. In woodland amongst herbaceous plants. Known from Solway (Glen Cairn, 1 x 2000), Clyde (Chatelherault & Falls of Clyde), Tweed (Dawyck, under Rhododendron, 21 ix 2008), Forth (Edinburgh, in garden, ix 1956; Tyinghamme, ix 1909; Portobello, 18 viii 1953; Dollar Glen around old stump, 9 x 1988; large numbers Dundas Castle woods 1 ix 2007), Tay & Moray. Single record as Cynophallus caninus from Forth (Keir, C.A. Patterson) in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR C. ruber Red Cage. Undoubtedly introduced. In garden Forth (Musselburgh, 10 ix 1996), Tay and Argylle (Kilmelford, 1917 in flower bed). In Stevenson Add 4 recorded from Forth (Tyninghamme, 1881 Miss v. Chambers). As C. cancellatus two old unlocalized collections in E one in Greville Herb., which is probably from Forth and one in Menzies Herb.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. berkeleyi Berkeley’s Earthstar. Unconfirmed Scottish record from Forth (East Lothian); see Palmer Nova Hedw. 15: 65-178, 1968. Unfortunately the data is rather vague and much of it lost. Reid & Austwick 1963 simply say no recent Scottish records.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. corollinum Weathered Earthstar. Rare earthstar; in deciduous woodland on calcareous soil. Single record from Forth (East Lothian). Recorded under the name G. recolligens and in Reid & Austwick, 1963 as G. mammosum.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. coronatum In deciduous woodland on calcareous soils. A few old records from Forth (Haddington & Edinburgh, 1782, Sir J.E.Smith) and Tay (Woodmill, Abdie, J. Heriot). In Stevenson as Geaster limbatus. Recent record from Forth (Tyninghamme, East Lothian, early in year 1952, M. Wilson checked J.T. Palmer). Possibly but rather dubious very old record as Lycoperdon stellatum for Orkney. It is considered that L. stellatum may well refer to Geastrum coronatum q.v. and not Astraeus but both suggestions are surprising for Orkney!
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. elegans Elegant Earthstar. Known as G. badium and recorded in sandy maritime grassland from Forth (as G. striatum: Whitebury Pt., Tyninghamme 5 x 1909); redet J Plamer with notes in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. fornicatum In mixed woodland on fertile soils. Only known from Forth (Yellowcraig, East Lothian, ix 1985).
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. fimbriatum Sessile Earthstar. Occasional and widespread; on base rich soil in deciduous woods and hedgerows. Known from Forth (Orchard Brae Gdns., Edinb. viii 2008; Ravelston railway footpath, iii 2001; Inverleith Park & Warriston Cemetry, Edinb.; Yellowcraig, v 2007; ), Tweed (Peebles, 26 ix 1999; The Mount, Peebles, 3 x 2000) and from Clyde – 4 sites and Tay (Errol Wd., xi 2009): See Pegler, Laessoe & Spooner, 1983.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. lageniforme Flasked Earthstar. As G. saccatum from Forth (Tyninghamme, 6 iii 1984).
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. pectinatum Uncommon but widespread; in deciduous woodland and hedgerows. Known from Tweed (Dawyck 19 iii 2007 & 2006), Forth (Dirleton, xii 1909; Tyninghamme, x 1909; Gullane Bents & Muirfield Golf course under mixed pines, 22 ii 2007; RBGdn., Edinb., 29 x 2006; Craigcrook Rd., Edinb., 10 i 2005; Dean Cemetry, Edinb. xii 2008-10 1 2009, up to 20 basidiomes ), Clyde (Crieinch, Loch Lomond, under Corylus, iv 1980), Tay (Dall, Rannoch, under Taxus, 1 v 1966; Kinloch Rannoch, 9 I 1967) and Argylle. A single unlocalized Edinburgh record within city boundary in E.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. rufescens Uncommon but widespread; along tracks, in hedgerows, margins of woodland. Known from Forth (Greenbank Drive, Edinb., iii 1985; Braidburn Valley Park, v 1994; Zoo, Corstorphine Hill ? 2001; Dean Path, Dean Village and Rocheid Path walled Garden, Edinburgh 2007; Tyninghamme, 4 ix 1984; Blairingone, Clackmannanshire in garden under Acer, 10 xi 1988) and Tay; see map in Pegler, Laessoe & Spooner, 1995. As G. vulgatum from Forth (Edinburgh urban trail, 6 v 1984). A very early collection (1821) in Menzies Herb. in E as G. quadrifidum = G. schaefferi.In Stevenson Add 1. Recorded from Tay (Moncrieffe W.Herd).
