USE OF ENGLISH

USE OF ENGLISH

1. Stop to do sth / stop doing sth

Stop to do sth.- He stopped to have a coffee (he stopped the car and he had a coffee)

Stop doing sth.- to give up doing sth (he stopped smoking because his doctor told him it was not very healthy)

2. Giving examples: for example, // for instance // like // such as

3. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

Dolphins are not the only animals (1) ______________ humans that use sounds in an apparently intelligent manner. Whales also use a complex system of sounds (2) ______________ is similar in many ways to a human language. One type of whale even sings, and its songs can (3) ______________ on for as long as three or four hours. What is more, they can be heard under water at (4) ______________ of more than 300 kilometres. After analysing one of these songs with the aid of a computer, Carl Sagan said (5) ______________ at least a million ‘bits’ of information. This is approximately the same (6) ______________ of ‘bits’ as in a long poem like the Odyssey.

Chimpanzees also use a system of different sounds to communicate with each (7) ______________. One type of cry (8) ______________to mean something like ‘danger in the air’ or ‘big bird’ and another apparently means ‘danger on the ground’ or ‘snake’. When they (9) ______________ the first cry, they hide under trees or in holes and look up at the sky. The second cry causes them to hide in the upper (10) ______________ of trees and to stare nervously at the grass.

Chimpanzees are also (11) ______________ of learning sign language. So are gorillas. One chimp called Washoe learned to (12) ______________ about 160 separate signs meaning (13) ______________ things as ‘Give me a drink’ and ‘banana’. Washoe even (14) ______________ to swear. She had a teacher called Jack (15) ______________ once refused to give her a drink. Washoe (16) ______________ angrier and angrier and used several signs which (17) ______________ ‘dirty Jack’!

A group of chimps at a research institute in Atlanta, Georgia, have recently (18) ______________ taught to type sentences, using a kind of computer. The chimps’ trainer was called Tim, and he kept correcting the (19) ______________ one of the chimps made. The chimp obviously wanted Tim to stop (20) ______________ him and typed out the following request: ‘Tim, please leave the room!’

Here are the missing words in case you don’t know the answers. More than one alternative is possible, anyway.

Got , such , learned , other , correcting , contained , distances , make/use , been , besides , branches , seems/appears , who , mistakes , capable , number/amount , hear , go , meant , which/that

4. Fill in the numbered gaps with appropriate words (only one word is required in each space).

It was the middle of the night. Under the blanket, Sophie waited. After a minute or (1) ______________ , she lifted a (2) _______________ of the blanket and peeped out.

For the second time that night her blood (3) ______________ to ice and she wanted to scream, (4) ______________ no sound came out. There at the window, with the curtains pushed aside, was the enormous long face of the Giant Person, staring (5) ______________ . The flashing black eyes were fixed on Sophie’s bed.

The (6) ______________ moment, a huge hand with pale fingers came in slowly (7) ______________ the window.(8) ______________ was followed by an arm as thick as a tree trunk, and the arm, the hand, and the fingers were (9) ______________ across the room towards Sophie’s bed.

This time Sophie really (10) ______________ to scream, but (11) ______________ for a second because (12) ______________ quickly the huge hand came down over her blanket and the scream smothered (13) ______________ the bed clothes.

Sophie, hiding underneath the blanket, (14) ______________ strong fingers grasping hold of her, and (15) ______________ she was lifted up (16) ______________ her bed, blanket and all, and pulled out of the window.

(17) ______________ you can think of (18) ______________ more terrifying than that happening to (19) ______________ in the middle of the night, then let’s hear about (20) ______________ .

5. Rewrite these sentences using the beginnings given.

1. It is a long time since he last visited us. He hasn’t...

2. It is too cold to go swimming today. It isn’t ...

3. I’d rather stay at home than go to a bad film. I prefer ...

4. ‘Isn’t it a beautiful day?’ exclaimed George. ‘What ....’ exclaimed George.

