04.1 -  Oscillations

General Resources:

• Video Lectures

• Kognity Textbook Chap 4 - Use you ACS Login

• IB Physics Site: Topic 4 - Comprehensive notes

• IB Physics Site: Topic 4 - More notes 

• Topic 4 Flashcards - Vocab Devo.

• Khan Academy - Oscillations and Mechanical Waves

• Physics Classroom - Vibrations and Waves

• openstax - Vibrations and Oscillations.

• Extensive IB Notes (ppt)

International-mindedness:

• Oscillations are used to define the time systems on which nations agree so that the world can be kept in synchronization. This impacts most areas of our lives including the provision of electricity, travel and location-determining devices and all microelectronics.

Theory of knowledge:

• The harmonic oscillator is a paradigm for modelling where a simple equation is used to describe a complex phenomenon. How do scientists know when a simple model is not detailed enough for their requirements?

Utilization:

• Isochronous oscillations can be used to measure time

• Many systems can approximate simple harmonic motion: mass on a spring, fluid in U-tube, models of icebergs oscillating vertically in the ocean, and motion of a sphere rolling in a concave mirror

• Simple harmonic motion is frequently found in the context of mechanics (see Physics topic 2)

Aims:

• Aim 6: experiments could include (but are not limited to): mass on a spring; simple pendulum; motion on a curved air track

• Aim 7: IT skills can be used to model the simple harmonic motion defining equation; this gives valuable insight into the meaning of the equation itself

04.1 Information

1. Measuring forces to pull you out of equilibrium (Hooke's Law) 

   1. F = -kx

2. Practice:

   1. Using the simulation: PhET Masses and Springs 

   2. Describe the actions of MOS (Print this)

   3. Using the simulation: PhET Pendulums

   4. Describe the actions of a Pendulum (Print this)

3. Factors effecting the period of MOS and Pendulum. 

4. Base v. Derived Units - The Joule

5. Measuring forces to pull you out of equilibrium (Hooke's Law)

   1. Qualitative and Quantitative descriptions of spring

   2. Data Collected

   3. Information from a graph

      1. Points

      2. Slope

      3. Area

SMH Resources

1. Springs and Hooke's Law - Khan Academy Assignments Be sure to be logged in to your KA account. 

2. SHM and Oscillations - Khan Academy Assignments Be sure to be logged in to your KA account. 

3. The Spring Constant

4. SHM Overview

   1. SHM Intro - A lot of math

   2. SHM Energy - Follow up to #1

5. f you are really bored: The making of springs - The exciting part is at 4:07

6. OPTIONAL - For those into coding (very cool): Oscillation amplitude and period

7. Practice:

   1. Using the simulation: PhET Masses and Springs 

   2. Describe the actions of MOS (Print this)

   3. Using the simulation: PhET Pendulums

   4. Describe the actions of a Pendulum (Print this)

Using the data in the LoggerPro data set: 

• Describe how the various graphs are related to each other.

  • You should be able to answer the following:

    • How does the velocity compare to displacement as it passes through one complete cycle?

    • Where are the forces of gravity and the spring equal?

    • How does the energy change through one oscillation?

• Create an Acceleration v Position graph, follow the directions in class, to determine the period of mass on a spring.

• Questions to Consider:

  • Suppose you were to use a larger mass, how would the motion of the mass differ?

  • Suppose you were to use a spring that was easier to pull back (weaker spring), how would the period compare to the spring you used in class? 

  • Compare the motion, forces and energies in the mass on the spring to those of the bob of the pendulum.

  • How would the motion of the mass on a spring differ if it were to be placed on: 

    • the moon?

    • Jupiter? 

    • on the International Space Station (ISS)?