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. schmidelii Dwarf Earthstar In sand-dunes. Recent record from Tay (by lighthouse, Barry Links, Buddin Camp Broughty Ferry, 21 xi 2005, P. Gaff). Early record from Tay (Montrose Links & St Cyrus, Rev. Ferguson) in Stevenson and as G. striatus var. minus.
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. striatum Striate Earthstar. Rather rare; in gardens and parkland; also in cool houses. Single site in Tweed; Records from Forth (Dean Cemetry x 2003 & 2006; Yellowcraig, iii 1985; Braidburn Valley Park, iii 2001; Longniddry, in garden 17 vii 2003), Tweed (Melrose, under Crateagus, i 1985; Hawick, in greenhouse, 27 viii 1997), Dee (Crathes Garden, Aberdeenshire, vi 1964 also under 300 year-old Taxus, 26 iii 2001) and Tay (Errol Wd., xi 2009; Dundee in greenhouse. On old commercial compost, 12 x 2006). Also record from Moray (Nethy Bridge, under old Pinus sylvestris c 10 in ring of 70cm diam. Iii 2005 first record in 2004 but found every year since. Known from Tay (Blervie Hill, legit Martin) in Stevenson. Recent records both as G. bryantii from Forth (Beaufort Pk., New Battle, Rev. Gregor, 19 x 1923).
TFTaDMSSoCAR G. triplex Collared Earthstar. Probably the most common Scottish earthstar, certainly in Lowland Scotland but widespread in distribution usually in parks, hedgerows and margins of woods; also records from disused railway in Forth (Corstorphine and Davidson’s Mains both Edinburgh). Known from Forth (Streaton Pond, 12 i 1993; Tyninghamme, 1984, 1994 & 1995 &with Acer pseudoplatanus & pine 6 i 1955, 10 x 1959 & 3 ix 1960; East Linton, under Ulmus, 13 ix 1980; Yellow craigs, 21 iv 1973, 1985 thru’ 1998; Gullane, East Lothian in conifer plantation, 2006; Rocheid Park, Edinburgh; Muirfield Golf course in mixed pine plantation, 22 ii 2007; Edinburgh environs, Silverknowes foreshore several occasions, Hermitage of Braid 1999, Belmont Hse., Corstorphine, xi 199; Roslin Glen iii 2005 & 1 ii 2009, 15 basidiomes; Greenbank Drive, 1985 & 1986, Waters of Leith, Craiglockhart, Colinton,. Currie and Craigielaw nr. Aberlady; Kirkgate, Liberton, 20 ii 2009, 3 patches in front & back garden, 50 plus in all;), Tay (Boarshill, nr. St Andrews and New Park Millin Fraxinus wood, 20 ii 1983).. An interesting record from Forth (Craiglockhart, Edinb. ix 2008 in flower pot in garden).
Apparently no records for this genus in Scotland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. stellatus Shooting Star or Canonball Fungus. On living and dead wood, on sawdust, stumps, straw and grassy debris, on horse dung, rotten Ammophila, sawdust, herbaceous stems and old wood.. Widespread recent records except for Sutherland; apparently diminishing in recent years. Known from Solway (Forest of Ae, 11 x 1985), Forth (Seed pit RBGdn., Edinb., 13 iii 1963; Balerno, decaying Ulmus wood, 3 i 1953; Gifford, on sawdust, 25 ix 1965; Saltoun Wd., East Lothian, legit Young, 1 x 1938), Moray (Aviemore Youth Hostel, fallen wood, 21 viii 2005; Coylum Bridge on rabbit pellets), Skye, on cow dung Mull, Rhum and Kintyre. On rotten Sambucus, East Burra, Shetland and on dung and Caltha in ditch Mainland, Shetland. A Greville collection in E from Forth (Foxhall, ix 1824). Known in Stevenson from all Watersheds incl. Tweed, Dee, Clyde, Argylle & Ross but excepting Sutherland and Solway.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. fuligineoalbum Drab Tooth. Restricted to remnants of the Caledonian forest, associated with Pinus sylvestris. Known from Moray (Rothiemurchus, 16 ix 1957 & 27 viii 1998; Tomich, ix 1957; Coylum Bridge, 16 ix 1957; Pollanbuidhe, 3 ix 1954; Culbin Forest, 6 ix 1988 & 21 x 2001; Abernethy, 17 ix 1995), Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 11 x 1968,14 ix 1978 & 20 ix 1975; Black Wd., Rannoch, 8 ix 1953 thru’ ix 1997; Loch Rannoch, 15 x 1967) and Dee (Inverey, 3 ix 1985), In Stevenson as Hydnum fragile and recorded from Tay and Moray. Attacked by Calcarisporium arbuscula Moray (Culbin Sands, 18 ix 2003). See Gurney, Field Mycologist8, 2007