5. Although he felt ill, Jeremy still went to bed. In spite ...

6. The meal was so awful that they refused to pay the bill. It was ...

7. Are you still doing your homework? Haven’t you ...

8. ‘Anne, what about staying for dinner?’ Jane said. Jane invited ...

9. Somebody will steal your bicycle unless you lock it. Your bicycle ....

10. I’ve never been to a safari park before. This is the first time ...

11. ‘I did not take the money’ said Simon. Simon denied ....

Solutions

6. Fill in the gaps with these modal verbs: MAY, SHOULD, MUST and WILL . And then tell me which one is (a) a reasonable conclusion , (b) a piece of advice , (c) asking for permission , (d) a possibility in the future, saying perhaps something will happen , (e) a future simple as part of a real conditional , (f) obligation or necessity , (g) something that will almost certainly happen, as long as nothing unexpected prevents it , (h) polite request.

1. It ______________ rain tomorrow. I'm not sure.

2. ______________ I open the window?

3. The tour of the city ______________be leaving in a few minutes.

4. You ______________be careful when you go out at night.

5. You ______________be very tired after all that walking.

6. Visitors to the Alhambra ______________ leave the site before 8 p.m.

7. How long ______________ the tour take?

8.______________ you give this to my parents, please?

9. What? You say you can't see those lights in the sky? You ______________ be blind!

10. If it's raining, you ______________ take an umbrella with you.

11. Excuse me, but ______________ I ask you a very personal question?

12. I can't be sure, but I ______________be late this evening. So don't wait for me.

13. If I see George tomorrow, I ______________ give him your message.

14. Listen! You really ______________ give this to Mary! It's very important!

15. The train ______________ be here any minute now, but you never know.

16. Excuse me, but ______________ you take this to the post office for me, please?

7. What would you say in the situations below? Use these modal verbs: MAY, SHOULD, MUST and WILL.

1. Ask your boss for permission to leave the office early tomorrow.

2. Advise your friend to study harder.

3. You are a doctor. Tell a patient it is absolutely necessary to take all the medicine.

4. Someone asks you the time. You haven't got a watch, but you're sure it's ten o'clock.

5. Someone asks you if it will rain tomorrow. You don't know, but it is possible.

6. Your phone is ringing. You're busy. Ask a friend politely to answer it.

7. You are on a plane and want to know the arrival time in Paris. Ask the stewardess.

8. You are the stewardess. Say the plane will almost certainly arrive at 12.10 if nothing goes wrong.

8. Fill in the gaps with only one appropriate word.

The job sounded interesting: with a fashion house (1) _________ the city centre. The telephone conversations I (2) __________ had with them were relaxed and friendly, and the letter from the boss had also been friendly (3) __________ . He had invited me to visit the office and join some of them for lunch. The appointment was (4) _________ twelve o’clock.

I naturally thought long and hard about (5) ____________ to wear. In the fashion business, of course, you were expected to be smart. The question was (6) ___________ to be businesslike, or fashionable. There was something (7) ___________ to think about, too. I had to get there (8) _____________ train and bus. The journey was over two hours, and that affects the clothes you choose.

In the end, I decided (9) ____________ wear my most expensive clothes. These were a pair of boots, a pair of fashion jeans which had cost me a week’s salary, a hand-made sweater and a coat. I was not (10) __________ satisfied with my appearance, but at (11) ____________ everything was new and expensive.

In fact, I realized (12) ____________ my arrival that I had chosen exactly the wrong clothes. The men in the office (13) _____________ wearing dark suits and ties. The women were in business suits.

The boss was just (14) ___________ friendly as his letter had been. We looked (15) _____________ the offices, chatted about the business, and finally went out for lunch. They had chosen a smart restaurant nearby, where the boss was (16) _________ well known. The restaurant manager greeted him (17) ____________ name. Then he caught sight of me. He shook his head apologetically, and smiled. Sorry, he said, the house rules were quite (18) ______________. No one in jeans would be admitted.

