The Cairo Summit; Egypt denies Palestinian refugees to escape through Rafah
By: Avivah W.
November 17, 2023
By: Avivah W.
November 17, 2023
As of October 11th, Egypt offers humanitarian aid to Gaza but denies a safe corridor for fleeing refugees.
In a recent international conference, The Cairo Summit, Egypt called for a consensus to calm tensions and provide humanitarian aid to Gaza. But this isn’t a new thing, Egypt has restricted the flow of Palestinian refugees into the country for a long time now.
After the end of World War II, the UN proposed the partitioning of Palestine territory, promised to Jewish people if they sided with the Allies. Israel was officially established in 1948 and promptly began to take some of Palestine’s territory.
Conflict about territory has been raging on ever since, and Palestinian land is beginning to shrink.
As of 2023, the conflict has become much more serious. Meetings and conferences have been held, just to find out how to prevent further human loss.
One of these such meetings was the Cairo Summit; a meeting in which representatives of most countries around the globe and a handful of UN representatives worked together to find a solution to the conflict. Almost unanimously, the countries agreed to give out humanitarian aid to Gaza, but an exit route still needed to be confirmed.
UN Secretary-General, Antonio Gulleres says “Immediate, unrestricted and sustained humanitarian aid for besieged civilians in Gaza. Immediate unconditional release of all hostages in Gaza. And immediate and dedicated efforts to prevent the spread of the violence, increasing the risk of spillover.”
During the Cairo Summit, a decision for an Israeli cease-fire was not effective. Egypt rejected the idea of a corridor to help refugees, and some countries aren’t even providing humanitarian aid.
However, a few countries were keen to allow humanitarian aid to pass through the Egypt-Gaza border. Food, fuel and water are all being provided to Gaza as of October 13th. The resources are taken through a gate called Rafah at the Egypt-Gaza border.
The Israel-Palestine conflict still rages on, with casualties on both sides. The Rafah gate could potentially be open in the future, but as of now supplies and aid are all that can help.
By: M. Aayan R.
November 17, 2023
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict dates back to the end of the nineteenth century. In the nineteenth century, the 2 religions were united and had lived together in peace, although soon after thoughts of having a Palestinian nation and another for the Jews were rising. On May 14, 1948, the State of Israel was created, sparking the first Arab-Israeli War. The war ended in 1949 with Israel’s victory, but 750,000 Palestinians were displaced, and the territory was divided into 3 parts: the State of Israel, the West Bank (of the Jordan River), and the Gaza Strip.
In the following years, tension rose rapidly, particularly between Israel, Egypt, Syria, and Jordan. The tensions led to many conflicts after, these wars including The Suez Crisis, Israel’s invasion of the Sinai Peninsula, and the Yom Kippur/October War.
Even though the Camp David Accords improved relations between Israel and its neighbors, the question of Palestinian self-determination and self-governance remained unresolved. In 1987, hundreds of thousands of Palestinians living in the West Bank and Gaza Strip rose up against the Israeli government in what is known as the first intifada. The 1993 Oslo I Accords resolved the conflict, setting up an area for the Palestinians to govern themselves in the West Bank and Gaza, and enabled mutual recognition between the newly established Palestinian Authority and Israel’s government. In 1995, the Oslo II Accords expanded on the first agreement, adding parts that mandated the complete withdrawal of Israel from 6 cities and 450 towns in the West Bank.
Factionalism among the Palestinians flared up when Hamas won the Palestinian Authority’s parliamentary elections in 2006, deposing longtime majority party Fatah. This gave Hamas, a political and militant movement inspired by the Palestinian Muslim Brotherhood, control of the Gaza Strip. Gaza is a small piece of land on the Mediterranean Sea that borders Egypt to the south and has been under the rule of the semi-autonomous Palestinian Authority since 1993. Following Hamas’ seizure of control, violence broke out between Hamas and Fatah. Between 2006 and 2011, a series of failed peace talks and deadly confrontations accumulated in an agreement to unify. Fatah entered into a unity government with Hamas in 2014.