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. violascens Violet Tooth. Recently recorded for Scotland associated with planted Picea. Known from Moray (Loch Morlich, Rothiemurchus, 22 vii 1996) and Dee (Inverey Wood., Aberdeenshire, 1 ix 2002). Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. ? atratus Single site in Moray (Abernethy, 5 ix 2001) in gravel scrappings associated with Pinus sylvestris. Comes close to P. niger but more bright mauve and purple colouration especially at pileus-margin. This is an undescribed species not conspecific with the North American taxon, indeed it encompasses records of P. niger see below
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. confluens Fused Tooth. With Quercus, Fagus and Castanea, less frequently with Betula and Pinus. Known from Mull, Tay (Comrie, 7 viii 2006 & subseq. 2009) and Moray (Abernethy, 6 ix 1973). Not in Stevenson.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. melaleucus With Pinus sylvestris especially in remnant Caledonian forest.. Known from Mull and Moray (Coylum Bridge, 3 ix 2001; Nethy Bridge, 20 ix 1998; Dell, Abernethy, 6 xi 1993 thru’ 17 ix 1995; Culbin Forest, 23 x 1996). In Stevenson as Hydnum graveolens and noted for Moray and Solway and later in Add 1. with description from Moray (Forres, 1879). See Gurney, Field Mycologist 8, 2007. When young this species has lilac tones but care must be carried out as in the south of England a similar yet slightly yellowish undescribed species occurs.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. niger Black Tooth. With Fagaceae less frequently with pines. Known from Mull. Not in Stevenson but added in Add. 9 for Moray (Rothiemurchus). Abernethy, see Gurney, Field Mycologist 8, 2007.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. tomentosus Woolly Tooth. In remnants of Caledonian forest associated with Pinus sylvestris. Known from Moray (Culbin Forest, 23 ix 1996; Loch Garten, 27 ix 1996; Rothiemurchus, 27 ix 1996; Coylum Bridge, 28 viii 1997; Abernethy, 6 & 7 ix 1991 & 17 ix 1994), Dee (Inverery, nr. Braemar, 24 ix 1974) and Tay (Black Wd., Rannoch, 1 x 1977). In Stevenson with short description as Hydnum cyathiforme and recorded from Moray (Rothiemurchus Rev. Keith). See Gurney, Field Mycologist 8 2007.
TFTaDMSSoCAR B. perplexa Restricted to remnants of Caledonian forest associated with Pinus sylvestris. Recently described and separated from B. leucomelanea under which name it was previously recorded; See Watling & Milne, J. Scot. Bot. 58, 2007. Known on sandy mineral soils from Dee (Inverey Wd., nr. Braemar, 11 iv 2001 & 9 x 2004) and Moray (Loch an Eilean, 11 ix 1963). Recorded with description in Stevenson as Polyporus leucomelas from Moray (Aviemore, Rothiemurchus ix 1876 & 1901 & x 1906 A. Grant).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. aurantiacum Orange Tooth. Recorded from Moray (Nethy Bridge, 28 viii 1997, Abernethy, 7 ix 1991) and as Hydnum compactum from Moray (Aviemore, 17 ix 1927). Recorded with short description in Stevenson for Moray (Grantown Rev. Keith). See Gurney, Field Mycologist 8, 2007.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. auratile Gold Tooth. A recently described species recorded from Moray. The records have been questioned. See Dickson & Emmet. The Mycologist.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. caeruleum Blue Tooth. Known to be associated with Pinus sylvestris in remnant Caledonian forest. Known from Moray (Coylum Bridge, 30 vii 1995; Glen Strathfarrer, viii 1973; Dell, Abernethy, 6 & 7 ix 1991 & 17 ix 1995) and Dee (Inverey, nr. Braemar, 24 viii 1995) and with Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Moray (Dalwhinnie). Not in Stevenson unless known from Tay, Dee and Moray.under the name Hydnum compactum, a common misinterpretation. See Gurney, Field Mycologist, 8 2007.