I (19) _____________ the way out, and we started looking for somewhere (20) ___________ to eat.

SOLUTIONS TO THE EXERCISE

9. Rewrite these sentences using a different structure by saying the same (the beginnings are given):

1. It is too cold to go swimming today. >>>>> It isn't .......

2. It is a long time since he last visited us. >>>>> He hasn't .......

3. I'd rather stay at home than go to a bad film. >>>>> I prefer .......

4. 'Isn't it a beautiful day?' exclaimed George. >>>>> 'What .......'

5. Although he felt ill, Jeremy still went to work. >>>>> In spite .......

6. The meal was so awful that they refused to pay the bill. >>>>> It .......

7. Are you still doing your homework? >>>>> Haven't you .......

8. 'Anne, what about staying for dinner?' Jane said. >>>>> Jane invited .......

9. Somebody will steal your bicycle unless you lock it. >>>>> Your bicycle .......

10. I've never been to a safari park before. >>>>> This is the first time .......

11. 'I did not take the money,' said Simon. >>>>> Simon denied .......

Solutions to the exercise

10. WISHES AND REGRETS >>>> Finish each sentence so that it means more or less the same thing as the one before it:

1. It didn't snow in Salobreña yesterday. >>>> I wish.....

2. I'm sorry I haven't got a lot of money. >>>>> If only.......

3. What a pity I don't have the answer to that question. >>>>> I wish.......

4. I'm sorry I have to work in this terrible place. >>>>> If only.......

5. I'm sorry that I can't help you. >>>>> I wish.......

6. I'd like to be rich, but I'm not. >>>>> If only .......

7. Don't you think it's a pity you can't drive? >>>>> Don't you wish.......?

8. I'm sorry I can't speak English perfectly. >>>>> I wish .......

Solutions to the exercise

11. Fill in the numbered gaps with appropriate words. Here are 10 of the missing words: way , client , from , to , complaining , accompanied , made , food , about , except

A 72-year-old widow, Mrs Frances Smith, pleaded (1) ______________ yesterday to causing unnecessary suffering (2) _______________ seventeen of the forty-four poodles which she kept in her small three-bedroomed house in the village of Wheatley.

The court was told that Mrs Smith's neighbours began (3) ______________ to her more than six months ago about the dogs and the conditions in (4) ______________ they were kept. However, she (5) ______________ to do anything about it. Finally, one of the neighbours, (6) ______________ to put up with the noise of the dogs barking all night, called in the RSPCA (Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals).

An RSPCA inspector, (7) ______________ by a police officer, called on Mrs Smith last month and told her (8) ______________ the complaints. She claimed that she had only thirty dogs and they were all (9) ______________ looked after very well. However, when a search was (10) ______________, it turned out that she had forty-four dogs, all of whom were in very poor condition, suffering (11) ______________ neglect and malnutrition.

The RSPCA inspector, Mr Tom Watson, told the court that seventeen of the dogs were in (12) ______________ a poor state that they had to be destroyed. All the others (13) ______________ one were found good homes. Mr James Douglas, defending Mrs Smith, said that she (14) ______________ never intended to harm the animals in any (15) ______________ . 'This case calls for understanding (16) ______________ than punishment. My (17) ______________ is a lonely confused old woman (18) ______________ only companions were her dogs. Her only (19) ______________ was a small pension, almost all of which she used to purchase (20) ______________ for them,' he said.

Solutions

12. Finish the second sentence without changing the meaning.

1. 'Is Mary having a party on Friday?', he asked. He asked.....

2. 'Why didn't you make an appointment earlier?', the doctor asked. The doctor asked her....

3. Do they allow you to smoke in British cinemas? Is.......?

4. 'I have made a mistake,' he said. He admitted....

5. Please, don't play your music so loudly. Would you mind.....?

6. Alcohol is bad for you and so are cigarettes. Neither.........

7. 'How many times have you been to Spain?', they asked me. They asked me......

