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To find the pH of the following samples by using pH paper/universal indicator.
(a) Dilute hydrochloric acid
(b) Dilute NaOH solution
(c) Dilute ethanoic acid solution
(d) Lemon Juice
(e) Water
(f) Dilute sodium bicarbonate (sodium hydrogen carbonate) solution
(On the White Side)
pH scale: pH is normally measured in a range of 0-14.
If pH < 7 then it is an acidic solution.
If pH > 7 then it is a basic solution.
If pH = 7 then it is neutral.
Six test tubes, six droppers, white tile, pH paper (with coloured chart strip of pH scale) and test tube stand.
Chemicals required: Dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute solution of sodium hydroxide, dilute ethanoic acid, lemon juice, distilled water and dilute solution of sodium bicarbonate.
Take six test tubes, wash them with distilled water and place them on the test tube stand.
Mark these test tubes as A, B, C, D, E and F.
Take 2 mL of each of the given chemicals and add them to the test tubes marked as:
Test tube A – add 2 mL of dil. HCl acid
Test tube B – add 2 mL of dil. NaOH solution
Test tube C – add 2 mL of dil. ethanoic acid
Test tube D – add 2 mL of lemon juice
Test tube E – add 2 mL of distilled water
Test tube F – add 2 mL of dil. sodium bicarbonate solution
Take a white tile and place small strips of pH paper on it, mark them as A, B, C, D, E, and F.
Take clean droppers rinsed with distilled water.
Use each dropper to suck the contents present in the test tubes A to F and pour a drop of each content on marked pH paper respectively.
E.g., the contents of test tube A to be placed on the pH paper with label A.
Observe the colour change in the pH paper and match it with the colour pH chart given. Record your observations.
(diagram on the white side)
(diagram on the white side)
(the sample in test tube 3 is Dil. CH₃COOH)
(diagram on the white side)
(Only two precautions are to be written and I have chosen these)
The test sample solutions should be freshly prepared and the fruit juice samples should also be fresh.
Use clean test tubes and mark them carefully.