The Parthenon was built in the city-state of Athens to honor the goddess Athena. The outside was made of marble. It took many workers and would have cost over $1 billion dollars in today's money. The building was about 230 feet long and 100 feet wide. It was built between 447 & 432 B.C. That makes it almost 2500 years old.
Inside the Parthenon were beautiful statues and carvings. It was also used to hold the gold the Athenians made and had a special room inside called the treasury for this gold. The Athenians held a festival at the Parthenon to honor Athena. The ancient Greeks had important meetings nearby and traded outside on the steps.
A large statue of Athena was built inside the Parthenon. This statue was 43 feet tall and was solid gold. Her statue was holding another statue of Nike in the palm of her hand. Nike was the Greek goddess of victory. This is how the shoe and clothes company got its' name.
The gold statue of Athena holding up Nike was lost or destroyed. There are a couple of theories as to what happened to it. One idea is they were destroyed in a fire. Another idea is that the Romans stole it and hid it saying it would "never again see the light of day." The last theory is that it was melted down since it was solid gold and worth so much money. The Parthenon building is still standing in Greece and many tourists visit it each year.
The Parthenon had large columns at the front. Some buildings in the US are very well known for their columns too. The Greeks used three different styles of columns and we copied them. The names were: Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian.
Similar building styles can be found in the United States. All these pictures are from Washington DC
Similar building styles can also be found in Kansas. All these pictures are from Topeka at our state capitol building.
Nashville, a city in Tennessee, has the nickname of "Athens of the South" because of the city's dedication to school and learning. There are many good colleges in Nashville. City leaders thought it would be cool to build a replica of the Parthenon for a centennial festival. This festival was to celebrate 100 years of the city of Nashville. After the festival was over, they kept the replica. Concrete and other materials were used to make sure it would last. They could not afford to cover their statue of Athena in solid gold like the ancient Greeks, so they used a technique called gold leaf so it would be affordable. Today, the building is a museum and is visited by tourists. So, if you can't make it to Athens, Greece to the real Parthenon, you can go see what it looks like in Nashville, Tennessee.