8. I'm going to take the car this evening, all right? You don't mind if .............................?

9. Do you mind if I open the window? Would it ................?

10. 'Please, bring me another cup of coffee,' I said to the waiter. I asked........

Solutions

13. Match the sentences in A with the sentences in B.

A B

1. I wish you had phoned me. a. I'm upset because you lied to me.

2. I wish you would phone me. b. Don't lie to me!

3. I wish you hadn't lied to me. c. Please phone me.

4. I wish you wouldn't lie to me. d. I'm upset because you didn't phone me.

14. Rewrite the following sentences beginning with 'I WISH....'.

1. I'm sorry I said that. 2. Don't ask me so many questions. 3. I'm upset because you asked that question. 4. Don't make that noise! 5. I'm sorry I did that. 6. Please, don't do that! 7. I'm sorry I didn't get here earlier. 8. Don't say things like that! 9. I'm upset because you said that. 10. I'm upset because you did that. 11. I'm sorry I asked that question.

1. Today is ........... (A the wedding day of Beryl. B the day of Beryls wedding. C Beryl's wedding day. D Beryl's day of wedding.)

2. She ............. to Harry. (A just has been married B has just married C was just married D has just been married)

3. Now they .................. to a reception. (A are going B go C will be D are all)

4. Receptions are held so that the two families can get ................ and congratulate the couple. (A together B each other C assembled D themselves)

5. Beryl and Harry hope the reception ............... be too long. (A can't B won't C wouldn't D may not)

6. In fact, they wish it ................ over already. (A will be B was C were D had been)

7. Then they ............ be able to go on their honeymoon. (A ought B can C would D could)

8. Most people enjoy weddings, but .............. don't. (A those B few C more D others)

9. Beryl's mother .............. all through the wedding. (A would be crying B has cried C had been cried D had been crying)

10. Perhaps she remembered .................. to her own wedding. (A to go B having to go C going D she went)

11. On her next anniversary she ........... married for 25 years. (A will be B will have been C has been D is being)

12. She recalls her wedding was ............. (A more bigger B much more big C the most biggest D much bigger)

13. Most weddings in England ............. in church. (A used to perform B used to be performed C are used to perform D were used to being performed)

14. But now there are ................ before. (A more than B as much as C fewer than D lesser than)

15. ............... people go to Registry Offices. (A Although B Unless C When D Instead)

16. Even on Sundays, fewer people go to .............. church than before. (A the B a C -- D that)

17. English couples don't give ............ rings at weddings. (A each other B the other C themselves D those two)

18. .............. the bride a ring. (A The man gives only B The only man gives C Only to the man gives D Only the man gives)

19. ............ rice and confetti at the married couple is a custom in England. (A Throwing B When you throw C To throw D Having thrown)

20. This is .................. assure happiness and prosperity for them. (A perhaps B supposed to C to make D so to)

21. Confetti is coloured paper ........... into small shapes. (A is cut B which cuts C that is being cut D which is cut)

22. The rice ............. is not cooked. (A , therefore, B , of course, C , nevertheless, D although)

23. The two cousins of the bride ............. have got boiled rice from a Chinese takeaway. (A because B , although, C , however, D so)

24. "Let's roll it into little balls, ................?", said one. (A shall we B don't we C can we D shan't we)

25. They wanted ........... the rice at the guests with their catapults. (A shoot B to shoot C shooting D shot)

26. But their faher .............. suddenly appeared. (A who had been looking for them B , who had looked for them, C , who had been looking for them, D was looking for them)

27. He is ............ them. (A to catch B about catching C about to catch D catching about)

28. He will take their catapults .............. (A off. B from. C out. D away.)

29. Then he may ............ them. (A to punish B punishing C have punished D punish)

30. But ............... he does, they will probably carry on being mischievous. (A despite B even if C as if D however)

31. A photographer ........... was taking photos of the group. (A worked for the local paper B which worked for the local paper C has worked for the local paper D who works for the local paper)

32. "Get closer together," the photographer ............. them. (A said B told C informed D explained)

