The numbers â always with the numbers. Not enough people of color here, not enough women there. Pay no attention to professional sports, or all those fields dominated by women. Welcome to the âdisparate impactâ tunnel-vision special-olympics sweepstakes, where you might win a quota-based free ride â if, of course, you qualify as a victim
"New York Destroyed by Earthquake; Women and Minorities Hit Hardest." â Joe Sobran
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Way back in 1971 a very liberal, very activist Supreme Court (the same court that found hidden in the âpenumbrasâ of the Constitution a right to have an abortion) decided it was unfair for a company to require that job applicants have a high school diploma -- unless the company could prove the job required such knowledge as a diploma supposedly conveyed. The reason? Too many blacks didnât have diplomas and were thus, the Court reasoned, being discriminated against. The diploma requirement had a âdisparate impactâ on blacks.Â
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Now, a high school diploma was a fairly good indicator of what kind of employee you were hiring â particularly in terms of responsibility and perseverance. This remained true even if the job was no more complex than loading boxes onto trucks. And, the diploma was also a testament to basic skills like reading -- and finally, the diploma requirement offered businesses the possibility of hiring people who, though initially âover-qualified-for-loading-boxesâ, might be capable of advancing within the company.  Â
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But the leftist, activist -- legislate-from-the-bench Supreme Court wanted more blacks employed - period. So the court basically said â âNo need to examine closely the reasons for this abysmal lack of black high school graduates â letâs keep it simple â the diploma requirement is racist." This decision would have profound reverberations that still shake, rattle, and roil our country.
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That Griggs v. Duke Power decision enshrined into constitutional law the âdisparate impactâ supposition, which then quickly got boiled down to a simple formula â if a business didnât have proper ânumbersâ, it must be racism (or sexism). Employers were in danger of federal action (or boycotting) if the racial or gender makeup of their employees didnât reflect the proper âdiversityâ. Yes -- it was quota time.
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Thus was created the great Identity Politics can-o-worms that now permeates our society, where the treatment of citizens is not at all â as ML King dreamed â colorblind, but is in fact rooted in just the opposite concept â color coded. A business now runs afoul of the government if it doesnât treat people differently based on race, sex, etc. Â
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So . . . this disparate impact quota-sledgehammer â the weapon of choice for race activists -- once again raised its heavy head in New Haven in 2003, when the city refused to promote white firefighters because no blacks qualified for promotion on the department's exam â even though the written test had been carefully crafted to be bias-free. Eventually the white firefighters sued, and the Supreme Court -- barely (5-4) -- decided in their favor -- decided they had been discriminated against because of their race. As plain-as-day obvious as this race discrimination was, the four liberal justices -- of course -- disagreed.  Â
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Truth be told (which almost never happens in matters of race), the test hasnât been invented â from the SAT to LSAT to the GRE to a high school math test to a 4th grade reading test â where blacks donât do significantly worse than whites. Since the Left is chain-link locked into the belief that blacks could not possibly be responsible for their outcomes in society, the Left must inevitably find hidden racism lurking in tests. If this logic is followed, "disparate impact" tunnel-vision points directly at discarding all exams for promotion that dont "make the numbers" -- exams which, according to the NAACP are an "antiquated method of measuring leadership".Â
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No, the NAACP believes "excelling on the job" is how leaders should be chosen. Â Â Allow me to point out, in the New Haven case, how profoundly fallacious â and dangerous -- this premise is:
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There are hundreds, if not thousands, of variations in fires. If we let âon-the-job experienceâ be the only measure of who gets to be a fire captain, it is entirely possible for firefighters who have been on the job for decades to have never encountered a great many of the odd variables that might occur in a specific fire. Thatâs where the studying -- the book learning -- comes into play.Â
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When, say, a service-station or a cargo ship or a kitchen on the 29th floor catches fire, do you really want to have firefighter officers show up who have never dealt with such fires â and have never studied the proper procedures for coping with such fires?? Ruth Bader Ginsberg, however, doesnât worry about such trivialities. She and her 3 fellow liberalsâ only concern is that we need more black fire captains â ignorant or not.   Â
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In reality, this throw-out-the-test mentality has led to a lowering of standards and expectations for blacks in many walks of life â particularly in education. Since I donât know of any human endeavor whereby someone acquires the ability to jump higher by having the bar lowered, this seems yet another example of leftist âletâs pretendâ social policy exacerbating rather than helping a condition.Â
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So here we are in our modern Double Standard Olympics â where our government and our elite universities award their medals using different standards for different competitors. Does anyone out there really believe Sonya Sotomayor or Elena Kagan are the most brilliant legal minds available for the Court? Â
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"I would hope that a wise Latina woman, with the richness of her experiences, would more often than not reach a better conclusion than a white male who hasn't lived that life"
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We now give out Pulitzers, National Book Awards, Oscars, Nobel Prizes â even seats on our hallowed Supreme Court -- based on some muddy feel-good mixture of talent combined with consideration of the nomineeâs sex, ethnic background, sexual preference, etc. etc.Â
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For my employed white leftist friends â a proposition: If you truly believe it is acceptable â and right -- to have someone turned down for a job because they are white, how âbout giving your job to some deserving minority member? Then youâll have demonstrated that you are willing to suffer the same consequence â the same âremedyâ â that you have so righteously forced upon someone else. And then you can go out looking for another job in some workplace that doesnât already have too many whites.
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Heather McDonald -- City Journal. Re NYC Fire Dept. Oct. 2010
Under the misguided legal theory of âdisparate impact,â however, an employer can be found guilty of discrimination simply if minority applicants donât score as well as whites on a job test. Once an employment test is shown to have a lower black pass rate, an army of testing experts hired by the plaintiffs descends on the courtroom waving âcoefficient alphasâ and âconstruct- and criterion-related validation methodologiesâ to nitpick the suspect test to death and to claim that it measures skills (such as reading comprehension) that are not relevant to the job while not measuring skills (such as cooperativeness or persistence) that are. . .
Disparate-impact jurisprudence rests on a massive lie: that blacks and whites would score identically on tests of cognitive ability, absent a biased test design. Given the racial disparities in average cognitive skillsâblack 12th-graders read, on average, at the level of white eighth-gradersâit is impossible to design a test measuring cognitive ability that will not have a lower black pass rate. Judge Garaufis, however, rejects this reality; he has sneered at the cityâs suggestion that the differences in scores between white, black, and Hispanic fire department applicants reflect differences in âcapability and preparedness,â calling that explanation âdubious.â Instead, in Garaufisâs world-view, racial differences in test results reflect the presence of racial animus.