Calligraphy is the writing in China. Chinese calligraphy writing is very difficult to learn. In fact, many in China are forgetting how to do it because of modern technology. The best comparison I can give is how in the US we do not memorize phone numbers anymore because of cell phones.
The ancient Chinese considered writing an important form of art. They even invented paper from tree pulp to write on and kept excellent written records. Their writing started as pictures and changed to symbols. Today there are over 85,000 symbols. Calligraphers or writers would practice for years. Each character needed to be drawn precisely. In addition, each stroke in a character had to be drawn in a specific order.
Since calligraphy was an art form great respect was given to those who learned it. Rich children in ancient China had to learn it. Even emperors practiced until they were good at it. Of course emperors could appoint someone to write for them, but the ability to write in calligraphy showed control and inner peace. It was a sign of status or impressed people. Learning calligraphy was an honor and a sign of status because it was so difficult to learn. You were special or filial if you mastered it. Filial means to respect or honor your past or ancestors.
Chinese writing is very different from English. English words are made up of letters and each has its' own sound. Like when we see a word for the first time, we can usually sound it out. The Chinese use symbols, so there is no sounding it out. They have to memorize all the symbols. Today, China is trying to make sure calligraphy is passed down and learned by generations of children in school.
The art of calligraphy is based on five things to remember. First, one must have great posture. Sitting up straight helps with making the symbols. Second, a calligrapher must know the tools. Third, brush control is important to make perfect symbols. Fourth, rhythm is needed. And finally, balance helps when writing in calligraphy.