33. "Now, ............. all smile, please?", he asked. (A may you B do you C shall you D can you)

34. The vicar was standing ............... the bridegroom. (A after B behind C back from D behind of)

35. He thought, "............... Harry from the time he was a boy." (A I've known B I'd know C I knew D I'd have known)

36. He was happy Harry .............. such a nice girl. (A married B has married C did marry D had married)

37. Some guests ............ for the reception. (A left already B had been left already C had already left D having already left)

38. They felt the sooner they got there, .............. they could eat and drink. (A the more B the most C more D more than)

39. They were ............ the others. (A greedy than B more greedier than C more greedy than D so greedy as)

40. If they had stayed, they .................. in the photograph. (A should be B were to have been C could have been D had been)

Solutions to the exercises

1. Now that the weekend had come, Peter felt like ................... (A relaxed B to relax C being relaxed D relaxing)

2. He .................. hard all week. (A worked B had been working C was working D did work)

3. "It's a nice day for a walk," he said to Poosk, ........................ (A the little dog of his B it's a little dog C his little dog D the little dog of him)

4. Dogs usually ..................... walks, don't they? (A like B are liking C liked D don't like)

5. Peter is lucky; he lives ........................ (A at the country B in a country C at the countryside D in the country)

6. He has only to step outside his door and he is among ..................... hills. (A gently green B gentle, green C gentle green D green, gentle)

7. Peter and Poosk walked ............ five miles. (A at B - C along D the)

8. ............... Peter grew tired. (A At the latest B At latest C At least D At last)

9. He did something ................ he often enjoyed. (A of which B what C and that D that)

10. He sat .................. the grass and began to daydream. (A onto B in C down D on)

11. " .......................... a seat," he told Poosk. (A Do you have B Do have C Have you had D You are having)

12. Poosk didn't need .................... twice. (A asking B being asked C asked D be asked)

13. She ................. down and soon fell asleep. (A lied B lay C laid D lain)

14. She was even ........................ Peter. (A the same tired B more tired than C as tired like D tired as)

15. There were .......... clouds in the sky. (A any B as many C a few D every)

16. It was ........... day they had had that summer. (A as warmer a B the warmest C as a warm D a warmer)

17. ....................... he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky. (A Until B Since C While D During)

18. He thought he .................... see a rabbit. (A would B could C must D did)

19. It looks very realistic, ...................... ? (A isn't it B is it C doesn't it D does it)

20. Peter ................ more comfortable. (A made him B made himself C made to be D himself made)

Solutions in this post: Unfortunately, not a good time for live music

21. "If I shut my eyes," he thought, "................... asleep." (A I'll fall B I'd fallen C I'm falling D I was falling)

22. As he watched, .................. cloud appeared. (A an other B that other C another D any other)

23. ........................ looked like the head of an American Indian. (A This one B One C Which one D The one)

24. He seems to be ferocious, .....................? (A isn't it B isn't he C doesn't he D does he)

25. Indian warriors ........................ their faces before going off to fight. (A used to paint B used paint C used to painting D were painting)

26. Then they ..................... to the rhythm of drums. (A had danced B were dancing C would be dancing D would dance)

27. Peter thought he ............ the sound of their drums. (A would hear B could have heard C should be hearing D could hear)

28. He didn't realize it was thunder .................. . (A from far B away far C far away D as far off)

29. When clouds build up, it often ................... rain. (A is meaning B means to C must be meaning D means)

30. There were ................ clouds now. (A much B many more C much more D more than many)

31. One cloud looked .......................... an umbrella. (A to be B it was C being D like)

32. .................... a raindrop fell on the little dog's head. (A In that time B Just then C When D Therefore)

33. Poosk ................. . (A woke up B awakened C awake D woken up)

34. She knew ........................ . (A that was coming B what will come C that will be coming D what was coming)

35. "It .......... rain," the dog thought. (A must be going to B will be C ought to have been D has had to be)

