Embedded Files
Frequencies
Frequencies
The HE corpus contains 23,900 occurrences of the concept climate change.
Distribution by Region
Distribution by Region
Distribution by Organisation Type, Document Type, Region and Year
Distribution by Organisation Type, Document Type, Region and Year
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Refresh the website if the graphics are not shownClimate change occurs mostly in documents published in Europe, followed by North America, Asia, Africa and Oceania with comparatively smaller contributions. Overall, the top five contributors in terms of occurrences are IGO, NGO, State, NGO_Fed and State organisations.
IGO documents provide the greatest number of occurrences, primarily from general documents published in Europe. Occurrences from NGO, State, NGO_Fed and Net were mostly obtained from activity reports published in Europe.
Definitions
Definitions
Summary of Definitional Elements
Summary of Definitional Elements
Abstracted from definitions and related concepts. Please scroll down for more details.
Definitional Contexts
Definitional Contexts
Related Concepts
Related Concepts
Frequent Collocations
Frequent Collocations
Frequent words that accompany a term are known as collocates. A given term and its collocates form collocations. These can be extracted automatically based on statistics and curated manually to explore interactions with concepts.
Comparisons over time between organisation types with the greatest number of hits (IGO, NGO, State, NGO_Fed and Net organisations) may prove to be meaningful. Below is an histogram for the top yearly collocation for each of the five organisations with the greatest contribution as well as across all organisation types.
Collocates Over Time
Collocates Over Time
Collocational data for Climate change was found to be scarce. Across all 5 organisation types analysed, only 5 top collocates were obtained:
CCI; (Clinton Climate Initiative)
IPCC; (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)
adaptation; (From Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)
degradation; and
dangerous
IGO documents generated dangerous as top collocate in 2007. Other top IGO collocates include mitigation , adaptation and desertification.
NGO documents generated adaptation as top collocate in 2016 with the highest overall score.
State documents generated UNFCC (United Nations Framework Convention on ClimateChange )obtaining the highest overall score. Other top State collocates include adaptation and science.
NGO_Fed documents generated adaptation as top collocate for 2013.
Net documents generated IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) as top collocate for 2012. Other top Net collocates include adaptation and UNFFC.
Unique Collocates by Organisation Type
Unique Collocates by Organisation Type
Organisation subcorpora present unique and shared collocations with other organisation types. Unique collocations allow to discover what a particular organisation type says about Climate change that others do not.
IGO documents feature the following top 10 unique collocates:
compare
economics
cambridge
scenario
CCF (Climate Change Fund)
Kyoto (Climate change (Kyoto Protocol))
PEF (Pakistan Earthquake Fund)
govern
protocol
threshold
NGO documents feature the following top 10 unique collocates:
UFM (Union for the Mediterranean )
kishapu (District in Tanzania, Kishapu Climate Change)
CCDB (Climate Change Delivery Board)
mediterranean
CC (Climate change)
responsiveness
tax
unplanned
frequency
pioneer
State documents feature the following top 10 unique collocates:
countermeasure
DECC (Department of Energy and Climate Change)
JICA ( Japan International Cooperation Agency )
GCC (Global Climate Change)
IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute )
skyrocket
DEFRA ( Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs )
prediction
infectious
specie
NGO_Fed documents feature the following top 10 unique collocates:
BMZ (German Ministry for Economic Cooperation )
PECCN (Poverty, Environment and Climate Change Network )
frontline
runaway
erratic
harsh
turkana (Turkana Africa Climate Change)
OXFAM
pope
camden
Net documents feature the following top 10 unique collocates:
DNPI (National Council for Climate Change )
africa-wide
envoy
GFDRR (Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery )
ODI (Overseas Development Institute )
SREX (Special Report on Extreme Events )
RF (Results Framework)
IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute )
comprehensible
Shared Collocates by Organisation Type
Shared Collocates by Organisation Type
Shared collocations allow to discover matching elements with organisations who discuss Climate change. These constitute intersections between subcorpora.
