Professor of Legal Anthropology at Faculty of Law Brawijaya University, Malang (East Java), Indonesia. He has been charging as Chairman of Post Graduate School of Law Brawijaya University. He graduated in law from Brawijaya University, and earned his Masters of Law from Gadjah Mada University of Yogyakarta. In 1989 he participated shortcourse on Legal Anthropology at Leiden University, the Netherlands under the supervision of Prof.Dr. Franz von Benda-Beckmann. He finished his Doctoral Program on Legal Anthropology in Indonesia University of Jakarta in 2001.