Hand Raised

Also called "Student Volunteer" - This is the most common participation strategy

Students raise a hand, teacher gives time for the first and second wave of hands to go up (and may prompt a third wave) before calling on somebody. This activity gives slower processors and opportunity to engage.

Keys:

• Wait time!
  • BEFORE calling on a student: Hands raised is not an ineffective strategy if 3 hands go up and the teacher calls on a student in seconds.
  • AFTER calling on a student: Allow the student to have a moment to formulate their response before going on to the next student.
• Routines: Students need to be habituated to not calling out answers so that more students have time to think and slowly raise their hands.
• Bias: Because student volunteering ends in the teacher calling on someone, this strategy is susceptible to bias (the teacher calling on the student they think has the right answer, calling on boys more than girls, etc.)