36. ........... this is just what it did. (A Because B Although C And D However)

37. "Come on!" Peter called. "We ....................... stay here any longer." (A couldn't B can't C hadn't to D mightn't)

38. Peter and Poosk jumped up and ran .................... the rain. (A through B under C down D below)

39. He ...................... an umbrella. (A ought to bring B can have brought C should have brought D must bring)

40. "As soon as I ................ home, I'll have a hot bath," he promised himself. (A have got B will get C get D am getting)

Solutions in this post: FOMO, the syndrome striking people these days

1. By the time the horse finishes eating, the race ................... (A will finish B will have finished C is finished D has been finished)

2. The rider on the ground wishes he .................. at home. (A stayed B has to stay C had stayed D stays)

3. The crowd ........................ the races since one o'clock. (A will be watching B have watched C have been watching D are watching)

4. Larry ..................... off his horse a few seconds ago. (A has fallen B is falling C has been falling D fell)

5. The horse started eating the grass after it ........................ its rider. (A was losing B had been losing C having lost D had lost)

6. The crowd ............... very worried, do they? (A looking B do look C looks D don't look)

7. Some of them can't stop laughing, ............ ? (A cannot they? B can they? C can't they D do they)

8. Fortunately, Larry .................. . (A hasn't been injured B isn't injure C hasn't injure D had not injured)

9. If he hadn't fallen off, he ................... the race. (A won B won't win C might win D might have won)

10. The people ................ laugh at Harry. (A oughtn't B couldn't C shouldn't D wouldn't)

11. When Larry was a little boy, he .......................... like riding. (A used to B was used to C did use D used)

12. It's no use .................... him if he still likes it. (A to ask him B to have asked C asking D ask)

13. It's time Eric and Bill ................. the horse to move. (A persuade B have persuaded C persuaded D are persuading)

14. They would sooner ........................ for a drink. (A going B be go C to go D go)

15. By the time Larry fell off, three other riders .......... thrown off their horses. (A were being B have been C been D had been)

16. Eric and Bill are trying to make the horse ........... eating. (A stopped B stop C stopping D to stop)

17. They are counting .................. helped by Harry. (A to be B being C that they are D on being)

18. Poor Larry can't help them. He doesn't even remember .................... off. (A to fall B have fallen C falling D fallen)

19. He ...................... feel very dizzy. (A must have B ought C must D must be)

20. Everyone was surprised when they saw him ................ through the air. (A to fly B fly C flown D who flying)

Solutions in this post: It is what it is

21. He will probably ................... for the newspapers. (A take his picture B having his picture taken C have his picture taken D had taken his picture)

22. He is certainly going to arrive home .................. (A late B lately C more late D latest)

23. Larry's horse ........................ eat the grass. (A couldn't B wouldn't C shouldn't D mightn't)

24. Eric and Bill are having ............ trouble. (A many B few C a lot of D plenty)

25. Eric says to Bill, "Let's try a bit harder, .................... ?". (A will we B shall we C do we D are we)

26. The horse was put ............... by the high fence. (A off B over C away D down)

27. Larry was very shocked when he found ............ on the ground. (A him B to himself C his self D himself)

28. I think he .................. up. (A needs cheer up B needs cheering up C needs to D is needing to)

29. It's time someone ................... to help him. (A is going B goes C went D has gone)

30. ................ up, someone will send for an ambulance. (A Until he gets B Whether he gets C If he does get D Unless he gets)

31. No doubt he will soon .......................... . (A get his accident over B get on with his accident C get out of his accident D get over his accident)

32. Eric and Bill are tired so they'll soon stop .................... a rest. (A for have B for having C to have D for to have)

33. Larry .............. better choose a bigger horse next time. (A would B does C had D should)

34. Eric didn't want to miss his drink. ..................... did Bill. (A Either B Whether C Neither D No)

35. But they have to work, ........ ? (A oughtn't they B mustn't they C won't they D don't they)

36. The horse will not move even if three people ........... it. (A had pushed B pushing C will push D push)

37. It .............. every time the fence is too high. (A stop B will stop C shall stop D stopping)

38. "We aren't going to move this horse,", said Eric.