‘H. compactum’ No evidence for this species in Scotland although records exist for H. acre which Reid & Austwick, 1963 synonimize with H. compactum, Probably only H. aurantiacum or even H. caeruleum. Early records under this name from Moray and material labelled as such in Klotzsch Herb. in E Ad terram in pinetis prope Aviemore August 1830- withdet slip suggests H. mirabile q.v..
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. concrescens Zoned Tooth. With Quercus. Known from Tay (Comrie, 7 viii 2006 & subseq. 2009; Black Wd., Rannoch, 1 x 1978 and as H. ferrugineum 6 x 1953) and Moray (Loch Morlich as H. cyathiforme, 12 ix 1957). Probably includes H. velutinum from Moray (Glen Strathfarrer, viii 1973;) and Tay (Black Wd., Rannoch, 26 viii 1957). Known from Mull. In Stevenson as Hydnum zonatum from Tay. Dee and Moray. McKenzie’s material from Tay is deposited in Perth Museum. Fresh material needs to be examined in detail as collections, which go under this name, can be split into a fulvous form from southern England and a more pinkish form that has a wider distribution.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. cumulatum Collections from Moray (Loch Mallachie). Further information is required.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. ferrugineum Mealy Tooth. In remnant Caledonian forest with Pinus sylvestris. Known from Moray (Glen Strathfarrer, 18 ix 1998; Glen Affric, 17 ix 1994; Rothiemurchus, 18 ix 1995 & 27 viii 1998; Loch an Eilean, 30 viii 1987, 28 ix 1989 & 15 ix 200; Coylum Bridge, 28 viii 1997) and Tay (Dall, Rannoch, 21 ix 1995). Introduced in Stevenson with description of material from Moray (Rothiemurchus, Rev. Keith).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. gracilipes Known from Moray (under Pinus sylvestris, Abernethy).
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. mirabile see H. peckii below and H. compactum above where an old record of Klotzsch in E may belong. Record from Moray (Abernethy & poss. old record from Forres by Keiyth noted as H. acre by Stevenson Add 4); see Gurney, Field Mycologist 8 2007.
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. peckii Devil’s tooth. With Pinus sylvestris; widespread in favourable sites. Known from Moray (Culbin Sands, 21 ix 1962 & 23 ix 1996; Loch an Eilean, 6 ix 1958 thru’ 18 ix 1973; Coylum Bridge, 30 vii 1995 & 28 viii 1998; Lower Tullochgruie, 9 ix 1954; Rothiemurchus 3 viii 1987; Abernethy, 29 ix 1974;; Glen Strathfarrer, 20 ix 1985), Tay ( Black Wd., Rannoch, 28 viii 1968) and Dee (Glerntanar, 5 ix 1975). Hydnellum diabolus recorded from Moray (Aviemore, 19 ix 1927) and Dee (Glen Tanar) is referable here. See Gurney Field Mycologist 8 2007. Not in Stevevson but early records of Hydnum acre from the bitter taste, may belong here; this fungus is recorded in Stevenson Add 4 with description from Moray (Forres, Rev. Keith) but is something different even H. mirabile q.v..
TFTaDMSSoCAR H. scrobiculatum Ridged Tooth. Associated with conifers or Quercus & Castanea. Recorded from Moray (Abernethy, see Gurney Field Mycologist 8 2007). Introduced with short description in Stevenson from Moray (Grantown & Rothiemurchus Rev. Keith) and Tay (Rannoch, Buchanan White).. This taxon in its strictest sense does not appear to be in Scotland; an undescribed species may with larger spores and distinct ornamentation from Scotland exists amongst the collections assignable to potentially four distinct UK taxa!
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. mucidula Collection from Ulva ex K. Record from Mull on Larix.
TFTaDMSSoCAR P. tristis Possibly recorded in Stevenson as Thelephora biennis from Tay (Balnamoon, Rev. Anderson).
FTTaD?MSSoCAR S. glaucopus Greenfoot Tooth. Rare; occurs in remnant Caledonian forest with Pinus sylvestris. Known from several sites in Moray (Coylum Bridge, Aviemore, 3 ix 2000; Abernethy, 17 ix 1995 & 9 ix 1990 thru’ 13 ix 1996) and Dee.? See Gurney Field Mycologist 8 2007.
