Story 3
Many players are deficient in slam bidding, usually because of improper learning and copying the bad habits of others. Some players even believe that all slam tries begin with Blackwood — hardly; it is just one of the available tools. This lesson explains the proper way to try for a suit slam, and an improved version of the Blackwood convention known as “key-card” Blackwood.
General Approach
Before soaring into the slam zone your first task is to locate the best trump fit, a combined holding of at least eight cards in a suit. This is done with your normal methods, although you must be careful that each bid you make is forcing — you wouldn’t want partner to pass at a low level.
Once you have agreed on a desirable trump fit, you then must decide how high to bid. The next player to bid should proceed as follows:
· Revalue your hand and assess the point-count situation. If the partnership total may reach 33 points (distribution included), a slam is possible.
· If slam is out of range, bid game in your suit (or 3 NT if desirable with a minor-suit fit). This is a sign-off attempt.
· If slam is possible, bid an unbid or enemy-bid suit beyond 3 NT (or 3 if hearts is the agreed suit). This is a control-bid and it is forcing.
In casual discussion, a control-bid is often called a “cue-bid.” Technically, however, a bid is a cue-bid only if the named suit was shown by an opponent.
Control-Bids The control-bid is the cornerstone of accurate suit slam bidding. It is like ringing a bell to announce, “I am interested in slam in our agreed trump suit.” Normal procedure is to bid a suit in which you hold first-round control.
The initial control-bid implies the ace in the suit bid.
What comes next? Let’s cross to the other side of the table. Here is what you should usually do when partner announces slam interest by making a control-bid:
If you have minimum values or don’t like your hand, return to the trump suit at the cheapest level. This discourages partner.
If you have better than minimum values or like your hand, make a control-bid of your own. This encourages partner.
Carefully compare examples 1-3; then compare examples 4-6.
Examples 1
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
East
3
South
Pass
A K 8 6 5 2 A K 10 9 5 4 3
Q J 9 3 K J 8 Q 4 2 A 9 8
4
4
West announces slam interest with 4 . East has a minimum for his jump raise so he discourages by bidding 4 .
Example 2
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
3
South
Pass
Pass
A K 8 6 5 2 A K 10 9 5 4 3
Q J 9 3 A K 8 Q 4 2 Q 10 9
4 4
4 Pass
This time East does not have an absolute minimum so he cooperates by showing the A. West returns to 4 implying his slam interest is mild and East passes.
Example 3
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
3
South
Pass
Pass
Pass
A K 8 6 5 2 A K 10 9 5 4 3
Q J 9 3 A K 8 Q 4 2 A 9 8
4 4 5
4 5 6
Here East has a tiptop maximum so he continues to bid beyond 4 to reach the laydown slam. Note that 5 shows second-round control (king or singleton) since first-round control was already shown.
Example 4
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
2
South
Pass
Pass
A Q 8 6 5 A 8 2 Q 10 8 4 3
3 K Q 9 6 5 4 4 3 A K 7 2
3 4
4 Pass
East indicates slam interest with 4 . West has a bare minimum opening bid so he discourages by returning to 4 .
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
2
South
Pass
Pass
Pass
A K Q 6 5 A 8 2 Q 10 8 4 3
3 K Q 9 6 5 4 4 3 A K 7 2
4 5 Pass
3 4 5
West now has a better hand so he continues with 4 (a control-bid since hearts are agreed). East shows second-round control in clubs. West signs off in 5 because he has no diamond control; nor does East.
Example 6
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
2
South
Pass
Pass
Pass
A K Q 6 5 A 8 3 2 10 5 4 3
3 K Q 9 6 5 4 4 3 A K 7 2
4 5 Pass
3 4 6
West’s singleton prevents the opponents from winning two diamonds so he takes the final push to slam.
Implied Trump Fit Generally, a control-bid can be made only after a suit is raised, but there are several logical exceptions to this:
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
2 NT
4
South
Pass
Pass
A Q 8 5 4 3 K 8 3 A 6 Q 6
K 6 2 A Q 4 2 K Q J 8 3 2
3 5
5
East’s 4 could not be a natural bid to play; it shows the A and implies a “good raise to 4 .” The slam probe fizzles when neither player has club control.
