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Old Kingdom
Old Kingdom
The old kingdom lasted about 500 years, from 2686 BC to 2100 BC. During the Old Kingdom the Egyptians started writing in hieroglyphics and built the first and largest pyramids. The Great Pyramid by Khufu was constructed during this time period. It rises about 500 feet into the air and covers the area of nine football fields. It took more than 2 million stone blocks to make and the Egyptians did that without the help of the wheel. It is still standing today. It was time consuming to build pyramids & they were hard to hide from treasure hunters. Some men even had the job of guarding these pyramids, but it became too expensive. Big pyramids eventually went out of style. At the end of the Old Kingdom, Upper & Lower Egypt fought each other. This is called a civil war.
The old kingdom lasted about 500 years, from 2686 BC to 2100 BC. During the Old Kingdom the Egyptians started writing in hieroglyphics and built the first and largest pyramids. The Great Pyramid by Khufu was constructed during this time period. It rises about 500 feet into the air and covers the area of nine football fields. It took more than 2 million stone blocks to make and the Egyptians did that without the help of the wheel. It is still standing today. It was time consuming to build pyramids & they were hard to hide from treasure hunters. Some men even had the job of guarding these pyramids, but it became too expensive. Big pyramids eventually went out of style. At the end of the Old Kingdom, Upper & Lower Egypt fought each other. This is called a civil war.
Middle Kingdom
Middle Kingdom
After the civil war, Upper & Lower Egypt divided into two empires and each had their own pharaoh. Many call the Middle Kingdom a time of peace and prosperity. It lasted about 400 years, from 2100 BC to 1700 BC. It was a golden age with advances in art and carvings. A new form of architecture started. Instead of pyramids, pharaohs had their tombs cut into cliffs. This area became known as the Valley of the Kings. The Egyptians even built a canal between the Nile River and the Red Sea. Control of new land occurred, but at the end of the Middle Kingdom, Egypt was defeated by the Hyksos. These people attacked using chariots and bronze and iron weapons.
After the civil war, Upper & Lower Egypt divided into two empires and each had their own pharaoh. Many call the Middle Kingdom a time of peace and prosperity. It lasted about 400 years, from 2100 BC to 1700 BC. It was a golden age with advances in art and carvings. A new form of architecture started. Instead of pyramids, pharaohs had their tombs cut into cliffs. This area became known as the Valley of the Kings. The Egyptians even built a canal between the Nile River and the Red Sea. Control of new land occurred, but at the end of the Middle Kingdom, Egypt was defeated by the Hyksos. These people attacked using chariots and bronze and iron weapons.
New Kingdom
New Kingdom
The New Kingdom was from 1550 BC to 1100 BC which is 450 years. During the New Kingdom the Egyptians were able to force the Hyksos out and reach the height of its' power. Trade was a big focus and Queen Hatshepsut led a 2 year trip to focus on trade. This trip made Egypt even more rich and powerful. The Egyptian empire also grew rich from tribute, which was a tax on all goods made in Egypt. Everyone was forced to pay the tax or tribute. Slavery became much more common during the New Kingdom. Many new temples were built too. The time of greatness did not last though. Eventually, ancient Egypt was overtaken by outside invaders again and would never be the same.
The New Kingdom was from 1550 BC to 1100 BC which is 450 years. During the New Kingdom the Egyptians were able to force the Hyksos out and reach the height of its' power. Trade was a big focus and Queen Hatshepsut led a 2 year trip to focus on trade. This trip made Egypt even more rich and powerful. The Egyptian empire also grew rich from tribute, which was a tax on all goods made in Egypt. Everyone was forced to pay the tax or tribute. Slavery became much more common during the New Kingdom. Many new temples were built too. The time of greatness did not last though. Eventually, ancient Egypt was overtaken by outside invaders again and would never be the same.
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