"I'm afraid .................... ," replied Bill. (A not B yes C no D that)

39. The harder they tried ...................... they got. (A the more hotter B hotter C the hotter D hotly)

40. Larry still doesn't really know ................ has happened. (A whether B how C what D if)

Solutions in this post: Influencers in our society

1. Harriet was very ................... by Madam Zamzam's invitation. (A exciting B excitable C excites D excited)

2. She .................. asked to go to a seance. (A would be B was to be C had been D will have been)

3. A seance is a meeting ........................ people. (A about B of C among D through)

4. They try to speak to people who are no longer ............ (A with life B live C alive D a life)

5. Madame Zamzam was a woman .................... work was to organize seances. (A who B who's C which D whose)

6. Harriet wanted ............... her brother Percy. (A to speak to B speaking to C speak to D she spoke to)

7. He ............ the year before. (A was died B was to have died C had died D was being dead)

8. Mr Bing .................. had told Harriet about Madame Zamzam. (A , who was Harriet's neighbour, B , who was the neighbour of Harriet, C who was Harriet's neighbour D who was the neighbour of Harriet )

9. They went ................... to her house. (A with the other B together C altogether D the both )

10. When they got there, Madam Zamzam ................ them at a round table. (A sat B set C sit D sits )

11. She asked them to hold .......................... hands. (A the others B each other's C the other D each one's )

12. They did this .................... make a closed circle. (A in order to B so that to C because they D so that they)

13. "I'm terribly nervous, .............. ?" Harriet asked Mr Bing. (A am I B aren't you C isn't it D are you)

14. "................... be nervous," Mr Bing said. (A Do not you B You don't C Don't D Not you)

15. "There is ........ to be," he added. (A not need B needn't C no need D any need )

16. Poor Harriet was ........... nervous she nearly fainted. (A all B as C so D more )

17. Madame Zamzam began .............. (A to be singing B to sing C to have sung D having sung )

18. .................... then she had been very quiet. (A Since B During C As to D Until )

19. "What ...................... ?" Harriet asked Mr Bing. (A she is doing B does he do C is she doing D she doing )

20. The table began ................ (A to raise B raising itself C to rise D rising itself )

21. But no one ................... it. (A is lifting B lifted C were lifting D was lifting)

22. Something like .................. smoke appeared in the air. (A - B the C that D a)

23. "I ........................ anything like this before," whispered Harriet. (A haven't seen B wasn't seeing C hadn't seen D am not seeing)

24. Then the smoke turned ............ a shape. (A up B into C out D round)

25. Harriet knew this .................... her brother. (A being B must be C to being D will be)

26. "Percy, ............... ?" she asked. (A is that you B you are that C that is you D is it that you are)

27. "Hello, Harriet!" said the ghost. " ............ ?" (A How you have been B How were you C How have you been D How you were)

28. "Percy! How wonderful ................... you again!" (A having seen B to see C to have seen D having been seeing)

29. "Now we can play bridge again the way we ................... " (A used to B were using to C were used to D did use to)

30. ................ Madam Zamzam and Mr Bing liked bridge. (A Together B Both C The two D Beside)

31. It is a card game that .......................... four players. (A needs B needed C is needing D needs to)

32. One player deals: that is, the cards .................... to the players. (A all give out B are given all out C are all given out D give out all)

33. Without Percy, they couldn't have played, .............. ? (A did they B could they C have they D were they)

34. "Will you deal Madame Zamzam," asked Mr Bing, "or ..................... ?" (A am I B shall I C do I D have I)

35. He said he ........ deal. (A would B ought C need D had)

36. It was just ........... old times. (A as B similar C the same D like)

37. They enjoyed themselves .............. (A too much B as much C muchly D very much)

38. Finally Harriet's brother yawned and .................... (A raised B risen C rose D was rising)

39. "It's time I ......................," he said. (A am going B will go C was going D have gone)