In the summer of 2014, clashes in the Palestinian territories led to a military confrontation between the Israeli military and Hamas in which Hamas fired nearly three thousand rockets at Israel, and Israel followed with a major offensive in Gaza. Following these deadly events were many more conflicts and relations with other countries such as the US creating continuously rising tension in the area leading to the events that are happening at the moment.
The sudden invasion of southern Israel on October 7th, 2023 by Hamas struck a conflict between the 2 nations. Hamas believed that their attack wasn’t purposeless and had reasoning behind it. Hamas has said it was motivated to launch the attack essentially as the peak of controlled anger over Israeli policy, including recent outbreaks of violence at the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, but more generally over the treatment of Palestinians and the expansion of Israeli settlements. The attack killed 1300 civilians and Hamas took 150 more civilians as hostages
In response to Hamas’ attack on their southern territory, Israel has maintained a relentless and brutal assault on the Gaza Strip that has so far killed over 14000 Palestinians, including more than 40% of which are children, displaced half of Gaza’s population, and destroyed much of the civilian infrastructure in the territory.
After Hamas attacked Israel, the Israel Defense Forces have started to get a lot more violent and are consistently air-striking the Gaza Strip with entire neighborhoods in Gaza being airstruck. According to the Palestinian Ministry of Health in Gaza, Israeli airstrikes have killed 10,305 people in Gaza, 70% of whom are innocent children, women, and elderly. It also stated that more than 14,245 people have been wounded. Although Israel claims to have damaged no healthcare centers, they have been bombarding areas close to health centers leaving many injured people from attempting to receive the medical support they require. Doctors in Gaza are performing operations and amputations without anesthesia as they are starting to lack even some of the most common supplies required for an operation. To solve the issue The International Committee of Red Cross (ICRC) sent a humanitarian convoy carrying medical supplies but it came into Israeli fire while it was delivering the supplies to medical facilities.
Israel has informed the residents of northern Gaza by dropping leaflets to evacuate from their houses and to move south, they have even warned hospitals to evacuate south, this could mean more bombardment and air strikes from Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in northern Gaza.
Many countries have recognized Gaza’s dire situation and have started to take action. Recently 2 planes from the EU that took off from Dubai, UAE, and Ostend, Belgium containing 115 tonnes of assistance supplies that will be transported via road from Al-Arish, Egypt upon the landing of the airplanes in Al-Arish will be taken to Gaza. Al-Arish and Egypt are a very important aspect of bringing aid to Gaza, as currently the only territory in Gaza that isn’t controlled by Israel is the Rafah crossing. Many other countries have been contributing as well, these countries include Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Jordan, Tunisia, India, Rwanda, Pakistan, the United States, Canada, Germany, and China.
Gaza still requires a lot of different types of aid that it hasn’t yet received and should be receiving soon as part of the EU and UN humanitarian assistance drops. Some of these resources include clean drinking water as the state is starting to lack the amount of clean and safe water they have available. Food is another important resource in Gaza which is scarce.
Lastly, Doctors are constantly running low on medical aid and will need as much as possible as soon as possible. Not only are hospitals running low on aid, but they are also running on an extremely low amount of fuel and will need a lot more to keep running. For instance, Gaza’s only cancer hospital has requested fuel as part of its aid. An example includes Al-Quds Hospital Gaza which was the second-largest hospital in Gaza that is no longer operational due to a lack of resources.
Hospitals in Gaza have reported that without fuel the generators that are keeping the approximate 120 babies in incubators will also shut off and many innocent babies who possibly haven’t even seen the light of day lose their souls.
