Just because people were ruled by a king during this time did not mean that all people liked it. King John of England took over after his dad, Henry II, died. King Henry had tried to make the monarchy more powerful and give the people less rights.
King John followed in his foot steps and wanted more and more power. King John raised taxes in England. He did not always use this money wisely. He also punished people without giving them a trial. People started to resent him and did not want to obey him unless he made changes in his kingdom.
People met with King John and forced him to sign a document called the Magna Carta. They threatened to overthrow him if he did not listen. Magna Carta means "great charter" and it was a piece of paper that limited the power of King John. He could no longer collect taxes unless a group called a council to the king agreed it was needed to help England. People accused of crimes also got to have a fair trial.
The Magna Carta was important because it granted all people the same rights and limited the power of the king (government). In later years, other people and other governments would use this example as a way of gaining more rights. The Magna Carta even served as a guide when the United States was writing our Declaration of Independence and our Constitution.