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Introduction
Introduction
The widespread use of plastic shopping bags contributes to severe environmental pollution, with microplastics contaminating ecosystems and traditional plastic production increasing greenhouse gas emissions. Despite efforts like recycling and plastic bans, pollution persists, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives. Bioplastics, particularly those derived from agricultural waste like Cucumis melo peels, offer an eco-friendly solution due to their biodegradability and renewable sourcing. This study explores the potential of melon peel bioplastics as an alternative to conventional plastic shopping bags by evaluating their strength, flexibility, and environmental impact.
Statement of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
1. What is the effect of varying concentrations of Cucumis melo peel extract on the strength and flexibility of the bioplastic bag?
1.1 10% extract concentration;
1.2 20% extract concentration;
1.3 30% extract concentration;
1.4 40% extract concentration.
2. How does the Cucumis melo peel-based bioplastic compare to conventional plastic bags in terms of:
2.1 Durability during use;
2.2 Biodegradability; and
2.3 Water resistance?
3. What changes occur in the physical properties of the bioplastic over time when exposed to:
3.1 Sunlight;
3.2 Water; and
3.3 Humidity?
Methodology
Methodology
The study employed a quantitative experimental approach to develop and assess bioplastic bags derived from Cucumis melo peels. The research involved preparing bioplastic formulations by drying and grinding melon peels into a fine powder, which was then combined with starch, glycerin, vinegar, and water. The mixture was heated to form a gel-like consistency, molded into sheets, and air-dried to create bioplastic samples. Various concentrations of melon peel extract (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were tested to determine their effects on the bioplastic’s properties. The mechanical performance was evaluated through strength and flexibility tests, where weights were added to measure tensile strength and folding tests were conducted to assess durability. Biodegradability was tested by burying the samples in compost and monitoring their decomposition over ten days. Water resistance was assessed by submerging the bioplastic in water for one hour and observing structural changes, while environmental exposure tests involved subjecting the samples to sunlight, water, and humidity to evaluate their durability over time. Additionally, a cost analysis was performed to assess economic feasibility. Data collected from these tests were analyzed statistically to determine significant differences between formulations. The findings aimed to identify the most effective formulation that balances strength, flexibility, biodegradability, and cost-efficiency, with considerations for improving water and heat resistance for potential commercial applications.
Results and Discussion
Results and Discussion
This study explored the potential of Cucumis melo peel as a bioplastic material, analyzing its strength, flexibility, biodegradability, and resistance to environmental factors. The findings indicate that the bioplastic’s properties varied depending on the concentration of Cucumis melo peel extract.
Strength and Flexibility
Strength and Flexibility
The strength test showed that higher concentrations of peel extract (30% and 40%) resulted in more durable bioplastic bags, capable of holding heavier weights compared to lower concentrations (10% and 20%). Similarly, the flexibility test revealed that samples with 30% and 40% extract had better bending resistance and elasticity, while lower concentrations exhibited brittleness.
Biodegradability and Environmental Resistance
Biodegradability and Environmental Resistance
Biodegradability tests confirmed that the Cucumis melo bioplastic decomposed significantly faster than conventional polyethylene bags. Samples with higher extract concentrations degraded more efficiently in compost environments. In contrast, polyethylene remained largely intact.
Exposure tests demonstrated that prolonged sunlight and humidity weakened the bioplastic over time, making it more susceptible to degradation. Water resistance tests indicated that while the bioplastic could tolerate short-term exposure, prolonged immersion led to softening and disintegration.
Comparison to Conventional Plastics
Comparison to Conventional Plastics
While the bioplastic showed promising results in terms of strength and flexibility, it was less resistant to water exposure compared to polyethylene. However, its superior biodegradability makes it a viable alternative for short-term use, such as shopping bags.
Conclusion
Conclusion
The study concludes that bioplastics derived from Cucumis melo peels present an eco-friendly alternative to conventional plastics. While improvements in water resistance are needed, the material's biodegradability and strength suggest it could be a sustainable option for reducing plastic pollution.
References
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