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
2 NT
4
South
Pass
Pass
Pass
Q 6 K 10 9 8 5 3 2
A K 3 10
A K 4 Q J 9 8 7 2 A J 7 4
3 4 6
4
East’s 4
bid agrees hearts by inference, then two more control-bids lead to the excellent slam.
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
East
2
South
3
A K 9 7 4 K 8 2 A J 9 4 2
J 8 2 A 10 Q 8 6 5 3 K 9 3
4
4 bb
West’s 4 cue-bid is a “strong diamond raise” with club control. East, discouraged by the K, signs off in 4 .
Key-Card Blackwood The best of the many ace-asking conventions is “key-card” Blackwood. The basic concept is to count the king of trumps — always an important card — just like an ace. Thus, there are five key cards, and your partnership needs at least four of them to warrant bidding a slam. The following rules determine which suit is the key suit:
If one suit is raised, that suit is the key suit.
If two suits are raised, the higher suit is the key suit.
If no suit is raised, the last suit bid by your side is the key suit.
There are several variations used to respond to key-card Blackwood. I present the method I feel is best and that which I use with my favorite partners. It is easy to learn.
Key Cards
0 or 3
1 or 4
2 or 5
Response
5
5
5
Note that each response has two possibilities. It is presumed that asker can tell which based on the previous bidding and his own hand.
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
East
3
South
Pass
Pass
4 NT
Pass
6 A J 8 7 3 K Q J 10 3 K Q
A Q 5 4 Q 5 4 2 A 9 J 6 2
5
East shows 2 or 5 key cards (clearly 2) so West signs off. Standard bidders may bid this poor slam (only 26 percent).
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
2
South
Pass
Pass
Pass
A Q 10 9 3 Q K Q 4 2 K J 5
K 7 6 2 5 4 A J 8 7 3 A 8
3 4 NT
6
4 5
The key suit is spades (higher of two agreed suits). East shows 0 or 3 key cards (surely 3) and West comfortably bids six.
Here is how I show a void:
Key Cards
1 plus a void
2 plus a void
3 plus a void
Response
5
5 NT
6 of the void*
* or 6 of trump suit if void is higher ranking
West
1
North
2
East
3
South
4
4 NT
6
Pass
Pass
A K Q 10 8 2 K 4 2 K J 10 3
J 9 7 3 — A Q 7 3 9 8 7 5 4
5
bEast shows 1 key card plus a void (surely in hearts from the enemy bidding).
West
1
North
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
East
1
South
Pass
Pass
Pass
A 4 — K J 10 8 4 3 A 9 8 7 2
K 8 K J 8 7 A Q 9 5 2 K 3
3 4 NT
7
2 4 6
West shows 3 key cards plus a void in a major (West cannot bid 6 because it is beyond 6 ). East can see no losers.
Asking for Kings
If the 4 NT bidder can account for all five key cards and he is interested in a grand slam, he may rebid 5 NT. This asks for kings, but the key-suit king is not counted.
Experts also have ways to ask about the key-suit queen, but that is beyond the scope of this lesson.
What is Full Disclosure?
You're bidding along and suddenly you get a question from your opponent: "What does your bid mean?" Or online, you get a system message that your bid has been questioned and there's that little box for you to type your answer. Although it may appear to you that they are asking you something that is none of their business, actually,it is.
At the bridge table there can be few secrets. The opponents are entitled to the very same information that your partner has. If you have an agreement with partner about a certain bid, the opponents are entitled to know what that agreement is, and it's your responsibility to tell them.
And when you answer your opponents you must answer promptly, clearly and completely. For instance, it may surprise you to know that not everyone has heard of, for instance, the Flannery convention or knows what it means. But it's true. So when you're questioned about your 2D bid, "Flannery" isn't the right answer. And although there's not a whole lot of room to explain, it can be done with just a few more words by saying "11-15, with 5 (sometimes 6) hearts at 4 spades." This is what Full Disclosure means. If you have an agreement with partner, the opponents are entitled to that information also. This not the time to be coy or to give bits and pieces of information, this is the time for Full Disclosure!
But what if you make a bid and you have no agreement with partner? Do you still have to explain your bid and more or less tell them what you hold in your hand? Of course, not. And you should not guess or suppose. If you have no agreement with partner on a bid your answer to your opponent's question is No Agreement. It's as simple as that!
By answering your opponents quickly and completely when questioned, your game will go faster, smoother and give YOU a reputation as a bridge player in the know.