40. He promised to return, so they are all looking forward ................ every week. (A to play B playing C to playing D play)

1. Kansas is ................... states in America's mid-west. (A one of the flattest B the flattest C as flatter as D flattest of the )

2. When spring comes to Kansas, .................. do the tornadoes. (A then B also C so D and )

3. A tornado ........................ by its whirling, funnel-shaped cloud. (A has recognized B recognized C is recognized D recognizes)

4. It is extremely .......... (A destructable B destructive C destroyed D destroying)

5. .................... people in Kansas know when a tornado is coming. (A More B The most C Much D Most )

6. The afternoon grows hot and the skies ............... (A darken B darkened C are darkening D have darkened )

7. When this ............ people go into their storm cellars. (A is happening B will happen C happens D has happened )

8. Although people in Kansas live with tornadoes, they never .................. . (A getting used to them B get used to them C used to get them D get them used to )

9. The two farmers in the picture were too busy ................... the storm coming. (A seeing B to see C having seen D by seeing )

10. The fence they were working on needed ................ (A mended B to mend C to have mended D mending )

11. Fences .......................... regularly. (A have farmers to mend B are having to be mended C have mended D have to be mended )

12. If they aren't, animals .................... into the cornfields. (A will wander B will have wandered C are wandering D will be wandering )

13. They .............. the young corn. (A would like eating B like to eat C liked to eat D are liking )

14. The two men were helping ............... (A each other B themselves C the other D oneself )

15. One man dug holes ........ the other put in the posts. (A when B since C then D while )

16. ........... they stretched wire between the posts. (A As B Then C When D After )

17. As they worked, the sky grew ............ (A darkly B dark C darkened D darken )

18. Suddenly, they heard .................... (A the roar from the wind. B the windroar. C the roar of the wind. D the winds roar. )

19. It was ...................... a jet plane taking off. (A louder than B as loudly as C as louder than D louder as )

20. The two farmers were taken ............... surprise. (A from B with C by D in )

21. ".................?" one shouted to the other. (A Shall you come B Do you come C Come you to D Are you coming )

22. "It's too late .................. !" the other shouted back. (A for running B to run C to be running D that we run )

23. "We couldn't get to the cellar ........................ we could run faster! (A except B even if C because D although )

24. He isn't young any more. His friend isn't ........ (A also B neither C too D either )

25. "If we .................... sooner, we might have got there." (A started B had started C would have started D start )

26. He has dug his pick into the ground ............... blown away. (A to keep being B because he isn't C so as not to be D for not being )

27. His dungarees are ............ snatched off. (A being about B just to be C on the point of D are about to be )

28. The tornado is destroying everything .................. . (A in the path of it B in it's path C of its path D in its path )

29. The farmhouse roof is being blown ................... (A off B up C out D away from it )

30. After the storm, it ................ repaired. (A has to be B has been C will have to be D is )

31. The tornado has picked up a cow as if it were ..................... a feather. (A as light as B lighter as C lightly like D the lightest as )

32. The woman .................... the cow never stopped. (A what milked B which milked C who was milking D that is milking )

33. She had no idea she was sailing through the air, ............. ? (A didn't she B hadn't she C had she D wasn't she )

34. It is possible she ............... into another state. (A is blown B will be blown C blew D will blow )

35. The two farmers will be lucky ........ they don't join her. (A unless B if C supposing D whether )

36. One is clutching a post to keep from ........... pulled up into the sky. (A himself B being C his being D he was )

37. He ........... about the storm until it came. (A wouldn't be worrying B wasn't worrying C hadn't worried D shouldn't worry )

38. The two were too busy .................... the fence. (A mending B to mend C by mending D to have mended )

39. Now they only hope it ...................... carry them away. (A didn't B doesn't C wouldn't D might not )

40. They will be happy when it ............. over. (A is B will be C is to be D can be )