To understand context, you should examine:

• • • Change from and/or continuity with preceding historical developments.

    • Similarities and/or differences with contemporaneous historical developments in different regions or geographic areas.

Draw upon your relevant prior knowledge and information provided during this module.

Key Concepts

KC 5.1 The United States became more connected with the world, pursued an expansionist foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere, and emerged as the destination for many migrants from other countries.

KC 5.1 1 Popular enthusiasm for US expansion, bolstered by economic and security interests, resulted in the acquisition of new territories, substantial migration westward, and new overseas initiatives.

KC 5.1.2 In the 1840s and 1850s, Americans continued to debate questions about rights and citizenship for various groups of US inhabitants.

KC 5.2 Intensified by expansion and deepening regional divisions, debates over slavery and other economic, cultural, and political issues led the nation into civil war.

KC 5.2.1 Ideological and economic differences over slavery produced an array of diverging responses from Americans in the North and the South.

KC 5.2.2 Debates over slavery came to dominate political discussion in the 1850s, culminating in the bitter election of 1860 and the secession of Southern states.

KC 5.3 The Union victory in the Civil War and the contested reconstruction of the South settled the issues of slavery and secession, but left unresolved many questions about the power of the federal government and citizenship rights.

KC 5.3.1 The North’s greater manpower and industrial resources, the leadership of Abraham Lincoln and others, and the decision to emancipate slaves eventually led to the Union military victory over the Confederacy in the devastating Civil War.

KC 5.3.2 Reconstruction and the Civil War ended slavery, altered relationships between the states and the federal government, and led to debates over new definitions of citizenship, particularly regarding the rights of African Americans, women, and other minorities.