The Silk Road was not just one road. It was not paved. It was many roads or routes and people could travel by land and sea. There is a map on your study guide.
The Silk Road was a name given to any route from China to Europe or Africa. It was a 5000-mile trip from ancient China to Ancient Rome. Each civilization traded the items they were good at making for other goods they wanted. Ideas also traveled along the Silk Road, ideas that affected everyone. The information people shared was perhaps more important than the goods they traded. Sharing information led to new or better inventions and ideas.
Other civilizations had been looking for “the Silk People” for a long time, but they did not know who was making this wonderful material. They also did not know how to make it. People set out to find the silk makers, but they never found them and most never returned either.
Valuable silk from China was something everyone wanted. It felt soft and well "silky." It was cool in the summer and warm in the winter when layered with other clothes. Making it was very tricky and hard work. Silk comes from the cocoon of a silkworm. The silkworms would produce these soft fibers when they were making their cocoons. Then, the Chinese took these silk threads and wove them into fine materials.
No one was allowed to take silkworms out of China. They could not let other people find ways to make silk because then people wouldn't have to buy it from them. China wouldn't even let people out of the empire that knew how to make silk. Remember, it was a big secret and made them rich.
It was incredibly dangerous to travel along the Silk Road. You faced extremely hot weather during the day and freezing temperatures at night. Crossing the mountains was tough too. There were brutal winds and even venomous snakes. And of course, there were bandits and pirates waiting to rob you.
Very few traders made the whole trip. They worked in relays. Each trader would go a certain distance, exchange their goods for other goods, and go back home. This way a person did not have to risk making the whole journey.
Where possible, the Silk Road became lined with cities. However, there were still long stretches to cross with no city or water in sight for many, many miles. It was never easy to travel the Silk Road.