TFTaDMSSoCAR ? S. leucopus Recorded with short description as Hydnum laevigatum in Stevenson from Tay (Rannoch, Buchanan White) but this is doubtful. See Watling.
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. scabrosus Bitter Tooth. Recorded in Stevenson for Moray (Forres 1879).
TFTaDMSSoCAR S. squamosus In remnant Caledonian forest with Pinus sylvestris although also found with planted trees and in plantations. Previously confused with and recorded for Scotland as S. imbricatus, Scaly Tooth, a species associated with Picea. See Watling & Milne, Bot. J. Scotland 2005. Records from Moray (Inchriach Forest, Kinguisse, 13 ix 2001; Coylum Bridge, 9 ix 1957, 12 ix 1975 & 3 ix 2000; Rothiemurchus, 16 ix 1957 & 9 ix 1993; Abernethy 20 ix 1995; Nethy Bridge, ix 1982; Loch Garten, 11 ix 1998; Loch an Eilean, 1 & 15 ix 2001; Culbin Forest, ix 1995), Tay (Tentsmuir, ix 1991; Black Wd., Rannoch, 8 x 1967; Strathearn 27 ix 1985) and Ross (Dalreoch Forest, 25 viii 1992). In Stevenson recorded from Argylle, Tay, Dee & Moray. See Gurney Field Mycologist 8 2007.
?TFTaD?MS?So?C?A?R T. anthocephala Rare; on soil in woodlands. Known from Mull, Forth (Penicuik est., 2 x 1954; Saltoun Wd., East Lothian, 23 viii 1986; Roslin, 3 x 1970) and Tay (Straloch, 22 viii 1970; Black Craig Bridge of Cally, 29 viii 1976). Recorded in Stevenson for Dee (Crathes, J.Sim).
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. caryophylla Rare; on soil in woodland but in Forth (temperate glasshouse, RBGdn., Edinb. 1 xii 1972). Recorded in Stevenson from Forth, Tay & Dee and as T. laciniata from all Watersheds incl. Tweed, Moray, Solway, Clyde, Argylle & Ross but excepting Sutherland. It is almost certain the latter are records referring to T. terrestris q.v. Some old records in E as Helvella caryophylla or Boletus labrynthiformis = laciniata Brodie Mycol, Herb., 1830; unlocalised material as caryophylla, Menzies Herb., and two Greville collections, viz. laciniata Balmutto, legit McIntosh and Kinnordy Castle, 1822. Also two Klotzsch collections in E dated ‘Aug.-Oct. 1830’ and ‘Sept. 1830’.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. palmata Stinking Earthfan. Uncommon; on acidic soil under conifers and/or Pinus. Known from Moray (Knockander, Inverness, 20 ix 1967; Aviemore, 19 viii 1927), Dee (Dinnett, 28 ix 1963 et subseq.), Tay (Black Craig, Bridge of Cally, 17 viii 1973 thru’ 29 viii 1996), Tweed (Bowhill, 18 ix 1994), Forth (Fife, K.Cohen 15 viii 2001 grid ref.) and Clyde (Chatelherault), Skye, Arran and Mull (Scot. Nat. 6, 220). Also several early collections in E (Dunning Glen, Corb. Bridge, 28 ix 1887), Greville Herb. for Clyde (nr. Glasgow as Merismodes. foetida) and for Forth (Balmutto, legit Miss Bothwell). In addition two Klotzsch collections as Merismodes foetida labelled ‘Dr. Hooker nr. Cairngorm Aug. 1830’ and Highlands July 1830’. In Stevenson recorded from all Watersheds except Sutherland, Ross, Argylle & Solway. Argylle added in Add, 4.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. penicillata Rare; on soil in wet woodland; only recent record from Tay (Blackcraig, Bridge of Cally, 5 ix 1982. In Stevenson recorded as T. mollissima from Tay (Glamis & Ballinluig), a name and record maintained by Reid & Austwick, 1963. Possibly this is the T. intybacea noted in Stevenson and recorded for Tay (Warren Wd., Glamis, 1875).