Israeli forces are expanding ground operations in Gaza, and their ultimate goal is to dismantle Hamas. A ground offensive offers Israel the chance to wrest the Gaza Strip from Hamas's control. Israel's aims appear far more ambitious than anything the military has planned in Gaza before, But are they realistic? The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) have also added the task of rescuing 240 hostages, held in unknown locations across Gaza.
"We have set two goals for the war: to eliminate Hamas by destroying its military and governing capabilities and to do everything possible to bring our hostages at home," announced Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, as Israel expanded its ground operations in Gaza.
Indeed, it is easy to imagine how in the aftermath of what has already been a destructive military operation and promises to be only bloodier as the ground offensive picks up steam, Gaza becomes even more of a breeding ground for Islamic terrorism, if not by Hamas, then by another group.
By: Selina B.
November 17, 2023
After the terror attack by Hamas ambushing a festival in Israel there have been acute tensions between Israel and Palestinians which resulted in Israel commencing a ground offensive against the Gaza Strip. This conflict has affected not only the surrounding Middle Eastern countries, however countries in the West have experienced lots of protests and rallies too.
In the past few weeks, thousands of Pro-Palestinians have protested in Germany’s capital, Berlin. Additionally, there have been protests in the other parts of Germany. On Friday, the 3rd of November, in Essen for example 3,000 protestors were waving the Palestinian flags and signs as they were shouting, “Allah hu Akbar” (God is the greatest), and protesting against the continuing military maneuvers of Israel in the Gaza Strip where, following the surprise attack by Hamas, over 1 million Palestinians have left their homes. Some islamists amongst the crowd even required a caliphate. Another 17,000 went to a demonstration in Düsseldorf, much more than originally expected by the police and government. However, with an estimated 30,000 Palestinians living in Berlin, one of the largest diaspora communities outside of the Middle East, the police increased security and used full force against pro-Palestinian organisations. The protests in Düsseldorf and Berlin weren't as violent as previous protests. The police said the protests passed off peacefully and they only made around 60 arrests for public order offenses and on suspicion of incitement to racial hatred.
Nonetheless, tensions have particularly increased in Germany as a result of the eerie reminder that the Nazis murdered six million European Jews during the Holocaust. German Chancellor Olaf Scholz told lawmakers, "Our history, our responsibility for the Holocaust makes it our duty in every moment to stand for the existence and security of Israel." (TIME)
As the result of the waves of protests Berlin's education authorities have discussed forbidding students from wearing "free Palestine" stickers and the Palestinian Keffiyeh scarves in addition to outlawing rallies. Reporters were informed by numerous Palestinians that they were afraid of being classified as pro-Hamas for criticizing Israel.
Yet, the European Union's largest Muslim and Jewish communities reside in Germany and France, where tensions were especially high. A lot of European countries support Israel or are neutral, the map below also shows that Middle Eastern countries mostly support Palestine.
However, with much of Europe being on Israel’s side due to the mass murder which happened in the Second World War, they’ve decided to ban Pro-Palestine protesting. Germany vowed to support a two-state solution and frequently voiced support for easing tensions in the conflict between Israel and Palestine. More than two-thirds of United Nation (UN) members recognise the State of Palestine, but Germany has refused to acknowledge it. Human rights organizations are therefore concerned about the decline in Western countries expressing support for the Palestinian cause. They argue that governments should uphold the international duty to guarantee freedom of expression and assembly, instead of enacting preemptive, blanket restrictions.
Amnesty International's Deputy Director for Research in Europe, Esther Major, has stated that the devastating effects of the war are "understandably compelling many people in Europe to protest for the rights of Palestinians," and she has urged European authorities to protect and facilitate everyone's right to express themselves and peacefully assemble. Major stated, "Yet, the authorities are illegally restricting the right to protest in many European countries." For example, the London Metropolitan Police issued a warning in advance that “anyone with a flag in support of Hamas or any other proscribed terrorist organization will be arrested.” The police force had more than 1,000 officers on the ground.