Top collocates shared by 2 organisation types are:
desertification (NGO + IGO)
projection (State + IGO)
DRM (Disaster Risk Management) (Net + IGO)
magnify (State + Net)
depletion (State + Net)
box (NGO + IGO)
coastal (Net + IGO)
injustice (NGO_Fed + NGO)
UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction ) (State + IGO)
encyclical (NGO_Fed + NGO)
Top collocates shared by 3 organisation types are:
biodiversity (State + NGO + IGO)
pollution (State + NGO + IGO)
shock (NGO_Fed + NGO + IGO)
intensify (NGO_Fed + NGO + IGO)
adaptive (NGO_Fed + NGO + IGO)
brunt (NGO_Fed + Net + IGO)
avoid (State + NGO + IGO)
conservation (State + NGO + IGO)
bill (NGO_Fed + NGO + IGO)
worsen (NGO_Fed + NGO + IGO)
Top collocates shared by 4 organisation types are:
intergovernmental (State + NGO + Net + IGO)
IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)(State + NGO + Net + IGO)
consequence (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + IGO)
copenhagen (NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
variability (State + NGO + Net + IGO)
scarcity (State + NGO + Net + IGO)
weather (NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
dangerous (State + NGO + Net + IGO)
implication (State + NGO + Net + IGO)
urbanization (State + NGO + Net + IGO)
Top collocates shared by 5 organisation types are:
adaptation (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
mitigation (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
effect (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
adapt (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
UNFCCC (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change)(State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
impact (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
convention (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
tackle (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
resilience (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
degradation (State + NGO_Fed + NGO + Net + IGO)
Usage Over Time
Usage Over Time
HE Corpus
HE Corpus
The chart below represents the distribution of Climate change between 2005 and 2019 in terms of the number of occurrences and relative frequency of occurrences. It also allows you to view the distribution across Regions, Organisations and Document types.
What's the relative frequency of a concept?
What's the relative frequency of a concept?
The relative frequency of a concept compares its occurrences in a specific subcorpora (i.e. Year, Region, Organisation Type, Document Type) to its total number of occurrences in the entire HE corpus. This indicates how typical a word is to a specific subcorpus and allows to draw tentative comparisons between subcorpora, e.g. Europe vs Asia or NGO vs IGO. You can read these relative frequencies as follows:
Relative frequency is expressed as a percentage, above or below the total number of occurrences, which are set at 100%. This measure is obtained by dividing the number of occurrences by the relative size of a particular subcorpus.
Under 100%: a word is less frequent in a subcorpus than in the entire corpus. This is means that the word is not typical or specific to a given subcorpus.
100%: a word is as frequent in a subcorpus as it is in the entire corpus.
Over 100%: a word is more frequent in a subcorpus than in the entire corpus. This means that the word in question is typical or specific to a given subcorpus.
As an author, you may be interested in exploring why a concept appears more or less frequently in a given subcorpus. This may be related to the concept's nature, the way humanitarians in a given year, region, organisation type or document type use the concept, or the specific documents in the corpus and subcorpora itself. To manually explore the original corpus data, you can consult each Contexts section where available or the search the corpus itself if needs be.
Occurrences of Climate change were highest in 2011, also obtaining the highest relative frequency recorded (201%).
Europe generated the greatest number of occurrences and Africa provided the highest relative frequency with 169%.
The top 5 organisation types with the highest relative frequency of Climate change are WHS, State, Net, IGO and RE.
Activity reports provided the greatest number of occurrences and general documents generated the highest relative frequency with 148%.
Google Ngram Viewer
Google Ngram Viewer
This shows the evolution of Climate change and in the vast Google Books corpus, which gives you a general idea of the trajectory of the term in English books between 1950 and 2019. Values are expressed as a percentage of the total corpus instead of occurrences.
Please note that this is not a domain-specific corpus. However, it provides a general overview of and its evolution across domains.
Climate change starts to increase in 1985 and reaches its peak in 2019.
Debates & Controversies
Debates & Controversies
Synonyms
Synonyms
Discussion
Discussion
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