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. terrestris Common Earthfan. Common on mineral soils especially on tracks in plantations; also known from soil with potted plants. Known from Forth (Saltoun Wd., East Lothian, 16 viii 1954; Thruipmuir, 20 x 1953; Roslin N R. St. Forestry Comm. with Pinus contorta, 24 I 1980; RBGdn, Edinb. in pots with conifers)), Argylle (Ben More Younger Bot., Gdn., with Pseudotsuga, viii 1934), Moray (Culbin Forest, x 1954), Tay (Stormont Loch, Blairgowrie, under Pseudotsuga, 23 viii 1953; Kindrogan, 19 viii 1966), Tweed (Neidpath Plant. Nr. Galshiels, 15 ix 1958), Clyde (Chatelherault), Tay (Black Craig., Bridge of Cally; Tentsmuir, fixed dune system, 4 & 9 x 1965 ), Moray (Culbin Sands; Granton on Spey, under Pinus sylvestris, 26 viii 2005; ditto Uath Lochan, 24 viii 2005; Stratherrick with Picea, 10 x 1997) and Ross ( Evanton, x 1991). Records from Skye, Mainland Shetland with Pinus & Picea, Fair Isle, Hoy Orkney, Rhum, Mull incl. Knockroy 1968 & Ulva, Jura. Also early unlocalized collection from A, Jerdon a Berwickshire collector. Surprisingly only recorded in Stevenson for Tweed, Forth & Tay but it is almost certain that the records noted under T. laciniata above (generally synonimized with T. caryophylla) belong here.
f. resupinata Frequently a resupinate form is found with or without the more typical form. Termed ‘Smother’ it is known on young Picea abies plants (Fositer, 1958); also collection from Aros, Mull.
It has been suggested that the record in Stevenson from Tay (Warren Wd., Glamis labelled T. intybacea) belongs here but material no longer exists; the record is accompanied by a short description.
Material has been found growing in Block 6 associated with potted plants of Pinus brutia, P. khusia, P. keysia and P. yunnanensis iiii thru’ vi 1979 at RBGdn., Edinb..- Forth. See Downie and Watling Bull BMS.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. bryophila Known from Tweed (Dawyck, on Fagus branch, 13 ix 2004 & 23 xi 2009) and on Populus Hoy, Orkney.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. castanea in Reid & Austwick, 1963. Record from J. Warcup for Forth 1975.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. cinerascens Known from Moray (Easterness); more information required
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. coerulea Known from Tay (Mid-Perthsire) but more information required.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. crinialis A recent record from Forth (Ormiston Hall, on ? Prunus laurocerasus in shrubbery, 5 x 2009). As Hydnum ferruginosum in Stevenson from Forth (Edinburgh Greville); this was formerly Caldesiella
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. ellisii As T. hydrophila on Salix Loch Don Head, Mull and Eigg as T. livida; also material in K record to be sourced.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. ferruginea Known from Tweed (as T. fusca on living and dead Pseudotsuga and Larix leptolepis GlenTress, xi 1928). In Stevenson as Corticium ferrugineum from Moray (Altyre, on branches, Rev. Keith))
Subsp. fuscella Collection from Ross (Applecross 10 vi 1947, Dennis) fide Larsen.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. fibrillosa Possibly occurs in Scotland; see Check List authors.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. fuscocinerea Probably recorded in Stevenson from Tay (Warren Wd., Glamis) as Thelephora caesia although there is some debate as to the true identity of material. See Wakefield TBMS 1969, 204. Recorded as such in Reid & Austwick, 1963.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. hydrophila On Salix Mull.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. italica This a is based on an old collection as Caldesiella italica from Clyde (Strathclyde).
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. lateritia Known from Moray (Easterness) according to Check List authors.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. microspora Known on Larix branch from Tweed (Balcanes legit M. Wilson).
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. pilosa Recorded from Scotland according to Check List authors.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. punicea Recorded from Scotland according to Check List authors.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. radicosa As T. fusca var. radiosa in Reid & Austwick, 1963. More details required.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. stuposa Recorded from (Binning Wd., East Lothian 15 ix 2007) and as T. hoehnelii from Colonsay on Alnus
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. sublilacina Known from Forth as T. albomarginata (Blinkbonny Av., Edinburgh, on Cistus laurifolius 30 ix 2004; on conifer bark, Hermand Wd. 2 viii 2009; on soil about base of Fagus, Inverleith Pk., 20 ix 2009). Also known from Barra and Colonsay on Alnus.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. subtestacea This collection as T. cf. galzinii in willow thicket Shetland.
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. echinospora Known from Tay (Struan Wd., Calvine, 22 ix 1985).
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. submollis Isolated from roots of Pinus sylvestris from Dee (Glentanar, ix 2001).
TFTaDMSSoCAR T. zygodesmoides Recorded from Scotland according to Check List authors; records to source.