Liberal Muslims such as Ahmad Mansour who was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit and Seyran Ates who founded a liberal mosque which bans face covering and allows men and women to pray together have been face to face with lots of extremism in Germany. They can now see that with the conflict between Hamas and Israel it has grown worse. With almost 80,000 Palestinians residing there, Germany is home to the largest Palestinian community in Europe. German authorities have been trying to quell Palestinian activism in the nation for years, seeing it as an annoyance to their stated aim of providing "unconditional support for Israel."
By: Aanya K.
November 17, 2023
2024 will introduce us, Bearcats to new PE uniforms. Teachers of International School Manila in the PE department have been planning new uniforms for the academic session starting next year. The teachers want to make a new uniform for the kind of comfort, structure, and style we students are looking for. Read on more to find out why this is happening.
In an interview with Coach Kea (MS PE Teacher), she said that there have been discussions to improve the PE uniform in a way that is modest, and in a way where everyone is comfortable performing physical activity.
She also stated that ‘The idea is that there will be more options. There hasn't been a final decision as far as I know but the hope is to have both a long and short sleeve option as well as leggings and a couple of different shorts.’
Coach Till (MS Physical Education/Strength and Conditioning Coach/Female Athlete Development Program), stated ‘The entire ISM uniform is being redesigned throughout the school, so with it, the PE uniform is also being updated. The current PE design has been here for well over 7 years and we want to have a design that represents the student's voice and has a more functional design. For example, we are looking at including shorts with pockets and shorts with more cover for students who opt to wear shorter-length shorts.’
The teachers of the PE department have been sending out surveys to develop new T-shirts and shorts. Some of the T-Shirt options are long sleeve, singlet top, fitted, and relaxed. For the shorts, options are longer length shorts, short length shorts, shorts with spandex underneath, leggings, tracksuit pants, and skorts. On the contrary the current PE uniform is just a green & white loose T-shirt paired with black shorts.
Please fill out the questionnaire that your teachers have sent you, as they are trying their best to design a uniform which fulfills everyone's needs. The teachers are excited for a change and we hope you all are also excited for this new change?
Stay tuned as the new year will bring a new PE uniform.
By: Ziyaad K.
November 17, 2023
Meta, the parent company of Instagram are heroes, right? Well, as of, October 23, 2023, 41 States have joined in a lawsuit against Meta, because of their crafty addictive tactics, and concealing the dangers of the service.
According to the lawsuit, Meta collected details on children under 13 years old, which contradicts the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA).
The rule states that several requirements must be cleared and it would be unlawful if operators of online services knew that they were collecting personal information online from a child under 13 years of age, which Meta did, contradicting their policies.
Meta also engages users with tactics like infinite scroll, which means you have an endless supply of content, constant notifications to hook you back to the app, and an algorithm to send users down an infinite rabbit hole. These tactics are meant to keep users on for a significant amount of time, which can lead to serious mental health problems.
Take for example Selena Rodriguez, an 11-year-old with an extreme addiction to social media, A statement Selena’s mother Tammy said, "On multiple occasions, Selena received mental health treatment for her addiction," the statement said. "One outpatient therapist who evaluated Selena remarked that she had never seen a patient as addicted to social media." Not only being addicted to social media but Selena was also peer-pressured to share exploitative content with classmates, which they then leaked and shared via social media. This led to the deterioration of her mental state, which eventually led to her suicide.
Meta has specific policies to keep their online space appropriate. On the Facebook policies website, it states that anything that has nudity and/or self-harm or sexual harassment would be taken down, but the pictures taken of Selena were not. Again, Meta’s failure to comply with their own rules led to someone taking their own life.
The lawsuit against Meta sheds light on the created by addictive features and failure to follow their own rules. As the lawsuit unfolds it remains to be seen how it might reshape the industry, and hopefully create greater trust from large companies like Meta. Ultimately it might lead to a reexamination of online companies' responsibilities toward their users' mental health and privacy.