Distribution by Region

Distribution by Organisation Type, Document Type, Region and Year

Risk occurs mostly in documents published in Europe, followed by Africa and MENA with comparatively smaller contributions. Overall, the top five contributors in terms of occurrences are NGO, NGO_Fed, IGO, RC and Net organisations.

NGO documents provide the greatest number of occurrences, primarily from activity reports published in Europe and MENA. In second place, occurrences from NGO_Fed were mostly obtained from activity reports and strategy documents published in Europe, followed by Africa and Asia but to a much lesser extent. Occurrences from IGO were mostly found in European general documents and activity reports.

Occurrences from RC were obtained primarily from few documents from the three categories, maily publised in Europe, MENA and Asia. Lastly, Net also generates ocurrences but provides a considerable smaller number of occurrences primarily from documents published in Asia.

Risk has thus been defined in varying ways, although most definitions refer to likelihood and impact.

Leading the social risk management work for the World Bank, Holzmann and Jørgensen defined risk as "uncertainty or unpredictability that results in welfare losses" (Holzmann and Jorgensen, 2000).

The OECD 2013 High Level Risk Forum called risk "the potential damage caused by a single event or a series of events" and "a combination of two factors". Those two factors are the "probability of the occurrence of a hazard", with hazard defined as a "potentially harmful event", and vulnerability, which is defined as "a measure of the exposure of human lives, health, activities, assets or the environment to the potential damage caused by such hazards occurring" (OECD, 2011).

Risk is defined by the authors of the Good Practice Review (2010) as 'a measure of vulnerability to threats in the environment'. In other words, risk is about the potential for harm: the likelihood of something harmful happening and the extent of that harm if it does. The combination of threat and vulnerability to that threat constitutes risk (Van Brabant 2010, p. 28).

First, overall risk is defined by the interaction of the chance of something happening (exposure) and its likely impact if it does (vulnerability).

Each month the Management Team of BBC Media Action meets and discusses a range of issues including the current risks faced, and agrees actions.

DFID continued to invest significantly to improve programme management capability, with over 500 staff receiving programme management training in 2015–16 in areas such as finance, risk , programme leadership and commercial awareness.

It requires governments to authorize or deny all arms transfers that enter or leave their territory against a set of criteria including international humanitarian and human rights law, and factors including the risk of gender-based violence, organized crime, corruption, or terrorism.

Projects focused on topics such as solid waste management, landslide risks , hazardous waste, climate change and mining.

The World Development Report 2014 takes an action-oriented approach, arguing that taking on risk, "the possibility of loss" is necessary to pursue development opportunities or "the possibility of gain". This requires a shift from ad hoc responses to proactive, systematic and integrated risk management (World Bank, 2014).

Preservation of the environment and resilience building are two concepts which make it possible to respond to the question of disaster risk while preserving the existing potential of the context in question and strengthening the capacity of the affected populations in the medium and long term. The interactions between these two concepts are all the more important as the people who are the most concerned by international aid are also the most weakened by a degraded environment. Wherein the importance of raising awareness among aid actors so that they take the environment into account more in programmes which aim to build resilience.

By taking a more proactive and preventive approach to risks as opposed to merely responding to disasters after they occur this paradigm shift would lead to three desired outcomes: safeguarding existing and future development and investment in the region, protecting the lives and livelihoods of people who live in the region, and empowering people so that they can act in a responsible manner and thus contribute to the reduction of such risks.

Analysts argue that some risks appear to be intensifying, especially those connected to the environment and climate change and to the growing connectivity among countries, which challenges the remit of national policy.

The chart below represents the distribution of risk between 2005 and 2019 in terms of the number of occurrences and relative frequency of occurrences. It also allows you to view the distribution across Regions, Organisations and Document types.